scholarly journals A Bridge to the World

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-38
Author(s):  
Zhi-Hong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Revolution ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Vice President ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Plant Physiologist ◽  
Chinese Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Peking University ◽  
National University ◽  
Fast Development ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Zhi-Hong Xu is a plant physiologist who studied botany at Peking University (1959–1965). He joined the Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology (SIPP), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), as a graduate student in 1965. He recalls what has happened for the institute, during the Cultural Revolution, and he witnessed the spring of science eventually coming to China. Xu was a visiting scholar at the John Innes Institute and in the Department of Botany at Nottingham University in the United Kingdom (1979–1981). He became deputy director of SIPP in 1983 and director in 1991; he also chaired the State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics SIPP (1988–1996). He worked as a visiting scientist in the Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, National University of Singapore, for three months each year (1989–1992). He served as vice president of CAS (1992–2002) and as president of Peking University (1999–2008). Over these periods he was heavily involved in the design and implementation of major scientific projects in life sciences and agriculture in China. He is an academician of CAS and member of the Academy of Sciences for the Developing World. His scientific contributions mainly cover plant tissue culture, hormone mechanism in development, as well as plant developmental response to environment. Xu, as a scientist and leader who has made an impact in the community, called up a lot of excellent young scientists returning to China. His efforts have promoted the fast development of China's plant and agricultural sciences.

BioBoard

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 643-650
Keyword(s):  
Young Scientist ◽  
Nobel Laureate ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
University Student ◽  
Chinese Academy Of Sciences ◽  
National University ◽  
Criminal Charges ◽  
Aids Therapy ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Ian Frazer Named Australian of the Year. Further Funding For Australian Medical Research. Blockbuster Gardisil Approved by FDA. Potential Ovarian Cancer Diagnostic Test on Trial in Melbourne. Seven Scientists Elected as CAS Foreign Members. CAS and University of Tokyo Set up Joint Laboratories. AstraZeneca to Invest $100 million in China. Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Partner with the Danish Pharmaceutical Company Lundbeck. Anti-flu Tamiflu Approved in China. China Develops New Bird Flu Vaccines. China Collaborates with WHO to Fight Infectious Diseases. Apollo Hospitals Eyes Acquisition in South-East Asia. India Opens New Free AIDS Therapy Centers. Ranbaxy Faces Criminal Charges for Price-fixing of Antibiotics and Warfarin. Nobel Laureate Norman E. Borlaug Calls for Gene Revolution in India. Carlyle Asia Growth Partners III Raises US$668 Million to Support Emerging Asian Business Leaders with Expansion Capital. Kyoto University and Summit Pharmaceuticals International Corp Collaborate. Grain Crisis Looms in Japan. University Student Named New Zealand's Young Scientist of the Year. New Boost in New Zealand Biotech Industry. HP and A*STAR to Open $30 Million R&D Lab. A*STAR to Collaborate with Australian National University. Singapore's BAC Announces Biomedical Research Data to be Off-limits to Third Parties.

scholarly journals The battle against PM2.5 is on

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Wang
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Vice President ◽  
Extensive Experience ◽  
Environmental Initiatives ◽  
Chinese Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The World ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Research And Policy

Abstract On 21 February 2014, almost 15% of China (mostly in the east) was enveloped by haze with hazardous PM2.5 pollutants (particulate matter with size smaller than 2.5 μm). This is a problem that had also frequently occurred in 2013. During the subsequent meeting of the Chinese parliament in mid-March 2014, a national battle against air pollution in future years is proposed ‘in order to accelerate the overall environmental initiatives and improve people's quality of life’. Zhongli Ding, Vice President of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and a climatologist with extensive experience in research and policy making, stated clearly that only the most stringent environment standard implementation could curb the present problem. Never before has a country faced such complex conditions as China. ‘We have London fog and San Francisco's smog combined, and moreover, 10 provinces and cities in eastern China, including Beijing and Tianjin, accounting for only 0.6% of the world land area, but the highest per unit area emission in the world; the entire Hebei province is one big smokestack.’ In an interview with NSR and a meteorologist Huijun Wang, Ding talked about how China is currently combating with air pollution.

