Glucagon-like peptide-1 promotes satiety and reduces food intake in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (5) ◽  
pp. R1541-R1544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Gutzwiller ◽  
Jürgen Drewe ◽  
Burkhard Göke ◽  
Harald Schmidt ◽  
Beat Rohrer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Incretin Hormone ◽  
Visual Analog Scales ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Glucagon-like peptide-1-(7—36) amide (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone of the enteroinsular axis. Recent experimental evidence in animals and healthy subjects suggests that GLP-1 has a role in controlling appetite and energy intake in humans. We have therefore examined in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study in 12 patients with diabetes type 2 the effect of intravenously infused GLP-1 on appetite sensations and energy intake. On 2 days, either saline or GLP-1 (1.5 pmol ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1) was given throughout the experiment. Visual analog scales were used to assess appetite sensations; furthermore, food and fluid intake of a test meal were recorded, and blood was sampled for analysis of plasma glucose and hormone levels. GLP-1 infusion enhanced satiety and fullness compared with placebo ( P = 0.028 for fullness and P = 0.026 for hunger feelings). Energy intake was reduced by 27% by GLP-1 ( P = 0.034) compared with saline. The results demonstrate a marked effect of GLP-1 on appetite by showing enhanced satiety and reduced energy intake in patients with diabetes type 2.

scholarly journals Acute Effects of Lixisenatide on Energy Intake in Healthy Subjects and Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Relationship to Gastric Emptying and Intragastric Distribution

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Jalleh ◽  
Hung Pham ◽  
Chinmay S. Marathe ◽  
Tongzhi Wu ◽  
Madeline D. Buttfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Distal Stomach ◽  
Induce Weight Loss ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
Intragastric Distribution

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists induce weight loss, which has been suggested to relate to the slowing of gastric emptying (GE). In health, energy intake (EI) is more strongly related to the content of the distal, than the total, stomach. We evaluated the effects of lixisenatide on GE, intragastric distribution, and subsequent EI in 15 healthy participants and 15 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Participants ingested a 75-g glucose drink on two separate occasions, 30 min after lixisenatide (10 mcg) or placebo subcutaneously, in a randomised, double-blind, crossover design. GE and intragastric distribution were measured for 180 min followed by a buffet-style meal, where EI was quantified. Relationships of EI with total, proximal, and distal stomach content were assessed. In both groups, lixisenatide slowed GE markedly, with increased retention in both the proximal (p < 0.001) and distal (p < 0.001) stomach and decreased EI (p < 0.001). EI was not related to the content of the total or proximal stomach but inversely related to the distal stomach at 180 min in health on placebo (r = −0.58, p = 0.03) but not in T2D nor after lixisenatide in either group. In healthy and T2D participants, the reduction in EI by lixisenatide is unrelated to changes in GE/intragastric distribution, consistent with a centrally mediated effect.

Risk Factors Associated With Hyperuricemia in Patients with Diabetes Type 2: About 190 Cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Fennoun H ◽  
Haraj NE ◽  
El Aziz S ◽  
Bensbaa S ◽  
Chadli A
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Introduction: Hyperuricemia is common Type 2 diabetes at very high cardiovascular risk. Objective: Evaluate the relationship between hyperuricemia and diabetes type 2, and determine its predictive factors in this population. Patients and Methods: Retrospective study cross including 190 patients with diabetes type 2 hospitalized Service of Endocrinology of CHU Ibn Rushd Casablanca from January 2015 to December 2017. Hyperuricemia was defined as a serum uric acid concentration> 70 mg/L (men) and> 60 mg/L (women). The variables studied were the anthropometric measurements), cardiovascular factors (tobacco, hypertension, dyslipidemia), and degenerative complications (retinopathy, neuropathy, kidney failure, ischemic heart disease). The analyzes were performed by SPSS software. Results: Hyperuricemia was found in 26.5% of patients with a female predominance (76%), an average age of 55.9 years, and an average age of 12.4ans diabetes. The glycemic control was found in 84.6% of cases with mean glycated hemoglobin 8.6%. Factors associated al hyperuricemia were the blood pressure in 86% (p <0.05), dyslipidemia in 76.3% of cases (p <0.001) with hypertriglyceridemia in 48.3% of cases (p <0.02), and a hypoHDLémie 28% (p <0.001). The age, obesity, smoking, and glycemic control were associated significantly n al hyperuricemia. The research of degenerative complications of hyperuricemia has objectified renal impairment (GFR between 15 and 60ml / min) chez47% (p <0.001), it was kind of moderate in 35.8% (p <0.01) and severe in 5.1% (p <0.02), ischemic heart disease was found in 34% of cases (p <0.01). Conclusion: In our study, hyperuricemia in type 2 diabetes is common in female patients, especially with hypertension, dyslipidemia, and renal failure. Other factors such as age, obesity, smoking is not associated with hyperuricemia in type 2 diabetics.

