scholarly journals Approaches for quantifying energy intake and %calorie restriction during calorie restriction interventions in humans: the multicenter CALERIE study

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (4) ◽  
pp. E441-E448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan B. Racette ◽  
Sai Krupa Das ◽  
Manjushri Bhapkar ◽  
Evan C. Hadley ◽  
Susan B. Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Calorie Restriction ◽  
Reliable Estimate ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Energy Stores ◽  
Assessment Time

Calorie restriction (CR) is a component of most weight loss interventions and a potential strategy to slow aging. Accurate determination of energy intake and %CR is critical when interpreting the results of CR interventions; this is most accurately achieved using the doubly labeled water method to quantify total energy expenditure (TEE). However, the costs and analytical requirements of this method preclude its repeated use in many clinical trials. Our aims were to determine 1) the optimal TEE assessment time points for quantifying average energy intake and %CR during long-term CR interventions and 2) the optimal approach for quantifying short-term changes in body energy stores to determine energy intake and %CR during 2-wk DLW periods. Adults randomized to a CR intervention in the multicenter CALERIE study underwent measurements of TEE by doubly labeled water and body composition at baseline and months 1, 3, and 6. Average %CR achieved during the intervention was 24.9 ± 8.7%, which was computed using an approach that included four TEE assessment time points (i.e., TEEbaseline, months 1, 3, and 6) plus the 6-mo change in body composition. Approaches that included fewer TEE assessments yielded %CR values of 23.4 ± 9.0 (TEEbaseline, months 3 and 6), 25.0 ± 8.7 (TEEbaseline, months 1 and 6), and 20.9 ± 7.1% (TEEbaseline, month 6); the latter approach differed significantly from approach 1 ( P < 0.001). TEE declined 9.6 ± 9.9% within 2–4 wk of CR beginning and then stabilized. Regression of daily home weights provided the most reliable estimate of short-term change in energy stores. In summary, optimal quantification of energy intake and %CR during weight loss necessitates a TEE measurement within the first month of CR to capture the rapid reduction in TEE.

scholarly journals Appetite Control Might not Be Improved after Weight Loss in Adolescents with Obesity, Despite Non-Persistent Metabolic Syndrome

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3885
Author(s):  
Valérie Julian ◽  
Laurie Isacco ◽  
Marwa Khammassi ◽  
Alicia Fillon ◽  
Maud Miguet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention ◽  
Appetite Control ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Before And After

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a multidisciplinary weight loss intervention on energy intake and appetite sensations in adolescents with obesity, depending on the initial diagnosis or persistence of the metabolic syndrome. Ninety-two adolescents with obesity (12–15 years) followed a 16-week multidisciplinary weight loss intervention. Anthropometric and body composition characteristics, metabolic profile, ad libitum daily energy intake, and appetite sensations were assessed before and after the intervention. The presence of metabolic syndrome (MS) was determined at baseline (MS vs. non-MS) and after the program (persistent vs. non-persistent). While the intervention was effective in inducing weight loss (body weight T0: 87.1 ± 14.9 vs. T1: 81.2 ± 13.0 kg; p < 0.001) and body composition improvements in both adolescents with and without MS, energy intake (p = 0.07), hunger (p = 0.008), and prospective food consumption (p = 0.03) increased, while fullness decreased (p = 0.04) in both groups. Energy intake and appetite were not improved in non-persistent MS after the program and remained significantly higher among non-persistent adolescents compared with initially non-MS adolescents. To conclude, appetite control seems impaired in obese adolescents, irrespective of being affected by MS or not, whereas the treatment of MS in this population might fail to effectively preclude the adolescents from potential post-intervention compensatory food intake and subsequent weight regain.

Body composition assessment in extreme obesity and after massive weight loss induced by gastric bypass surgery

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (6) ◽  
pp. E1080-E1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sai Krupa Das ◽  
Susan B. Roberts ◽  
Joseph J. Kehayias ◽  
Jack Wang ◽  
L. K. George Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Extreme Obesity ◽  
Body Composition Assessment ◽  
Air Displacement Plethysmography ◽  
Time Points ◽  
3C Model

Body composition methods were examined in 20 women [body mass index (BMI) 48.7 ± 8.8 kg/m2] before and after weight loss [−44.8 ± 14.6 (SD) kg] after gastric bypass (GBP) surgery. The reference method, a three-compartment (3C) model using body density by air displacement plethysmography and total body water (TBW) by H2 18O dilution (3C-H2 18O), showed a decrease in percent body fat (%BF) from 51.4 to 34.6%. Fat-free mass hydration was significantly higher than the reference value (0.738) in extreme obesity (0.756; P < 0.001) but not after weight reduction (0.747; P = 0.16). %BF by H2 18O dilution and air displacement plethysmography differed significantly from %BF by 3C-H2 18O in extreme obesity ( P< 0.05) and 3C models using 2H2O or bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to determine TBW improved mean %BF estimates over most other methods at both time points. BIA results varied with the equation used, but BIA better predicted %BF than did BMI at both time points. All methods except BIA using the Segal equation were comparable to the reference method for determining changes over time. A simple 3C model utilizing air displacement plethysmography and BIA is useful for clinical evaluation in this population.

