Open Data Standard and Analysis Framework: Towards Response Equity in Local Governments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy Hsu ◽  
Ramya Ravichandran ◽  
Edwin Zhang ◽  
Christine Keung
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Data Standard

scholarly journals USING PARTICIPATORY APPROACH TO IMPROVE AVAILABILITY OF SPATIAL DATA FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT

2016 ◽  
Vol III-4/W1 ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
T. Kliment ◽  
V. Cetl ◽  
H. Tomič ◽  
J. Lisiak ◽  
M. Kliment
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Property Tax ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Geospatial Information ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Participatory Gis

Nowadays, the availability of authoritative geospatial features of various data themes is becoming wider on global, regional and national levels. The reason is existence of legislative frameworks for public sector information and related spatial data infrastructure implementations, emergence of support for initiatives as open data, big data ensuring that online geospatial information are made available to digital single market, entrepreneurs and public bodies on both national and local level. However, the availability of authoritative reference spatial data linking the geographic representation of the properties and their owners are still missing in an appropriate quantity and quality level, even though this data represent fundamental input for local governments regarding the register of buildings used for property tax calculations, identification of illegal buildings, etc. We propose a methodology to improve this situation by applying the principles of participatory GIS and VGI used to collect observations, update authoritative datasets and verify the newly developed datasets of areas of buildings used to calculate property tax rates issued to their owners. The case study was performed within the district of the City of Požega in eastern Croatia in the summer 2015 and resulted in a total number of 16072 updated and newly identified objects made available online for quality verification by citizens using open source geospatial technologies.

Armchair Auditors: Crowdsourcing Analysis of Government Expenditures

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel E. O'Leary
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Government Expenditures ◽  
Data Movement ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Open Data Movement

ABSTRACT Increasingly, there is interest in using information and communications technology (ICT) to help build a “better world.” As an example, the United Kingdom has initiated an “open data” movement to disclose financial information about federal and local governments and other organizations. This has led to the use of a wide range of technologies (Internet, Databases, Web 2.0, etc.) to facilitate disclosure. However, since there is a huge cost of generating and maintaining open data, there also is a concern: “will anyone do anything with the data?” In a speech in 2009, David Cameron, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, used the term “armchair auditor” to describe crowdsourcing analysis of that data. In that speech, Cameron (2009) noted: “Just imagine the effect that an army of armchair auditors is going to have on those expense claims.” Accordingly, as more and more countries and organizations generate open data, those “armchair auditors” could play an increasingly important role: to help crowdsource monitoring of government expenditures. This paper investigates a number of potential benefits and a number of emerging concerns associated with armchair auditors.

Opportunities and Challenges for Civic Engagement

2019 ◽  
pp. 607-623
Author(s):  
Sarah Hartmann ◽  
Agnes Mainka ◽  
Wolfgang G. Stock
Keyword(s):  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Open Government ◽  
Web Portals ◽  
Open Government Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Government Data ◽  
The City

The population in many cities all over the world is continuously growing and with this growing number of people infrastructural, health and location-related problems increase. It is assumed that these problems could be addressed by means of open government data which many governments publish on their web portals so that it can be further processed and transformed. Since the citizens themselves know best what they need, governments encourage them to participate in open data innovation competitions and to create value added services for their city. The reuse of open urban government data during hackathons or app competitions is a new trend in knowledge societies of how governments and citizens work together. But have these events still become practice in local governments and are they helpful means to foster government-to-citizen communication and collaboration? The authors analyze innovation competitions in 24 world cities to see how they are applied and whether they have the potential to make the city “smart”.

scholarly journals The Managerial Dimension of Open Data Success: Focusing on the Open Data Initiatives in Korean Local Governments

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim ◽  
Eom
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Technological Determinism ◽  
The Public ◽  
Open Government Data ◽  
Government Data ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
Resource Based Theory

Open government data (open data) initiatives have been at the forefront of the strategy to make more transparent, responsive, and accountable government, and thereby lead to open innovation across the public and private sector. Governments around the world often understand that open data is disclosing their data to the public as much as possible and that open data success is the result of a data and technology-related endeavor rather than the result of organizational, institutional, and environmental attributes. According to the resource-based theory, however, managerial capability to mobilize tangible and intangible resources and deploy them in adequate places or processes under the leadership of capable leaders during the information technology (IT) project is a core factor leading to organizational performance such as open data success. In this vein, this study aims to analyze managerial factors as drivers and challenges of open data success from the resource-based theory. Findings illustrate that managerial factors are the driving forces that often boost or hinder open data success when institutional, socio-economic, and demographic factors are controlled. Discussion illustrates theoretical and practical implications for the managerial factors as drivers and challenges of open data success in terms of the comparison between technological determinism and the socio-technical perspective.

scholarly journals Modelling local autonomy and dependence through cooperative relations

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lluís Medir Tejado ◽  
Esther Pano
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Intergovernmental Relations ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Local Autonomy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Governance Tools ◽  
Multi Level

Purpose Given the spread of multi-level governance tools, interaction between local and regional governments has become an important mechanism for service delivery and the implementation of public policies. The purpose of this paper is to empirically test a model of cooperative relations affecting local governments and thus having impact on local autonomy and dependence. Design/methodology/approach This paper takes previous typologies as a starting point to theoretically build and empirically test a model of cooperative relations based on two selected indicators: the degree of autonomy-dependence and the degree of rigidity-flexibility of the cooperative system. In a second step, the authors stimulate the model numerically to match real data on it coming from South European local governments to assess the functioning of the theory in a concrete space and time. Findings The combination of the aforementioned concepts, creates a four-option theoretical model that describes four possible situations where cooperative intergovernmental relations can be empirically placed. Originality/value This paper points out the need to incorporate empirical studies to trace the characteristics and evolution of the cooperative relations between local governments and upper tiers. This is particularly relevant if the authors are referring to mechanisms that can vary through time. In the current big and open data era, this empirical process will become easier and more affordable. In this context, local government studies benefit from particular features that improve the operation of this kind of analysis: large “N” configuration (a large number of units to be included) and a reasonable equivalence in concepts and bodies that allows comparability.