Subcutaneous glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36) amide is insulinotropic and can cause hypoglycaemia in fasted healthy subjects

1998 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 719-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Mark B. EDWARDS ◽  
Jeannie F. TODD ◽  
Mohammad A. GHATEI ◽  
Stephen R. BLOOM
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Gut Hormone ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

1. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36) amide (GLP-1) is a gut hormone released postprandially that stimulates insulin secretion, suppresses glucagon secretion and delays gastric emptying. The insulinotropic action of GLP-1 is more potent under hyperglycaemic conditions. Several published studies have indicated the therapeutic potential of subcutaneous GLP-1 in non-insulin-dependent (Type 2) diabetes mellitus. 2. We investigated whether subcutaneous GLP-1, at a dose shown to improve glycaemic control in early Type 2 diabetes, is insulinotropic at normal fasting glucose concentrations. A double-blind, randomized, crossover study of 10 healthy subjects injected with GLP-1 or saline subcutaneously after a 16 h fast was performed. The effect on cardiovascular parameters was also examined. 3. GLP-1 caused a near 5-fold rise in plasma insulin concentration. After treatment with GLP-1, circulating plasma glucose concentrations fell below the normal range in all subjects. One subject had symptoms of hypoglycaemia after GLP-1. A rise in pulse rate was found which correlated with the fall in plasma glucose concentration. An increase in blood pressure occurred with GLP-1 injection which was seen at the same time as the rise in plasma GLP-1 concentrations. 4. This study indicates that subcutaneous GLP-1 can override the normal homoeostatic mechanism maintaining fasting plasma glucose in man, and is also associated with an increase in blood pressure.

scholarly journals Roux-en-Y gastric bypass increases glycaemic variability and time in hypoglycaemia in patients with obesity and pre-diabetes/type 2 diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibiyemi Ilesanmi ◽  
George Tharakan ◽  
Kleopatra Alexiadou ◽  
Preeshila Behary ◽  
Haya Alessimii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Glucose Measurement ◽  
Glycaemic Variability ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

<b>Objective:</b> Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is an established treatment for type 2 diabetes. The study objective was to establish RYGB’s effects on glycaemic variability (GV) and hypoglycaemia. <p><b>Research Design and Methods:</b> Prospective observational study of 10 participants with pre-diabetes/Type 2 diabetes undergoing RYGB, studied before surgery (Pre), 1 month (1m), 1 year (1y) and 2 years (2y) post-surgery with continuous glucose measurement (CGM). A mixed meal test (MMT) was performed at Pre, 1m and 1y. [ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01945840]</p> <p><b>Results:</b> After RYGB, mean CGM glucose fell (at 1m, 1y and 2y), and GV increased (at 1y and 2y). Fifty percent (5/10) of participants exhibited a percentage time in range <3.0 mmol/L [54 mg/dl] (%TIR<3.0) greater than the consensus target of 1% at 1y or 2y. Peak glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucagon area-under-curve (AUC) during MMT were respectively positively and negatively associated with contemporaneous %TIR<3.0. </p> <b>Conclusions:</b> Patients undergoing RYGB are at risk of developing post-bariatric hypoglycaemia due to a combination of reduced mean glucose, increased GV and increased GLP-1 response.

scholarly journals The Effects of Combined Insulin and Metformin Therapy in Obese Patients with Diabetes Mellits Type 2 in the Early Stage of the Disease

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Belma Aščić - Buturović
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Activity

Combination of insulin and metformin has been shown to improve glycaemic control in clinical trials, particularly in obese patients with diabetes type 2. Insulin therapy can improve function of pancreatic beta cells and periphery insulin activity in target cells in order to enhance glycaemic homeostasis (1, 2, 3). In our study we included obese patients with diabetes type 2 in the early stage of the disease. The study is partially retrospective and partially prospective. The study encompassed 40 patients split in two groups. The first group of 20 patients received insulin therapy combined with metformin, while the patients of the second group were treated with oral antidiabetic drugs, sulfonylureas and metformin. Three months later, the group treated with insulin and metformin showed improvement in the monitored parameters, namely significant reduction in HbA1c (p = 0.003), MFBG (p = 0.0009), PPG (p = 0.028). Insulin therapy administered together with metformin, in obese patients with diabetes type 2, in the early stage of the disease, resulted in well regulated fasting blood glycaemia, as well as post challenge glycaemia and HbA1c.

scholarly journals Glucagon-Like Peptide 1: A Predictor of Type 2 Diabetes?

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Ploug Larsen ◽  
Signe Sørensen Torekov
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Incretin Effect ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Incretin Hormone ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Background. The incretin effect is impaired in patients with type 2 diabetes. Aim. To assess the relation between the incretin hormone GLP-1 and the prediabetic subtypes: impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and the combined IFG/IGT to investigate whether a low GLP-1 response may be a predictor of prediabetes in adults. Method. 298 articles were found using a broad search phrase on the PubMed database and after the assessment of titles and abstracts 19 articles were included. Results and Discussion. Studies assessing i-IFG/IFG and i-IGT/IGT found both increased, unaltered, and reduced GLP-1 levels. Studies assessing IFG/IGT found unaltered or reduced GLP-1 levels. When assessing the five studies with the largest sample size, it clearly suggests a decreased GLP-1 response in IFG/IGT subjects. Several other factors (BMI, glucagon, age, and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA)), including medications (metformin), may also influence the secretion of GLP-1. Conclusion. This review suggests that the GLP-1 response is a variable in prediabetes possibly due to a varying GLP-1-secreting profile during the development and progression of type 2 diabetes or difference in the measurement technique. Longitudinal prospective studies are needed to assess whether a reduced GLP-1 response is a predictor of diabetes.

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