Leg intramuscular pressures during locomotion in humans

1998 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 1976-1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Ballard ◽  
Donald E. Watenpaugh ◽  
Gregory A. Breit ◽  
Gita Murthy ◽  
Daniel C. Holley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Function ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Muscle Force ◽  
Joint Torque ◽  
Heel Strike ◽  
Intramuscular Pressure ◽  
Biphasic Response ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Tissue Deformations

To assess the usefulness of intramuscular pressure (IMP) measurement for studying muscle function during gait, IMP was recorded in the soleus and tibialis anterior muscles of 10 volunteers during treadmill walking and running by using transducer-tipped catheters. Soleus IMP exhibited single peaks during late-stance phase of walking [181 ± 69 (SE) mmHg] and running (269 ± 95 mmHg). Tibialis anterior IMP showed a biphasic response, with the largest peak (90 ± 15 mmHg during walking and 151 ± 25 mmHg during running) occurring shortly after heel strike. IMP magnitude increased with gait speed in both muscles. Linear regression of soleus IMP against ankle joint torque obtained by a dynamometer produced linear relationships ( n = 2, r = 0.97 for both). Application of these relationships to IMP data yielded estimated peak soleus moment contributions of 0.95–1.65 N ⋅ m/kg during walking, and 1.43–2.70 N ⋅ m/kg during running. Phasic elevations of IMP during exercise are probably generated by local muscle tissue deformations due to muscle force development. Thus profiles of IMP provide a direct, reproducible index of muscle function during locomotion in humans.

scholarly journals A Pilot Study of Muscle Force between Normal Shoes and Bionic Shoes during Men Walking and Running Stance Phase Using Opensim

Actuators ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Huiyu Zhou ◽  
Datao Xu ◽  
Wenjing Quan ◽  
Minjun Liang ◽  
Ukadike Chris Ugbolue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Muscle Force ◽  
Statistical Parametric Mapping ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Lateral Gastrocnemius ◽  
Parametric Mapping ◽  
Unstable Shoes ◽  
Hip Extension

The original idea for bionic shoes (BSs) involves combining the function of unstable foot conditions and the structure of the human plantar. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences between the normal shoes (NS) and the BS during the stance phases of walking and running. A total of 15 Chinese males from Ningbo University were recruited for this study (age: 24.3 ± 2.01 years; height: 176.25 ± 7.11 cm, body weight (BW): 75.75 ± 8.35 kg). The participants were asked to perform a walking and running task. Statistical parametric mapping (SPM) analysis was used to investigate any differences between NSs and BSs during the walking and running stance phases. The results demonstrated that there were significant differences found (21.23–28.24%, p = 0.040; 84.47–100%, p = 0.017) in hip extension and flexion between the NS and the BS during the walking stance phase. There were no significant differences found in ankle and moment during the running stance phase. Significant differences were found in the rectus femoris (5.29–6.21%; p = 0.047), tibialis anterior (14.37–16.40%; p = 0.038), and medial gastrocnemius (25.55–46.86%; p < 0.001) between the NS and the BS during the walking stance phase. Significant differences were found in rectus femoris (12.83–13.10%, p = 0.049; 15.89–80.19%, p < 0.001), tibialis anterior (15.85–18.31%, p = 0.039; 21.14–24.71%, p = 0.030), medial gastrocnemius (80.70–90.44%; p = 0.007), and lateral gastrocnemius (11.16–27.93%, p < 0.001; 62.20–65.63%, p = 0.032; 77.56–93.45%, p < 0.001) between the NS and the BS during the running stance phase. These findings indicate that BSs are more efficient for muscle control than unstable shoes and maybe suitable for rehabilitation training.