scholarly journals Nanotechnology development in China: challenges and opportunities

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Qiu
Keyword(s):  
High Energy Physics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Molecular Assembly ◽  
Major Player ◽  
Chinese Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Peking University ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Nanoscience And Technology

Abstract China has invested heavily in nanotechnology in the past decades. It's one of the key areas of focus in the medium and long-term scientific programmes between 2006 and 2020. In 2012, the country also launched a Strategic Pioneering Programme on nanotechnology, which has a budget of one billion yuan (US$152 million) over five years and is led by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in Beijing. As a result of this long-term investment, China is now a major player in nanotechnology, ranking first worldwide in terms of the number of scientific papers and patents. At the Sixth International Conference on Nanoscience and Technology—which was held in Beijing on 3–5 September, 2015—Chunli Bai, President of CAS and Editor-in-Chief of National Science Review (NSR), shared a platform with another five leading scientists, where they discussed recent progress of nanotechnology in China, the potential impact of nanoparticles on public health, as well as challenges and opportunities ahead. Chunli Bai (Chair) President of Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing Minghua Liu An expert on nano materials and molecular assembly and Director of National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, China, in Beijing Zhongfan Liu An expert on nanochemistry and graphene at Peking University Chen Wang An expert on nanomicroscopy and nanomedicine and Deputy Director of National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, China, in Beijing Peidong Yang An expert on nanomaterials and their application in energy research at the University of California at Berkeley, USA Yuliang Zhao An expert on nanomedicine and nanosafety at National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, China, and Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of High Energy Physics

scholarly journals Research and development of artificial intelligence in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 538-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Machine Perception ◽  
Learning Machines ◽  
Chinese Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The World ◽  
Peking University ◽  
Set Up ◽  
World Champion ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Abstract This year saw several milestones in the development of artificial intelligence. In March, AlphaGo, a computer algorithm developed by Google's London-based company, DeepMind, beat the world champion Lee Sedol at Go, an ancient Chinese board game. In October, the same company unveiled in the journal Nature its latest technique that allows a machine to solve tasks that require logic and reasoning, such as finding its way around the London Underground using a map it has never seen before. Such progress in recent years has provided significant impetus to developing cutting-edge learning machines around the world, including China. In 2015, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) set up the Centre for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology—a consortium of laboratories from more than 20 CAS institutes and universities. Early this year, China rolled out the China Brain Project, a fifteen-year programme that will focus on brain mapping, neurological diseases and brain-inspired artificial intelligence. In a forum chaired by National Science Review's Executive Associative Editor, Mu-ming Poo, who also leads the CAS centre for excellence and the China Brain Project, several researchers discussed China's latest initiatives and progress in artificial intelligence, where the future lies and what the main challenges are. Yunji Chen Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Tieniu Tan Institute of Automation, Deputy President of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Yi Zeng Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Hongbin Zha Director of Key Lab of Machine Perception (MOE), Peking University, Beijing Mu-ming Poo (Chair) Director of Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai

scholarly journals Drug discovery in China: challenges and opportunities

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 768-773
Author(s):  
Ling Wang
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Generic Drugs ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Chinese Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Peking University ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Beijing China

Abstract Human history is also a chronicle of battling against diseases. Thanks to the rapid advancement of life science and biotechnologies such as gene editing and deep sequencing, recent decades have seen more and more untreatable illnesses on the verge of being conquered. However, an efficient drug-innovation system involves multiple driving forces—policy stimulation and commercial interests play important roles, besides advances in science and technology. Therefore, establishing the synergism among various driving forces is essential for new drug discovery and development. As the most populous country in the world, China has the largest population of a broad spectrum of diseases, offering a unique environment for research and development in biomedicine and disease therapies. Although most pharmaceutical companies in China have been focused on making generic drugs in the past, some efforts in developing first-in-class drugs are paying off, especially in the small-molecule drugs. What are the emerging trends in drug discovery? What does Artificial Intelligence (AI) bring to drug development and medical treatments? In the future, how will China take advantage of abundant resources and proactive policies to accelerate drug development? Recently, NSR organized a forum focusing on these issues, with the attendance of five distinguished domestic pharmaceutical scientists. Ke Ding Professor in the College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Jinan, China Shengyong Yang Professor in the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China Zhen Yang Professor in the Department of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China Ao Zhang Professor in the Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China Demin Zhou Professor in the School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China Mu-ming Poo (Chair) Director of the Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Executive Editor-in-Chief of NSR, Shanghai, China