Whole body and regional body composition changes following 10-day hypoxic confinement and unloading–inactivity

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadej Debevec ◽  
Adam C. McDonnell ◽  
Ian A. Macdonald ◽  
Ola Eiken ◽  
Igor B. Mekjavic
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Short Term ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Regional Body Composition ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Composition Changes

Future planetary habitats will expose inhabitants to both reduced gravity and hypoxia. This study investigated the effects of short-term unloading and normobaric hypoxia on whole body and regional body composition (BC). Eleven healthy, recreationally active, male participants with a mean (SD) age of 24 (2) years and body mass index of 22.4 (3.2) kg·m−2 completed the following 3 10-day campaigns in a randomised, cross-over designed protocol: (i) hypoxic ambulatory confinement (HAMB; FIO2 = 0.147 (0.008); PIO2 = 93.8 (0.9) mm Hg), (ii) hypoxic bed rest (HBR; FIO2 = 0.147 (0.008); PIO2 = 93.8 (0.9) mm Hg), and (iii) normoxic bed rest (NBR; FIO2 = 0.209; PIO2 = 133.5 (0.7) mm Hg). Nutritional requirements were individually precalculated and the actual intake was monitored throughout the study protocol. Body mass, whole body, and regional BC were assessed before and after the campaigns using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The calculated daily targeted energy intake values were 2071 (170) kcal for HBR and NBR and 2417 (200) kcal for HAMB. In both HBR and NBR campaigns the actual energy intake was within the targeted level, whereas in the HAMB the intake was lower than targeted (–8%, p < 0.05). Body mass significantly decreased in all 3 campaigns (–2.1%, –2.8%, and –2.0% for HAMB, HBR, and NBR, respectively; p < 0.05), secondary to a significant decrease in lean mass (–3.8%, –3.8%, –4.3% for HAMB, HBR, and NBR, respectively; p < 0.05) along with a slight, albeit not significant, increase in fat mass. The same trend was observed in the regional BC regardless of the region and the campaign. These results demonstrate that, hypoxia per se, does not seem to alter whole body and regional BC during short-term bed rest.

scholarly journals Energy Intake as a Short‐Term Biomarker for Weight Loss in Adults with Obesity Receiving Liraglutide: A Randomized Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi R. Saxena ◽  
Anindita Banerjee ◽  
Karen D. Corbin ◽  
Stephanie A. Parsons ◽  
Steven R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Short Term

scholarly journals Effect of Thoracic Gas Volume Changes on Body Composition Assessed by Air Displacement Plethysmography after Rapid Weight Loss and Regain in Elite Collegiate Wrestlers

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emi Kondo ◽  
Keisuke Shiose ◽  
Yosuke Yamada ◽  
Takuya Osawa ◽  
Hiroyuki Sagayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition Assessment ◽  
Air Displacement Plethysmography ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Thoracic Gas Volume ◽  
Gas Volume

We investigated the effect of rapid weight loss (RWL) and weight regain (WR) on thoracic gas volume (VTG) and body composition assessment using air displacement plethysmography (ADP) in male wrestlers. Eight male elite collegiate wrestlers completed a RWL regimen (6% of body mass) over a 53-h period, which was followed by a 13-h WR period. ADP was used at three time points (baseline (T1), post-RWL (T2) and post-WR (T3)) according to the manufacturer’s testing recommendations. The total body water and bone mineral content were estimated using the stable isotope dilution method and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, respectively, at the same time points. Body composition was assessed with two-component (2C) or four-component (4C) models using either the measured VTG (mVTG) or predicted VTG (pVTG). Measured VTG increased from T1 to T2 (0.36 ± 0.31 L, p < 0.05) and decreased from T2 to T3 (−0.29 ± 0.15 L, p < 0.01). However, the changes in fat mass and fat free mass, which were calculated by both 2C and 4C models, were not significantly different when compared between calculations using mVTG and those using pVTG. Our results indicate that VTG significantly changes during RWL and WR, but both measured and predicted VTG can be used to assess changes in body composition during RWL and WR.

Effect of HIIT versus MICT on body composition and energy intake in dietary restrained and unrestrained adolescents with obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maud Miguet ◽  
Nicole S. Fearnbach ◽  
Lore Metz ◽  
Marwa Khammassi ◽  
Valérie Julian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Unrestrained Eaters ◽  
The Impact

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been suggested as an effective alternative to traditional moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) that can yield improvements in a variety of health outcomes. Yet, despite the urgent need to find effective strategies for the treatment of pediatric obesity, only a few studies have addressed the impact of HIIT on eating behaviors and body composition in this population. This study aimed to compare the effect of HIIT versus MICT on eating behaviors in adolescents with obesity and to assess if the participants’ baseline dietary status is associated with the success of the intervention. Forty-three adolescents with obesity were randomly assigned to a 16-week MICT or HIIT intervention. Body composition and 24-h ad libitum energy intake were assessed at baseline and at the end of the program. Restrained eating, emotional eating, and external eating were assessed using the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire at baseline. Both interventions led to significant weight, body mass index (BMI), and fat mass percentage (FM%) reductions, with better improvements in FM% in the HIIT group; whereas 24-h ad libitum energy intake increased to a similar extent in both groups. HIIT provides better body composition improvements over MICT, despite a similar increase in energy intake. Restrained eaters experienced less weight loss and smaller BMI reduction compared with unrestrained eaters; higher baseline cognitively restrained adolescents showed a greater increase of their ad libitum energy intake. Novelty HIIT favors better body composition improvements compared with MICT. Both MICT and HIIT increased ad libitum energy intake in adolescents with obesity. Weight loss achievement is better among unrestrained eaters.

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