Bee bread mitigates down-regulation of steroidogenic genes, decreased spermatogenesis, and epididymal oxidative stress in male rats fed with high-fat diet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Bagi Suleiman ◽  
Ainul Bahiya Abu Bakar ◽  
Mahanem Mat Noor ◽  
Victor Udo Nna ◽  
Zaidatul Akmal Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone Receptor ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Enzyme ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Bee Bread ◽  
Steroidogenic Genes

Background: The pituitary-gonadal axis plays an important role in steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis and by extension, fertility. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective role of bee bread, which is a natural bee product, against obesity-induced decreases in steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis. Methods: Thirty-two adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing between 200-300 g were divided into four groups (n=8/group), namely: normal control (NC), high-fat diet (HFD), HFD plus bee bread administered concurrently for 12 weeks (HFD+B), HFD plus orlistat administered concurrently for 12 weeks (HFD+O) groups. Bee bread (0.5 g/kg) or Orlistat (10 mg/kg/day) was suspended in distilled water and given by oral gavage daily for 12 weeks. Results: Levels of follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone testosterone, and adiponectin, as well as sperm count, motility, viability, normal morphology and epididymal antioxidants decreased whereas levels of leptin and malondialdehyde, and sperm nDNA fragmentation increased significantly in HFD group relative to NC group. There were significant decreases in the testicular mRNA transcript and protein levels of androgen receptor, luteinizing hormone receptor, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, cytochrome P450 enzyme, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) and 17β-HSD in the testes of the HFD group. Further, mount latency, mount frequency, intromission, ejaculation, penile iNOS and cGMP levels deceased significantly in the HFD group. Supplementation with bee bread significantly reduced leptin level and increased adiponectin level, enhanced sperm parameters and reduced sperm nDNA fragmentation, upregulated the levels of steroidogenic genes and proteins in HFD-induced obese male rats. Discussion and Conclusion: Bee bread improved spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis by upregulating steroidogenic genes. Therefore, bee bread may be considered as a potential supplementation to protect against infertility in overweight or obese men.

scholarly journals Common and specific effects of the two major forms of prolactin in the rat testis

2007 ◽  
Vol 293 (6) ◽  
pp. E1795-E1803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valencia L. Williams ◽  
Ariel DeGuzman ◽  
Hong Dang ◽  
Mitsumori Kawaminami ◽  
Timothy W. C. Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Fas Ligand ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone Receptor ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Specific Effects

Prolactin (PRL) has both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on testicular function, a finding we hypothesized may be related in some part to the form of the hormone present or administered. In the analysis of the pituitary secretion profiles of early pubescent vs. mature male rats, we found PRL released from early pubescent pituitaries had about twice the degree of phosphorylation. Treatment of mature males with either unmodified PRL (U-PRL) or phosphorylated PRL (via the molecular mimic S179D PRL) for a period of 4 wk (circulating level of ∼50 ng/ml) showed serum testosterone decreased by ∼35% only by treatment with the phospho-mimic S179D PRL. Given the specificity of this effect, it was initially surprising that both forms of PRL decreased testicular expression of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein. Both forms also increased expression of the luteinizing hormone receptor, but only S179D PRL increased the ratio of short to long PRL receptors. Endogenous PRL and luteinizing hormone levels were unchanged in all groups in this time frame, suggesting that effects on steroidogenic gene expression were directly on the testis. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end-labeling analysis combined with staining for 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and morphometric analysis showed that S179D PRL, but not U-PRL, increased apoptosis of Leydig cells, a finding supported by increased staining for Fas and Fas ligand in the testicular interstitium, providing an explanation for the specific effect on testosterone. S179D PRL, but not U-PRL, also increased apoptosis of primary spermatogonia, and U-PRL, but not S179D PRL, decreased apoptosis of elongating spermatids. Thus, in mature males, hyperprolactinemic levels of both forms of PRL have common effects on steroidogenic proteins, but specific effects on the apoptosis of Leydig and germ cells.

scholarly journals Effects of Diet-Induced Obesity on Hypothalamic Kisspeptin-Neurokinin-Dynorphin (KNDy) Neurons and Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Sex Hormone-Primed Male and Female Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A537-A537
Author(s):  
Shiori Minabe ◽  
Kinuyo Iwata ◽  
Hitoshi Ozawa
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Neurokinin B ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Kndy Neurons

