Reappraisal of Arundian–Asbian successions of the Great Scar Limestone Group across northern England

2021 ◽  
pp. pygs2021-002
Author(s):  
Colin N. Waters ◽  
Iain C. Burgess ◽  
Pedro Cózar ◽  
Douglas W. Holliday ◽  
Ian D. Somerville
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Lake District ◽  
Lithostratigraphic Units ◽  
Definition Of

The correlation of disparate mid- to late Viséan platform carbonate successions of the Great Scar Limestone Group across northern England formerly relied heavily upon a coral and brachiopod biozonation scheme erected in the early 20th century. This subsequently guided the development of a regional chronostratigraphic scheme some sixty years later that continues to be used to the present day, broadly coinciding with development of new lithostratigraphical nomenclatures, different for each distinct structural area. Correlation problems encountered within these lithostratigraphic units from study of their foraminiferal assemblages, as well as critical analysis of the stratotype sections for the Holkerian and Asbian substages, questions the veracity of the long-established coral and brachiopod biostratigraphy. This study appraises the lithostratigraphical and biostratigraphical relationships of late Arundian to late Asbian limestones across the Askrigg and Alston blocks, the Stainmore Trough and flanks of the Lake District Block. It considers the correlation and potential rationalisation of lithostratigraphic units, comments on revisions to the definition of the Holkerian and Asbian substage stratotypes and the suitability of the various biostratigraphical guide fossils.

scholarly journals TRANSFORMING THE POST-MUWAḤḤIDDŪN MAN: MALIK BENNABI’S CRITIQUE OF THE CONTEMPORARY MUSLIM SOCIETY

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-78
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yusuf Patria
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
The State ◽  
Analytic Approach ◽  
Muslim Society ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Current State ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Society Today

This article is aimed at discussing the critical analysis of a Muslim thinker, Malik Bennabi, of the state of contemporary Muslim society. This discussion uses a descriptive-analytic approach with Bennabi's works as the primary source and other supporting works as secondary sources. Bennabi's definition of a society, especially its origin, basic elements, and its stages, is described in detail as a basis for understanding Bennabi's thoughts. then, the article discusses Bennabi's analysis and criticism of the current state of Muslim society. For him, the root of all the problems experienced by Muslim society today is an internal weakness or what he calls "colonisability". This situation, according to him, creates vulnerable individuals and societies to be "colonized" again. Bennabi referred to these individuals in Muslim society as “Post-Muwaḥḥiddūn man”, as a sign that internal weaknesses began to emerge in Muslim society after the Muwaḥḥid dynasty. Based on his explanation, it can be concluded that the current Muslim society is disoriented and has lost its identity. The author also concludes that Bennabi's approach and analysis are able to describe the current state of Muslim society and the root of the problems it is experiencing.

scholarly journals Iranian Feminist Activists and Critical Media Literacy

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 45-58
Author(s):  
Kobra Mohammadpour Kachalmi ◽  
Lee Yok Fee
Keyword(s):  
Media Literacy ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Gender Ideology ◽  
Critical Media Literacy ◽  
Dominant Ideologies ◽  
Critical Media ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Literacy Framework ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Considering the exponential growth of technology and media in Iranian society as well as the significant role of media culture in reproducing, reinforcing, and legitimizing dominant ideologies such as sexism, the central question posed by this paper is how Iranian feminist activists critically analyze media messages. Further, this paper explores the extent to which this analysis fits the critical media literacy framework. Using a critical media literacy framework underpinned by feminist standpoint theory, this paper presents results from qualitative interviews with 15 Iranian feminist activists. We find that Iranian feminist activists focus more on politics of representation and critique of gender ideology in the critical analysis of media products. Thus, critical analysis of media by Iranian feminist activists better fits the definition of critical media literacy than its core concepts. The findings also demonstrate that a transformative dimension of critical media literacy is ignored by the feminist activists despite using media in the struggle against dominant gender ideology.