Exchange of delegations between the Royal Society and The U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, 1965

1966 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Vice President ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Mathematics Professor ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Initial Meeting ◽  
Foreign Member

At the invitation of the President of the Royal Society, a delegation from the U. S. S. R. Academy of Sciences, led by its President, Academician M. V. Keldysh, visited the United Kingdom from 9 to 27 February 1965. Other members of the delegation were Academician N. N. Semenov, Vice-President, a Foreign Member of the Royal Society; Academician N. M. Sisakyan, Chief Scientific Secretary; Academician N. N. Bogolyubov, Academician-Secretary of the Department of Mathematics; Professor N. F. Krasnov, Dr V. A. Filippov and Mr V. S. Vereshchetin, with Mr S. A.Sokolov and Dr N. A. Plate as interpreters. This visit was to enable Academician Keldysh and his colleagues to meet British scientists and see something of the work being done in universities and institutes in the United Kingdom, and to discuss the working of the Royal Society/U. S. S. R. Academy of Sciences agreement on scientific exchanges which had been in operation since 1956. An initial meeting to greet the delegation took place in the Society’s rooms on 10 February

scholarly journals Higher education and research innovation in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-626
Author(s):  
Jane Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Vice President ◽  
Associate Editor ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
Innovative Capability ◽  
Peking University ◽  
Electronic Engineer ◽  
Higher Education In China ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Abstract China places a great emphasis on boosting its innovative capability, which it says is key to meeting the challenges in economic development and global competition. At the heart of the matter is how the country could produce its own agent of innovation—creative graduates and postgraduates. In a forum chaired by National Science Review's executive associate editor Mu-ming Poo, five panelists from top universities discuss the problems and challenges of higher education in China and in what ways the system needs to be reformed. Yuanfang Chen Physician and Vice Chair of Peking Union Medical College's Expert Committee on Education in Beijing Song Gao Chemist and Vice President of Peking University in Beijing Ke Gong Electronic Engineer and President of Nankai University in Tianjin Yigong Shi Biologist and Dean of Tsinghua University's School of Life Sciences in Beijing Chia-Wei Woo Physicist and Founding President of Hong Kong University of Science and Technology in Hong Kong Mu-ming Poo (Chair) Neuroscientist and Director of Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Neuroscience in Shanghai

scholarly journals China's funding system and research innovation

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Qiu
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Associate Editor ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Total Output ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Chinese Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Peking University ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Tongji University

Abstract In the past decade, China's total expenditure on research and development (R&D) has been increasing by about 20% per year. And the total output of scientific research from China has not failed to impress: a 2011 study by Britain's Royal Society found that, in 2004–08, the country produced 10% of the world's published scientific articles, putting it second after the United States. But a study conducted by the World Bank and China's State Council concluded in the year 2012 that Chinese research quality falls short. It noted that the country produces relatively few high-impact articles, and that the majority of Chinese patents constitute minor novelties rather than genuine innovations. So what has gone wrong? And what needs to be changed to spur innovation in China significantly? In a forum organized by National Science Review, its executive associate editor Mu-ming Poo asked four leading scientists in China. Yadong Li Chemist of Tsinghua University in Beijing (Courtesy of Yadong Li) Yi Rao Biologist of Peking University in Beijing (Courtesy of Yi Rao) Dingsheng Wang Physicist of Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing (Courtesy of Dingsheng Wang) Pinxian Wang Geologist of Tongji University in Shanghai (Courtesy of Pinxian Wang) Mu-ming Poo (Chair) Neuroscientist of Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai (Courtesy of Mu-ming Poo)

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