Abstract Metabolic stress resulting from a nutrient excess causes infertility in both sexes. Kisspeptin-neurokinin B-dynorphin (KNDy) neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) have been suggested to be key players in reproduction via direct stimulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and subsequent gonadotropin release in mammalian species. In this study, we investigated the sex differences in the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) on KNDy-associated gene expression in the ARC to determine the pathogenic mechanism underlying obesity-induced infertility. Wistar-Imamichi strain male and female rats (7 weeks of age) were fed either a standard diet (10% calories from fat) or high-fat diet (45% calories from fat) for 4 months. In male rats, the HFD caused a significant suppression of Kiss1(encoding kisspeptin), Tac3(encoding neurokinin B), and Pdyn(encoding dynorphin A) gene expression in the ARC, resulting in a decrease in plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. In female rats, 58% of the HFD-fed female rats exhibited irregular estrous cycles, while the other rats showed regular cycles. LH pulses were found, and the numbers of ARC Kiss1-,Tac3-, and Pdyn-expressing cells were high in control animals and almost allHFD-fed female rats, but two out of 10 rats showed profound HFD-induced suppression of LH pulse frequency and reduction in these cells. No statistical differences in LH secretion or ARC KNDy gene expression were observed between HFD-fed and control female rats. Additionally, the number of Gnrh1-expressing cells in the preoptic area was comparable between the groups in both sexes. Our findings revealed that HFD-fed male rats showed KNDy-dependent infertility, while irregular menstruation was mainly induced by KNDy-independent pathways during the incipient stage of obese infertility in female rats. Taken together, hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons in male rats may be susceptible to HFD-induced obesity compared with those in female rats.

Caloric restriction following early-life high fat-diet feeding represses skeletal muscle TNF in male rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 108598
Author(s):  
Diego Hernández-Saavedra ◽  
Laura Moody ◽  
Xinyu Tang ◽  
Zachary J. Goldberg ◽  
Alex P. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
High Fat

scholarly journals Effects of a Mixed Limosilactobacillus fermentum Formulation with Claimed Probiotic Properties on Cardiometabolic Variables, Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Male Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2202
Author(s):  
Micaelle Oliveira de Luna Freire ◽  
Luciana Caroline Paulino do Nascimento ◽  
Kataryne Árabe Rimá de Oliveira ◽  
Alisson Macário de Oliveira ◽  
Thiago Henrique Napoleão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

High-fat diet (HFD) consumption has been linked to dyslipidemia, low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress. This study investigated the effects of a mixed formulation with Limosilactobacillusfermentum 139, L. fermentum 263 and L. fermentum 296 on cardiometabolic parameters, fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) contents and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in colon and heart tissues of male rats fed an HFD. Male Wistar rats were grouped into control diet (CTL, n = 6), HFD (n = 6) and HFD with L. fermentum formulation (HFD-Lf, n = 6) groups. The L.fermentum formulation (1 × 109 CFU/mL of each strain) was administered twice a day for 4 weeks. After a 4-week follow-up, biochemical parameters, fecal SCFA, cytokines and oxidative stress variables were evaluated. HFD consumption caused hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, low-grade inflammation, reduced fecal acetate and propionate contents and increased biomarkers of oxidative stress in colon and heart tissues when compared to the CTL group. Rats receiving the L. fermentum formulation had reduced hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia, but similar SCFA contents in comparison with the HFD group (p < 0.05). Rats receiving the L. fermentum formulation had increased antioxidant capacity throughout the colon and heart tissues when compared with the control group. Administration of a mixed L. fermentum formulation prevented hyperlipidemia, inflammation and oxidative stress in colon and heart tissues induced by HFD consumption.

scholarly journals Maternal separation enhances anticontractile perivascular adipose tissue function in male rats on a high-fat diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (6) ◽  
pp. R1085-R1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Analia S. Loria ◽  
Frank T. Spradley ◽  
Ijeoma E. Obi ◽  
Bryan K. Becker ◽  
Carmen De Miguel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Maternal Separation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue

Clinical studies have shown that obesity negatively impacts large arteries’ function. We reported that rats exposed to maternal separation (MatSep), a model of early life stress, display enhanced angiotensin II (ANG II)-induced vasoconstriction in aortic rings cleaned of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) under normal diet (ND) conditions. We hypothesized that exposure to MatSep promotes a greater loss of PVAT-mediated protective effects on vascular function and loss of blood pressure (BP) rhythm in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) when compared with controls. MatSep was performed in male Wistar-Kyoto rats from days 2 to 14 of life. Normally reared littermates served as controls. On ND, aortic rings from MatSep rats with PVAT removed showed increased ANG II-mediated vasoconstriction versus controls; however, rings from MatSep rats with intact PVAT displayed blunted constriction. This effect was exacerbated by an HFD in both groups; however, the anticontractile effect of PVAT was greater in MatSep rats. Acetylcholine-induced relaxation was similar in MatSep and control rats fed an ND, regardless of the presence of PVAT. HFD impaired aortic relaxation in rings without PVAT from MatSep rats, whereas the presence of PVAT improved relaxation in both groups. On an HFD, immunolocalization of vascular smooth muscle-derived ANG-(1–7) and PVAT-derived adiponectin abundances were increased in MatSep. In rats fed an HFD, 24-h BP and BP rhythms were similar between groups. In summary, MatSep enhanced the ability of PVAT to blunt the heightened ANG II-induced vasoconstriction and endothelial dysfunction in rats fed an HFD. This protective effect may be mediated via the upregulation of vasoprotective factors within the adipovascular axis.

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