Meghalaya Transfer of Land (Regulation) Act, 1971 : A Critical Analysis

LAW REVIEW ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Land Transfer ◽  
The Will ◽  
Land Regulation ◽  
Definition Of

Meghalaya is the state comprises of different tribes mainly Khasi and Garos. Culturally they are different. Land transfer in the State is governed by the Meghalaya Transfer ofLand(Regulation)Act,1971,which has been amended in 2010. The objective of the Act is to protect the interest of tribals. By the amendment word 'will' has been included in the detention of Transfer that created confusion .Although,the court has said that the 'will' should not be included in the definition of transfer but still it is there. In this paper the analysis of the Act of 1971 has been done. How far the SARFAESI Act,2002 is relevant here has been discussed. And also,the role of judiciary has been highlighted

Premises of Digital Transformation in Autopoietic Organizations

2021 ◽  
pp. 325-345
Author(s):  
Guillermo J. Larios-Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Evolutionary Economics ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Self ◽  
Structural Coupling ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Dual Perspective ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Rule Making

This chapter exposes how the realization of digital transformation (DT) derives from the decisional communication of rule-making “chosen” alternatives, which originate in the self-referenced informational space, according to the dual perspective of reality adopted in evolutionary economics. Based on a critical analysis of scholarly literature to identify key proposals that support the definition of DT strategies, this research establishes the relevance of the fundamental tenets of autopoiesis theory, such as operational closure, structural coupling, and languaging, in the context of digitalization, to harmonize such DT strategy proposals to the structure of the organization in terms of decision premises. The internal availability of these decision premises determines the type of digitalization potential that can be self-observed by the organization, reinterpreting the attributes of DT in a framework that recognizes the sets of DT alternatives as decision premise dichotomies, with implications for theory and practice.

scholarly journals Outsiders: The Definition and Critical Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lev B. Klebanov ◽  
Georgy L. Shevlyakov
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Classical Definition ◽  
Definition Of

A critical analysis of the classical definition of outsiders is given. Some examples show that this notion is not universal and has at least two drawbacks. Particularly, the set of outsiders may have the probability arbitrary close to one half. On the other hand, the deleting of the set of outsiders may dramatically change the value of the median.

scholarly journals A critique of the jusnaturalist notion of marriage: A view from Italian legal practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 676-725
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Prelević-Paladino
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Legal Institution ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
A Value ◽  
Central Argument ◽  
Definition Of

This paper attempts to answer the following research question: What is modern marriage? The author combines the critical analysis of the jusnaturalist view, more precisely the notion of marriage in the work of Robert George, with a conceptual analysis of marriage in the process of its transformation. In order to do this, the author examines the case of Italy, a society with a traditional, Catholic jusnaturalist conception of marriage, which enables testing the jusnaturalist view of marriage and pointing out what makes it dysfunctional in practice. Then, I examine how well-founded the constituent components of the notion of "real marriage" are, both in the context of modern marriage and within George's conception of marriage itself. The paper's central argument is that marriage is a legal institution undergoing the process of redefining that involves an expansion of participants and a redistribution of the hitherto known functions of marriage. It is the author's standpoint that there is a methodological possibility to functionally yet neutrally explain the nature of law, and so the institution of marriage. Thus the author arrives at the new function of modern marriage and brings a value-neutral definition of modern marriage based on the idea of a privileged emotional relationship.

scholarly journals MASLAHAH DAN BATASAN-BATASANNYA MENURUT AL-BÛTHÎ (Analisis Kitab Dlawâbith al-Mashlahah fi al-Syarî’ah al-Islâmiyyah)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Arfan
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Specific Sequences

