Platinum Nanowire Based Electrodes with Boosted Catalyst Utilization for Efficient Hydrogen Production in PEM Electrolyzer Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol MA2021-02 (41) ◽  
pp. 1272-1272
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Xie ◽  
Shule Yu ◽  
Gaoqiang Yang ◽  
Kui Li ◽  
Lei Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Pem Electrolyzer ◽  
Catalyst Utilization

Auto-Tuning Control of PEM Water Electrolyzer

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Keow ◽  
Zheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Hydrogen Production Rate ◽  
Relay Feedback ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Pem Electrolyzer ◽  
Auto Tuning

Abstract Proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers with the ability to produce gases at a pressure suitable for direct metal hydride storage are desirable because they do not require the use of compressors and other auxiliary components. Direct storage into metal hydride cylinders is made feasible when the pressure and flow rate of hydrogen is controlled. The nonlinear dynamics of the PEM electrolyzer change with temperature and pressure, both of which change with the hydrogen production rate, and are thus difficult to estimate. Therefore, a model-free, relay-feedback, auto-tuning approach is used to tune a proportional integral (PI) controller. This allows for the determination of the voltage supply to the electrolyzer by tracking the current set-point and correlating it to the hydrogen production rate. A gain scheduling approach is used to record the tuned controller’s parameters at different set-points, minimizing the frequency of tuning the device. A self-assessment test is used to determine situations where the auto-tuner should activate to update the PI parameters, thus, allowing for the system to operate without supervision. The auto-tuning PI control is successfully tested with a PEM electrolyzer setup. Experimental results showed that an auto-tuner can tune the controller parameters and produce favorable transient behaviors, allowing for a degree of adaptability for variations in system set-points.

Modeling Solar Impacts on Hydrogen Production From Electrolysis

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Campbell ◽  
Sachin S. Deshmukh ◽  
Robert F. Boehm ◽  
Rick Hurt
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Filling Station ◽  
Southern Nevada ◽  
Pem Electrolyzer ◽  
Exchange Membrane

A model is presented to simulate the energy production from a solar photovoltaic (PV) array in Southern Nevada and its energy produced for hydrogen production at a hydrogen filling station. A solar PV array composed of four single axis tracking units provides power to a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolyzer, which produces hydrogen that is stored on site for use in hydrogen converted vehicles. The model provides the ability to predict possible hydrogen production at the site, as well as the amount of hydrogen required to sustain a prescribed level of vehicle usage. Together, these results made it possible to determine the energy required to produce sufficient hydrogen to sustain the vehicles, and the percentage of that energy generated by the solar PV array. For an average year in Las Vegas and a travel requirement of 57 miles/day, this percentage was found to be 33 percent. This simulation has the potential to be modified for different locations, array size, amount of storage, or usage requirement.

Multi Objective Optimization of Direct Coupling Photovoltaic-Electrolyzer Systems Using Imperialist Competitive Algorithm

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Maroufmashat ◽  
Farid Sayedin ◽  
Sourena Sattari
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Imperialist Competitive Algorithm ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Competitive Algorithm ◽  
Pem Electrolyzer

Photovoltaic-electrolyzer systems are one of the most promising alternatives for obtaining hydrogen from a renewable energy source. Determining size and the operational conditions are always a key issue while coupling directly renewable electricity sources to PEM electrolyzer. In this research, the multi objective optimization approach based on an imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA), which is employed to optimize the size and the operating conditions of a directly coupled photovoltaic (PV)-PEM electrolyzer. This allows the optimization of the system by considering two different objectives, including, minimization of energy transfer loss and maximization of hydrogen generation. Multi objective optimization of PV/EL system predicts a maximum hydrogen production of 7930 gr/yr for energy transfer loss of 16.48 kWh/yr and minimum energy transfer loss of 5.21 kWh/yr at a hydrogen production rate of 7760 gr/yr for a the given location and the PV module.

Hydrogen Production From a PV/PEM Electrolyzer System Using a Neural-Network-Based MPPT Algorithm

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd El-Shafy A. Nafeh
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Production System ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Pure Hydrogen ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Pem Electrolyzer ◽  
Power Point

The electrolysis of water using a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzer is a very vital and efficient method of producing hydrogen (H2). The performance of this method can be significantly improved if a photovoltaic (PV) array, with maximum-power-point (MPP) tracker, is utilized as an energy source for the electrolyzer. This paper suggests a stand-alone PV/PEM electrolyzer system to produce pure hydrogen. The paper also develops the different mathematical models for each constituent subsystem. Moreover, the paper develops the suitable maximum-power-point tracking algorithm that is based upon utilizing the neural network. This algorithm is utilized together with the action of the PI controller to improve the performance of the suggested stand-alone PV/PEM electrolyzer system through maximizing the hydrogen production rate for every instant. Finally, the suggested hydrogen production system is simulated using the Matlab/Simulink and neural network toolbox. The simulation results of the system indicate the improved relative performance of the suggested hydrogen production system compared with the traditional case of direct connection between the PV array and the PEM electrolyzer.

scholarly journals Levelised cost of hydrogen production in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
I.Ch. Leshchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Load Factor ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Pem Electrolyzer ◽  
The Cost

The overview of decarbonization technologies of the gas industry, particularly Power-to-Gas technologies using renewable or excess electricity to produce hydrogen via water electrolysis is presented. Also, a comparative analysis of the main types of electrolyzers for hydrogen production – alkaline and with proton exchange membrane (PEM) is presented, and the conclusion that the PEM electrolyzers using renewable electricity is advisable for implementation in Ukraine. A comparative analysis of available most reasonable data sources regarding estimates of "green" hydrogen production cost is presented. The article also presents the mathematical formulations for levelised hydrogen production cost calculation and input data for calculation. The input data were obtained based on cited sources and own estimations taking into account Ukrainian specific conditions, i.e. PEM electrolyzer operating conditions. The results of the own calculation and ones performed by the cited authors are given. The results of the calculations showed that the key initial parameters that affect the cost of hydrogen production in Ukraine, as in other countries, are capital costs, the cost of electricity, and the electrolyzer load factor. The increase of load factor decreasing levelised cost of hydrogen production, which is important to account for the design of hydrogen production facility. In particular, the production cost of hydrogen using PEM electrolyzer could be reduced from 15.73 $ US/kg H2 to 7.34 $ USA/kg H2 if electricity supplied by NPP at night at "night tariff" will be used instead of electricity from the photovoltaic plant. The results of calculations showed that the obtained hydrogen production costs in Ukraine for both cases - the use of electricity from renewables and from the grid are comparable to European estimates of the hydrogen production costs. Keywords: decarbonization, gas industry, electrolyzer, hydrogen production, weighted-average levelised cost

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