scholarly journals Performative Data: Cultures of Government Data Practice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan Currie ◽  
W. F. Umi Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
City Governments ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
The Public ◽  
Data Practices ◽  
Government Data ◽  
The City

Most of the current academic literature on open data looks outward at the data’s reuse by the public. is article describes, rather, the cultural practice of open data inside city governments. Hand-in-hand with the launch of open data policies, city governments have embraced data analytics to track performance, set goals, justify budget expenditures, direct public services, and represent their work to the public. rough an increased need to data-fy, or to transform records or actions into digital data, sta considers the analytical possibilities of existing administrative records both as economic evidence of government activities and as reusable assets with statistical and machine-actionable functions. ese data practices provide a legitimized way for municipal governments to know and govern the city and manage its resources. Contended as performative acts, local governments’ data practices help the city perform aspects of its functions and values such accountability, transparency, and democracy.

Pipeline Open Data Standard (PODS) Next Generation Data Model

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. G. Veenstra
Keyword(s):  
Data Management ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Data Standard

The Pipeline Open Data Standard (PODS) Association develops and advances global pipeline data standards and best practices supporting data management and reporting for the oil and gas industry. This presentation provides an overview of the PODS Association and a detailed overview of the transformed PODS Pipeline Data Model resulting from the PODS Next Generation initiative. The PODS Association’s Next Generation, or Next Gen, initiative is focused on a complete re-design and modernization of the PODS Pipeline Data Model. The re-design of the PODS Pipeline Data Model is driven by PODS Association Strategy objectives as defined in its 2016–2019 Strategic Plan and reflects nearly 20 years of PODS Pipeline Data Model implementation experience and lessons learned. The Next Gen Data Model is designed to be the system of record for pipeline centerlines and pressurized containment assets for the safe transport of product, allowing pipeline operators to: • Achieve greater agility to build and extend the data model, • respond to new business requirements, • interoperate through standard data models and consistent application interface, • share data within and between organizations using well defined data exchange specifications, • optimize performance for management of bulk loading, reroute, inspection data and history. The presentation will introduce the Next Gen Data Model design principles, conceptual, logical and physical structures with a focus on transformational changes from prior versions of the Model. Support for multiple platforms including but not limited to Esri ArcGIS, open source GIS and relational database management systems will be described. Alignment with Esri’s ArcGIS Platform and ArcGIS for Pipeline Referencing (APR) will be a main topic of discussion along with how PODS Next Gen can be leveraged to benefit pipeline integrity, risk assessment, reporting and data maintenance. The end goal of a PODS implementation is a realization of data management efficiency, data transfer and exchange, to make the operation of a pipeline safer and most cost effective.

scholarly journals Transparency in Local Governments: Patterns and Practices of Twenty-first Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 0160323X2097024
Author(s):  
Redeemer Dornudo Yao Krah ◽  
Gerard Mertens
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Open Data ◽  
First Century ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Freedom Of Information ◽  
Government Transparency ◽  
Twenty First Century

The study is a systematic literature review that assembles scientific knowledge in local government transparency in the twenty-first Century. The study finds a remarkable growth in research on local government transparency in the first nineteen years, particularly in Europe and North America. Social, economic, political and institutional factors are found to account for this trend. In vogue among local governments is the use of information technology to enhance transparency. The pressure to become transparent largely comes from the passage of Freedom of Information Laws and open data initiatives of governments.

scholarly journals Impact of Emotional Perceived Value on the Uncertain Evolution of the Housing Bubble

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 1543
Author(s):  
Yang Tang ◽  
Kairong Hong ◽  
Yucheng Zou ◽  
Yanwei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Perceived Value ◽  
Housing Bubble ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Policy Environment ◽  
Game Analysis ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
Game Equilibrium

In China, the housing bubble is not only an economic issue but also an important social and political issue. According to game theory, the housing bubble is an equilibrium result of the interaction between policy environment and participants’ behavior. In this process, due to the interaction between speculation, regulation, and emotions, the development and evolution of the housing bubble are faced with uncertainty. Different from traditional econometric analysis, this article adopts the evolutionary game analysis method in order to establish a multi-stage evolutionary game analysis framework for the housing bubble. Firstly, by analyzing the emotional perceived value of related subjects under optimism, pessimism, and uncertainty, this article explores the mechanism of emotional perceived value on the housing bubble under the condition of inconsistent policy objectives. Secondly, it introduces emotional perceived value into the evolutionary game analysis framework of housing bubbles and analyzes the strategic combination and game equilibrium between investors and local governments under different emotions. Finally, taking Hainan province as an example, it conducts a MATLAB numerical simulation on the uncertain evolution of the housing bubble and proposes a staged strategy combination to deal with the housing bubble. The results show that: (1) emotional perceived value is affected by policy environment; (2) changes in the strength of policy effects make emotional perceived value change, which has different incentive effects on investors’ speculation and local governments’ regulation; (3) there are differences in emotional perceived value in different stages, which improves the uncertainty of the game equilibrium result between investors and local governments; and (4) considering the evolutionary characteristics of the housing bubble in different stages, its countermeasures should not only prevent insufficient regulation but also avoid excessive regulation. The above conclusions can provide theoretical and practical references for predicting the behavior of real estate investors, identifying the evolution mechanisms and rules of real estate bubbles and formulating relevant regulatory policies.

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