scholarly journals Disclosure of Medical Errors: A Literature Review and the Situation in Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülkızılca Yürür ◽  
Kristel P. Ramirez Valdez
Keyword(s):  
Medical Errors ◽  
Medical Error ◽  
Pay For Performance ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Performance Incentives ◽  
University Environment ◽  
Clinical Encounters ◽  
Error Disclosure ◽  
The University

Evaluating the efficacy and accuracy of clinical reasoning and distinguishing between complications and medical errors is a difficult task. However, it seems to be an even more difficult task to provide models for systematically reporting and reducing those errors through improvements in the entire web of healthcare delivery.The report “To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System” published in 1999 highlighted the importance of patient safety and proposed some interventions. However, a follow up by the authors of the report in 2005 stated that progress in matters of safer care delivery and improved communications was slow. The interventions proposed include “pay for performance” incentives, implementation of electronic health records, diffusion of safe practices and team training for full disclosure of medical errors to patients following injury.As patients increasingly are consumers, customers and regulatory actors in their own healthcare, it becomes harder to hide medical mistakes in clinical encounters. Explaining why and how the medical error happened, giving informed assurance that the mistake will be avoided in the future and offering sincere apologies to patients and families are skills that need to be taught to medical students as early as the undergraduate level. Those skills are very difficult to teach in the university environment and would be learned more effectively with years of experience. However, structured educational programs focusing in the necessity and components of a good medical error disclosure would improve awareness in the importance of an effective and honest doctor–patient relationship.In this review paper, we compare international literature and examples from Turkey with regard to disclosure of medical errors. The Turkish literature on malpractice cases is rich and most of them point out that medical errors occur because of heavy workloads, insufficient infrastructure and lack of high quality medical education. However, the lack of any papers on medical disclosure to patients in Turkey seems to point out to the big communication gap between patients and doctors, among other reasons. We will address some of the reasons for such lack in Turkey and present recommendations about how to disclose medical errors to patients such as implementation of electronic medical error disclosure systems, education and training, and legislation.

Confessional Approach to Disclosure of Medical Error

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Mason
Keyword(s):  
Medical Errors ◽  
Medical Error ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Patient Relationship ◽  
Physician Patient Relationship ◽  
Error Disclosure ◽  
Patient Relationships ◽  
Physician Patient

Abstract Recent literature on the ethics of medical error disclosure acknowledges the feelings of injustice, confusion, and grief patients and their families experience as a result of medical error. Substantially less literature acknowledges the emotional and relational discomfort of the physicians responsible or suggests a meaningful way forward. To address these concerns more fully, I propose a model of medical error disclosure that mirrors the theological and sacramental technique of confession. I use Aquinas’ description of moral acts to show that all medical errors are evil, and some accidental medical errors constitute venial sins; all sin and evil should be confessed. As Aquinas urges confession for sins, here I argue that confession is necessary to restore physicians to the community and to provide a sense of absolution. Even mistakes for which physicians are not morally culpable ought to be confessed in order to heal the physician–patient relationship and to address feelings of professional distress. This paper utilizes an Episcopal theology of confession that affirms verbal admission and responsibility-taking as freeing and relationally restoring acts, arguing that a confessional stance toward medical error both leads to better outcomes in physician–patient relationships and is more compassionate toward physicians who err.

Where do Technology-Induced Errors Come From? Towards a Model for Conceptualizing and Diagnosing Errors Caused by Technology

2010 ◽  
pp. 148-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. Borycki ◽  
Andre W. Kushniruk
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Health Information Technology ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Medical Errors ◽  
Medical Error ◽  
Healthcare Delivery

Borycki, Elizabeth M.; Kushniruk, Andre W. Health information technology has the potential to greatly improve healthcare delivery. Indeed, in recent years many have argued that introduction of information technology will be essential in order to decrease medical error and increase healthcare safety. In this chapter we review some of the evidence that has accumulated indicating the positive benefits of health information technology for improving safety in healthcare. However, a number of recent studies have indicated that if systems are not designed and implemented properly health information technology may actual inadvertently result in new types of medical errors—technology-induced errors. In this chapter we discuss where such error may arise and propose a model for conceptualizing and diagnosing technology-induced error so that the benefits of technology can be achieved while the likelihood of the occurrence of technology-induced medical error is reduced.

scholarly journals Medical Interns’ Perceptions about Disclosing Medical Errors

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Sedigheh Ebrahimi ◽  
Seyed Ziaedin Tabei ◽  
Fatemeh Kalantari ◽  
Alireza Ebrahimi
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Medical Errors ◽  
Medical Error ◽  
Training And Education ◽  
Ethical Duty ◽  
Error Disclosure ◽  
Willingness To Disclose ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Medical Interns

Background. Honest and timely reporting of medical errors is the professional and ethical duty of any physician as it can help the patients and their families to understand the condition and enable the practitioners to prevent the consequences of the error. This study aims to investigate the viewpoints of medical interns regarding medical error disclosure in educational hospitals in Shiraz, Iran. Methods. A researcher-made questionnaire was used for data collection. The survey consisted of questions about the medical error disclosure, the willingness to disclose an error, the interns’ experiences and intentions of reporting the medical error, and two scenarios to assess the students’ response to a medical error. Results. Medical interns believed that a medical error must be reported for the sake of conscience and commitment and prevention of further consequences. The most important cause of not reporting an error was found to be inappropriate communication skills among the students. The results indicated that the willingness to disclose the hypothetical error among females was more than males (R < 0.005), but in practice, there was no difference between males and females (R > 0.005). The willingness to disclose minor and major hypothetical errors had a positive correlation ( P < 0.001 , R = 0.848). Conclusion. More ethical training and education of communication skills would be helpful to persuade physicians to disclose medical errors.

