scholarly journals Glucose uptake and lipid metabolism are impaired in epicardial adipose tissue from heart failure patients with or without diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 310 (7) ◽  
pp. E550-E564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Burgeiro ◽  
Amelia Fuhrmann ◽  
Sam Cherian ◽  
Daniel Espinoza ◽  
Ivana Jarak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Heart Failure Patients ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disease, and cardiovascular disease is a leading complication of diabetes. Epicardial adipose tissue surrounding the heart displays biochemical, thermogenic, and cardioprotective properties. However, the metabolic cross-talk between epicardial fat and the myocardium is largely unknown. This study sought to understand epicardial adipose tissue metabolism from heart failure patients with or without diabetes. We aimed to unravel possible differences in glucose and lipid metabolism between human epicardial and subcutaneous adipocytes and elucidate the potential underlying mechanisms involved in heart failure. Insulin-stimulated [14C]glucose uptake and isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis were measured in isolated epicardial and subcutaneous adipocytes. The expression of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism was analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in adipocytes. In addition, epicardial and subcutaneous fatty acid composition was analyzed by high-resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The difference between basal and insulin conditions in glucose uptake was significantly decreased ( P = 0.006) in epicardial compared with subcutaneous adipocytes. Moreover, a significant ( P < 0.001) decrease in the isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis was also observed when the two fat depots were compared, and it was strongly correlated with lipolysis, lipid storage, and inflammation-related gene expression. Moreover, the fatty acid composition of these tissues was significantly altered by diabetes. These results emphasize potential metabolic differences between both fat depots in the presence of heart failure and highlight epicardial fat as a possible therapeutic target in situ in the cardiac microenvironment.

scholarly journals EPICARDIAL ADIPOSE TISSUE EVALUATED BY CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE PREDICTS ADVERSE OUTCOMES IN HEART FAILURE PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 1080
Author(s):  
Reza Mohebi ◽  
Carlos Santos-Gallego ◽  
Darian de Luna ◽  
Kenny Daici ◽  
Juan Antonio Requena Ibanez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Heart Failure Patients

scholarly journals Lipid metabolism in women

2004 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Fat Depots

Differences in whole-body lipid metabolism between men and women are indicated by lower-body fat accumulation in women but more marked accumulation of fat in the intra-abdominal visceral fat depots of men. Circulating blood lipid concentrations also show gender-related differences. These differences are most marked in premenopausal women, in whom total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations are lower and HDL-cholesterol concentration is higher than in men. Tendency to accumulate body fat in intra-abdominal fat stores is linked to increased risk of CVD, metabolic syndrome, diabetes and other insulin-resistant states. Differential regional regulation of adipose tissue lipolysis and lipogenesis must underlie gender-related differences in the tendency to accumulate fat in specific fat depots. However, empirical data to support current hypotheses remain limited at the present time because of the demanding and specialist nature of the methods used to study adipose tissue metabolism in human subjects. In vitro and in vivo data show greater lipolytic sensitivity of abdominal subcutaneous fat and lesser lipolytic sensitivity of femoral and gluteal subcutaneous fat in women than in men. These differences appear to be due to fewer inhibitory α adrenergic receptors in abdominal regions and greater α adrenergic receptors in gluteal and femoral regions in women than in men. There do not appear to be major gender-related differences in rates of fatty acid uptake (lipogenesis) in different subcutaneous adipose tissue regions. In visceral fat rates of both lipolysis and lipogenesis appear to be greater in men than in women; higher rates of lipolysis may be due to fewer α adrenergic receptors in this fat depot in men. Fatty acid uptake into this depot in the postprandial period is approximately 7-fold higher in men than in women. Triacylglycerol concentrations appear to be a stronger cardiovascular risk factor in women than in men, with particular implications for cardiovascular risk in diabetic women. The increased triacylglycerol concentrations observed in women taking hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) may explain the paradoxical findings of increased rates of CVD in women taking HRT that have been reported from recent primary and secondary prevention trials of HRT.

Comparison of fatty acid composition of subcutaneous, pericardial and epicardial adipose tissue and atrial tissue in patients with heart disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. e118-e119
Author(s):  
R. Bülow Eschen ◽  
J. Gu ◽  
J.J. Andreasen ◽  
A. Andreasen ◽  
S. Lundbye-Christensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Atrial Tissue

scholarly journals Epicardial adipose tissue: an emerging biomarker of cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes?

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 204201882092882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regitse Højgaard Christensen ◽  
Bernt Johan von Scholten ◽  
Louise Lang Lehrskov ◽  
Peter Rossing ◽  
Peter Godsk Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Pericardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Fat Depot

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and heart failure, which highlights the need for improved understanding of factors contributing to the pathophysiology of these complications as they are the leading cause of mortality in T2D. Patients with T2D have high levels of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT). EAT is known to secrete inflammatory factors, lipid metabolites, and has been proposed to apply mechanical stress on the cardiac muscle that may accelerate atherosclerosis, cardiac remodeling, and heart failure. High levels of EAT in patients with T2D have been associated with atherosclerosis, diastolic dysfunction, and incident cardiovascular events, and this fat depot has been suggested as an important link coupling diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. Despite this, the predictive potential of EAT in general, and in patients with diabetes, is yet to be established, and, up until now, the clinical relevance of EAT is therefore limited. Should this link be established, importantly, studies show that this fat depot can be modified both by pharmacological and lifestyle interventions. In this review, we first introduce the role of adipose tissue in T2D and present mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of EAT and pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) in general, and in patients with T2D. Next, we summarize the evidence that these fat depots are elevated in patients with T2D, and discuss whether they might drive the high cardiometabolic risk in patients with T2D. Finally, we discuss the clinical potential of cardiac adipose tissues, address means to target this depot, and briefly touch upon underlying mechanisms and future research questions.

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