Multimodal optical imaging

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (2) ◽  
pp. L269-L280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy Lawler ◽  
William A. Suk ◽  
Bruce R. Pitt ◽  
Claudette M. St. Croix ◽  
Simon C. Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Visual Imaging ◽  
Made In

The recent resurgence of interest in the use of intravital microscopy in lung research is a manifestation of extraordinary progress in visual imaging and optical microscopy. This review evaluates the tools and instrumentation available for a number of imaging modalities, with particular attention to recent technological advances, and addresses recent progress in use of optical imaging techniques in basic pulmonary research. 1 Limitations of existing methods and anticipated future developments are also identified. Although there have also been major advances made in the use of magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and X-ray and computed tomography to image intact lungs and while these technologies have been instrumental in advancing the diagnosis and treatment of patients, the purpose of this review is to outline developing optical methods that can be evaluated for use in basic research in pulmonary biology.

Basics of Imaging Techniques in Evaluation of Soft Tissue Tumors

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Alanna Aherne ◽  
Sinchun Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission

Medical imaging plays a pivotal role in the detection, diagnosis, and clinical management of primary soft tissue tumors. Various imaging modalities have been used, and each modality offers unique advantages in the workup of soft tissue tumors by localizing the lesions in different compartments of the body and characterizing macroscopic tissue composition of the lesions in a noninvasive and safe manner. We review the clinical role and technical aspects of the frequently used imaging modalities, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography, ultrasonography, positron emission tomography, and plain radiography with an emphasis on MRI as a mainstay imaging modality and a brief discussion of advanced techniques. We also review imaging features of common soft tissue tumors that can be detected and characterized using current imaging techniques. This review contains 54 figures, 1 table and 37 references.   Key words: computed tomography, diffusion-weighted imaging, imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, soft tissue, technique, tumor, ultrasonography

Magnetic resonance imaging comes of age

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Razavi ◽  
Edward Baker
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Great Vessels ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Techniques ◽  
Made In

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE heart started in the 1970's, over the subsequent 25 years, enormous advances have been made in both the hardware and software of magnetic resonance imaging machines so that we can now obtain fast, detailed and accurate images of the heart and great vessels. In chronological terms, therefore, we can say that cardiac magnetic resonance imaging has come of age. In this article we will highlight some of the clinical applications of different magnetic resonance imaging techniques, as well as some recent developments. We will demonstrate that, in clinical investigation of congenital heart disease, magnetic resonance imaging has truly come of age.

Current Status and New Developments in Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Detection

2013 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demitrios Tzias ◽  
Elizabeth AM O’Flynn ◽  
Steven D Allen ◽  
A Robin M Wilson ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
X Ray

Despite extensive research into new ways of imaging the breast x-ray mammography and breast ultrasound, supplemented where necessary by magnetic resonance imaging, remain the techniques used for the vast majority of breast imaging for screening and the assessment of symptomatic breast problems. Recent advances in these technologies mean that these three techniques are highly effective for both detecting disease and for confirming normality. X-ray based imaging of the breast has been around now for 100 years but it is only in the last 10 years or so that digital technology developments have allowed for major advances in the efficacy of this technique. Digital breast tomosynthesis is currently the most promising technology as it has the potential to both improve detection of breast cancer and greatly reduce the numbers of false positive events. Technological advances in grey scale high frequency ultrasound imaging mean that it is now universally used in both symptomatic diagnosis and breast screening. Newer ultrasound techniques such as 3D imaging, Doppler analyses and elastography add some additional value but so far none of these has achieved their hoped for additional potential. Magnetic resonance imaging is currently the most sensitive imaging technique for the detection and characterisation of breast disease, but its cost remains a barrier to its more widespread use. Nuclear medicine techniques have a role is special circumstances but are yet to show that they should be used in routine practice. There are a large number of potential alternative new imaging techniques for the breast, but, as yet, none of these have shown any significant benefits over the current techniques. Dedicated breast computed tomography has perhaps the best promise but clinically effective breast imaging at present remains in the application and refinement of recent developments in digital mammography, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging.

Brain Imaging in Functional Mental Disorders

1986 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 675-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor Young ◽  
Peter Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Eeg Topography

The application of brain imaging techniques to psychiatry is reviewed with respect to computerized tomography (CT), EEG topography, positron emission tomography (PET), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). While early computerized tomography studies have suggested structural abnormalities in schizophrenia, more recent studies have shown that most schizophrenics and patients with other disorders have normal CT scans. EEG topography and positron emission tomography have not been evaluated as fully as computerized tomography. However, preliminary studies indicate some functional abnormalities in schizophrenia and affective disorders compared to normal controls. Magnetic resonance imaging shows promise but has had only a limited application to date in psychiatry.

scholarly journals Imaging Diagnosis of a Shoulder Tumor – Case Presentation

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
R. Turcu ◽  
A. Barbilian
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Slow Increase ◽  
Tumor Pathology ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Patient Will