scholarly journals A study of the validity and reliability of the questionnaire entitled “physicians' approach to and disclosure of medical errors and the related ethical issues

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mohammadi ◽  
Bagher Larijani ◽  
Seyed Mahmoud Tabatabaei ◽  
Saharnaz Nedjat ◽  
Masud Yunesian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Errors ◽  
Medical Error ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Error Disclosure ◽  
The Status

Medical errors are among the major challenges that threaten patients’ health worldwide. The aim of this study was to design a valid and reliable questionnaire to investigate the status of medical error disclosure by physicians. A preliminary questionnaire was developed based on the extracted results from 37 interviews with specialists. To test the validity of the questionnaire, 20 medical practitioners and medical ethics authorities were asked to evaluate the relevance and clarity of each item. To measure the instrument’s reliability (the intra-class correlation coefficient and Cronbach’s alpha), a test-retest study was conducted on 20 randomly selected physicians twice with a 2-week interval. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software version 20.  The overall relevance and clarity of the instrument, with an average approach, were measured at 97.22 and 94.03 percent respectively. The Cronbach’s alpha, which presents the internal consistency was satisfactory (0.70 - 0.79) for various domains of the questionnaire. The range of intra-class correlation coefficients for the items in all domains of the questionnaire was 0.76 to 1.00. Regarding the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, it can be an appropriate instrument in the assessment and monitoring of the status of medical error disclosure by physicians.

scholarly journals Characterizing Resident Preferences for Faculty Involvement and Support in Disclosing Medical Errors to Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narendra Singh ◽  
Brian M. Wong ◽  
Lynfa Stroud
Keyword(s):  
Medical Errors ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Faculty Support ◽  
Faculty Involvement ◽  
Error Type ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
Personal Support ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Error Disclosure ◽  
The University

ABSTRACT Background  Residents may be commonly involved with medical errors and need faculty support when disclosing these to patients. Objective  We characterized residents' preferences for faculty involvement and support during the error disclosure process. Methods  We surveyed residents from internal medicine, pediatrics, emergency medicine, general and orthopedic surgery, and obstetrics and gynecology residency programs at the University of Toronto in 2014–2015 about their preferences for faculty involvement across a variety of different error scenarios (ie, error type, severity, and proximity) and for elements of support they perceive to be most helpful during the disclosure process. Results  Over 90% of the 192 respondents (N = 538, response rate 36%) wanted direct involvement in the error disclosure process, irrespective of type or severity of the error. Residents were relatively comfortable disclosing prescription and communication errors without direct faculty involvement but preferred faculty involvement when disclosing diagnostic and management errors. When errors were severe, many residents still wanted to be involved but preferred having faculty lead the disclosure. Residents particularly wanted to participate in the process when they felt responsible for the error. Residents highly valued receiving faculty advice on how to manage consequences and how to prevent future errors in preparing for disclosure, as well as receiving postdisclosure feedback and personal support. Conclusions  Residents are willing participants in the error disclosure process and have specific preferences for faculty involvement and support. These findings can inform faculty development to ensure appropriate support and supervision for residents when disclosing errors to patients.

PROFESSORS' PERCEPTION OF SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITY IN THE FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF GUAYAQUIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
Jorge Daher Nader ◽  
Amelia Patricia Panunzio ◽  
Marlene Hernández Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
University Environment ◽  
Empirical Level ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Scientific Nature ◽  
The University

Research is considered a function aimed at obtaining new knowledge and its application for the solution to problems or questions of a scientific nature, The universities framed in the fulfillment of their social function have a complex task given by training a competent professional who assumes research as part of their training and who learns to ask questions that they are able to solve through scientific research.  Scientific research is an indicator of the quality of processes in the university environment, so it must be increased by virtue of the results of the work carried out by research teachers and students the objective of this work is to know the perception of the teachers of the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the University of Guayaquil about the scientific activity. Objective: to know the perception of the teachers of the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the University of Guayaquil about the scientific activity. Methods: theoretical and empirical level were used, a questionnaire with closed questions aimed at knowing the opinions on the research activity in this institution was applied. Result: that of the sample analyzed 309 (39.3%) said they agreed with the training for the writing of scientific articles. 38.6% said they agree with the training on research projects. Conclusion: that teacher’s research should be enhanced to ensure the formation and development of research skills in students.

Do You Get What You Measure? Research Opportunities Based on the Veterans Health Administration Experience

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Thibodeau ◽  
John Harry Evans ◽  
Nandu J. Nagarajan
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Veterans Health Administration ◽  
Veterans Health ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Performance Incentives ◽  
Healthcare Network ◽  
Similar Patient ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The U.S

SYNOPSIS Starting in 1995, the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) transformed a bureaucratic healthcare system into a performance-driven, patient-focused integrated healthcare network. The VHA's experience may offer lessons for private and public sector providers as the U.S. explores alternative healthcare delivery systems and payment methods. Similar patient-focused integrated systems are one of the hallmarks of the latest U.S. attempt to improve the quality and efficiency of healthcare delivery. The use of performance incentives to promote cooperation and innovation is also central to both the VHA and the U.S. reform. This study reviews the VHA's experience with an eye to identifying issues and potential research avenues for accounting researchers interested in the role of accounting information for control, coordination, and organizational change.

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