<p>Definition of al - mashlahah according to al - Bûthî is : “ Something useful accoding to al - Shâri ‘ (Allah and His Messenger ) for the benefit of his servants , in keeping religion , life , intellect , lineage and their property , in accordance with the specific sequences contained in the maintenance category . “ Furthermore al - Bûthî asserts that al - mashlahah can be used as a source of law if it meets the five criteria that he called al -mashlahah Dlawâbith.  These  five  criteria  are  ;  (  a)  maslahah  should  be included in the scope of al - maqashid al - Syar’iyyah the five , ( b ) maslahah does not contradict with the Qur’an , ( c ) maslahah does not contradict with al - Sunnah , ( d ) maslahah does not contradict with al - Qiyas and ( e ) maslahah does not contradict with another benefit that is higher / stronger / more important . That’s more or less the gist of the book Dlawâbith mashlahah fi al - Shari’ah al - Islamiyya , beside that in this paper , the authors tried to analyze critic al - Bûthî against al - Thûfî on maslahah concept , in addition also critical analysis of the author to distribution and limitations of maslahah in al - Bûthî’s version.</p> <p>Definisi  al-Mashlahah  menurut  al-Bûthî  adalah:  “Sesuatu  yang  bermanfaat yang dimaksudkan  oleh  al-Syari’  (Allah  dan  Rasul-Nya)  untuk  kepentingan hamba-Nya,  baik  dalam  menjaga  agama,  jiwa,  akal,  keturunan  dan  harta mereka,  sesuai  dengan  urutan  tertentu  yang  terdapat  di  dalam  kategori pemeliharaan tersebut.” Namun al-Bûthî menegaskan bahwa al-Mashlahah dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber hukum jika memenuhi lima kriteria yang ia istilahkan dengan Dlawâbith  al-Mashlahah.  Kelima  kriteria  tersebut  adalah;   maslahah tersebut haruslah: (a) termasuk ke dalam cakupan al-Maqâshid al-Syar’iyyah yang lima, (b) tidak bertentangan dengan al-Qur’an, (c) tidak bertentangan dengan alSunnah, (d) tidak bertentangan dengan al-Qiyas dan (e) tidak bertentangan dengan kemaslahatan  lain  yang  lebih  tinggi/  lebih  kuat/lebih  penting.  Itulah lebih kurang intisari  dari  kitab   Dlawâbith  al-Mashlahah fi  Syarî’ah  al-Islâmiyyah,  namun dalam makalah ini, penulis berusaha menganalisis kritik al-Bûthî terhadap konsep maslahah al-Thûfî, disamping analisis kritis penulis terhadap pembagian maslahah dan batasannya versi al-Bûthî.</p>

scholarly journals Problem of measurement of efficiency of propaganda (on the example of using of the index of effectiveness of the russian propaganda in Ukraine)

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
O. V. Oliinyk ◽  
L. I. Lyasota
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Professional Community ◽  
Behavioral Effects ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Definition Of

The article analyzes the possible effects of propaganda and justifies the possibility of empirical evaluation of its effectiveness. There are described main trends in the depending of approving the principal Russian propaganda theses by different categories of the population of Ukraine, based on the results of recent studies of the Kiev International Institute of Sociology and Ukrainian Institite for Social Research named after O. Yaremenko. A critical analysis of measuring the effectiveness of propaganda methodics, identifying areas for further improvement are made.The article presents the analysis of the experience of Ukrainian sociologists connected with the research of Russian propaganda in Ukraine in the period from 2015 to 2018. The authors focus their attention on the theoretical approaches to the definition of propaganda, effects of propaganda and methodological possibilities of measuring it in empirical research. Relying on the latest statistical data, the authors determine the specificity of effectiveness of Russian propaganda in Ukraine and factors influencing its effectiveness. They also pay attention to the main difficulties of the study of propaganda.It is done the analysis of possible effects of propaganda, namely the group of general criteria (such criteria also include knowledge, beliefs, actions) and the group of specific criteria (psychological, cognitive, and behavioral effects). Based on the results of the latest researches of the Kiev International Institute of sociology and the Ukrainian Institite for Social Research named after O. Yaremenko, the authors pointed out the main trends of suportance the main points of Russian propaganda by different categories of the population of Ukraine, including the dependence on the region of residence, national and linguistic identification and level of the respondents’ income. It is noted that there is an urgent need to strengthen the system of counteraction to the Russian propaganda (especially from the Ukrainian media, as well as public authorities). The article raises methodological problem of the possibility of studying the effectiveness of Russian propaganda in principle. Using the results of the discussion of the index of effectiveness of Russian propaganda (RRS), which was developed by the staff of the Kiev International Institute of Sociology in 2015, in the professional community of sociologists, the authors undertook a critical analysis of the methods of measuring the effectiveness of propaganda and the possibility of empirical evaluation of its effectiveness. As a result, it is identified areas for further improvement of the methodology of measuring the effectiveness of propaganda, namely: an increased study of the behavioral effects of propaganda, conducting regular measurements to allow comparisons, the development of comprehensive studies of the manifestations of the results of the propaganda of various methods (including psychological testing, involvement in the experiment several control groups, etc.).

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