Abstract Introduction. The most common and used molecular imaging techniques used in tumor pathology are the following: optics such as fluoroscopy, bioluminescence, and spectroscopy, radionuclides such as positron emission computed tomography, magnetic resonance with or without contrast substance, ultrasound and computed tomography. Material and method. A 39-year-old male patient accused having a shoulder tumor beginning 6 months before with a slow increase in volume without symptoms, pain, local temperature changes, and neurological phenomena. The clinical examination revealed the presence of an elastic consistency tumor, adherent to the bone but movable in soft adjacent tissues, without spontaneous and palpation pain, and local swelling. There was a slight functional embarrassment in conducting the abduction maneuver, but without limiting the amplitude of the movement. Results. Radiography of the shoulder did not reveal any significant changes. Magnetic resonance imaging of the shoulder and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the shoulder were performed. The evoked changes required a computed tomography of the shoulder. Conclusion. The thorough analysis of the imaging investigations and the clinical, paraclinical, and biological context of the patient will lead to the indication of the treatment and the optimal surgical time.

SAVING LYMPHADENECTOMY IN PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT PROSTATE CANCER AFTER RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Vasilev ◽  
Aleksandr Govorov ◽  
Dmitriy Pushkar
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Recurrent Prostate Cancer ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission

A separate group of patients who underwent radical prostatectomy are patients with isolated recurrence of cancer in lymph nodes limited by regional and/or retroperitoneal lymph nodes. As one method of treatment of this patient group it could be applied lymphadenectomy by open or laparoscopic (robot-assisted) approach. The analysis of literature references indicates an increase of overall survival in this group of patients after lymphadenectomy. Imaging techniques such as multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography allow more accurately identifying lymph nodes damage in patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy.

Advanced Neuroimaging for Modern Epilepsy Surgery

US Neurology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Doris D Wang ◽  
Carlos Santos-Sanchez ◽  
Paul A Garcia ◽  
Edward F Chang ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epilepsy Surgery ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Structural Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ultrahigh Field ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Surgical Evaluation

Localizing the onset of seizures to guide epilepsy surgery can be notoriously difficult. Modern neuroimaging has revolutionized the field by improving the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy. In order to ameliorate seizures without causing new neurologic morbidity, many imaging tools have been developed to guide safe and effective resective surgery. In this article, we discuss recent advances in structural imaging using ultrahigh-field magnetic resonance imaging, metabolic functional imaging techniques of positron emission tomography and single positron emission computed tomography, and electrophysiologic imaging using magnetoencephalography. Our goal is to provide an overview of these state-of-the-art imaging modalities, their role in guiding surgery, and how they are incorporated into the pre-surgical evaluation of epilepsy.

scholarly journals Optical imaging and modulation of neurovascular responses

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 2057-2072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuto Masamoto ◽  
Alberto Vazquez
Keyword(s):  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Transgenic Animal ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
Vascular Networks ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction

The cerebral microvasculature consists of pial vascular networks, parenchymal descending arterioles, ascending venules and parenchymal capillaries. This vascular compartmentalization is vital to precisely deliver blood to balance continuously varying neural demands in multiple brain regions. Optical imaging techniques have facilitated the investigation of dynamic spatial and temporal properties of microvascular functions in real time. Their combination with transgenic animal models encoding specific genetic targets have further strengthened the importance of optical methods for neurovascular research by allowing for the modulation and monitoring of neuro vascular function. Image analysis methods with three-dimensional reconstruction are also helping to understand the complexity of microscopic observations. Here, we review the compartmentalized cerebral microvascular responses to global perturbations as well as regional changes in response to neural activity to highlight the differences in vascular action sites. In addition, microvascular responses elicited by optical modulation of different cell-type targets are summarized with emphasis on variable spatiotemporal dynamics of microvascular responses. Finally, long-term changes in microvascular compartmentalization are discussed to help understand potential relationships between CBF disturbances and the development of neurodegenerative diseases and cognitive decline.

Machine Learning Model for Multi-View Visualization of Medical Images

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitesh Pradhan ◽  
Vijaypal Singh Dhaka ◽  
Geeta Rani ◽  
Himanshu Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Machine Learning Model ◽  
Tomography Scan

Abstract Imaging techniques such as X-ray, computerized tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging are useful in the correct diagnosis of a disease or deformity in the organ. Two-dimensional imaging techniques such as X-ray give a clear picture of simple bone deformity but fail in visualizing multiple fractures in a bone. Moreover, these lack in providing a multi-angle view of a bone. Three-dimensional techniques such as computerized tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging present a correct orientation of fracture geometry. Computerized tomography scan is a collection of multiple slices of an image. These slices provide a fair idea about a fracture but fail in the measurement of correct dimensions of a fractured fragment and to observe its geometry. It also exposes a patient with carcinogenic radiations. Magnetic resonance imaging induces a strong magnetic field. So, it becomes ineffective for organs containing metallic implants. The high cost of three-dimensional imaging techniques makes them inaccessible for economic weaker section of society. The limitations of two- and three-dimensional imaging techniques motivate researchers to propose an innovative machine learning model ‘CT slices to $3$-D convertor’ that accepts multiple slices of an image and yields a multi-dimensional view at all possible angles from 0 degree to 360 degree for an input image.

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