On the Use of Induced End Effector Force Analysis for Determining Muscle Roles During Movement

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Piazza ◽  
Vladimir M. Zatsiorsky
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Muscle Force ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
The Body ◽  
Joint Torque ◽  
Force Analysis ◽  
End Effector ◽  
Joint Torques ◽  
Muscle Strengthening

It is often of interest in studies of human movement to quantify the function of a muscle force or muscular joint torque. Such information is useful for the identification of the causes of movement disorders and for predicting the effects of interventions including surgical procedures, targeted muscle strengthening, focal treatments for spasticity, and functional electrical stimulation. One useful way to characterize the actions of muscle forces or muscular joint torques is to create linked-segment models of the body and analyze these linkages to determine the joint angular accelerations or end effector forces that result solely from the application of the muscle force or torque in question. Such induced acceleration (IA) analyses or induced end effector force (IEF) analyses have been applied most often to quantify muscle function during normal and pathological walking [1,2].

scholarly journals MM-MRE: a new technique to quantify individual muscle forces during isometric tasks of the wrist using MR elastography

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Zonnino ◽  
Daniel R. Smith ◽  
Peyton L. Delgorio ◽  
Curtis L. Johnson ◽  
Fabrizio Sergi
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Muscle Force ◽  
Muscle Mechanics ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Joint Torque ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Muscle Forces ◽  
Individual Muscle ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
A New Technique

AbstractNon-invasive in-vivo measurement of individual muscle force is limited by the infeasibility of placing force sensing elements in series with the musculo-tendon structures. At the same time, estimating muscle forces using EMG measurements is prone to inaccuracies, as EMG is not always measurable for the complete set of muscles acting around the joints of interest. While new methods based on shear wave elastography have been recently proposed to directly characterize muscle mechanics, they can only be used to measure muscle forces in a limited set of superficial muscles. As such, they are not suitable to study the neuromuscular control of movements that require coordinated action of multiple muscles.In this work, we present multi-muscle magnetic resonance elastography (MM-MRE), a new technique capable of quantifying individual muscle force from the complete set of muscles in the forearm, thus enabling the study of the neuromuscular control of wrist movements. MM-MRE integrates measurements of joint torque provided by an MRI-compatible instrumented handle with muscle-specific measurements of shear wave speed obtained via MRE to quantify individual muscle force using model-based estimator.A single-subject pilot experiment demonstrates the possibility of obtaining measurements from individual muscles and establishes that MM-MRE has sufficient sensitivity to detect changes in muscle mechanics following the application of isometric joint torque with self-selected intensity.

Mechanics of the fast-start: muscle function and the role of intramuscular pressure in the escape behavior of amia calva and polypterus palmas

1998 ◽  
Vol 201 (22) ◽  
pp. 3041-3055 ◽  
Author(s):  
MW Westneat ◽  
ME Hale ◽  
MJ Mchenry ◽  
JH Long
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Escape Response ◽  
Muscle Force ◽  
Escape Behavior ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intramuscular Pressure ◽  
Fast Start ◽  
Amia Calva

The fast-start escape response is a rapid, powerful body motion used to generate high accelerations of the body in virtually all fishes. Although the neurobiology and behavior of the fast-start are often studied, the patterns of muscle activity and muscle force production during escape are less well understood. We studied the fast-starts of two basal actinopterygian fishes (Amia calva and Polypterus palmas) to investigate the functional morphology of the fast-start and the role of intramuscular pressure (IMP) in escape behavior. Our goals were to determine whether IMP increases during fast starts, to look for associations between muscle activity and elevated IMP, and to determine the functional role of IMP in the mechanics of the escape response. We simultaneously recorded the kinematics, muscle activity patterns and IMP of four A. calva and three P. palmas during the escape response. Both species generated high IMPs of up to 90 kPa (nearly 1 atmosphere) above ambient during the fast-start. The two species showed similar pressure magnitudes but had significantly different motor patterns and escape performance. Stage 1 of the fast-start was generated by simultaneous contraction of locomotor muscle on both sides of the body, although electromyogram amplitudes on the contralateral (convex) side of the fish were significantly lower than on the ipsilateral (concave) side. Simultaneous recordings of IMP, escape motion and muscle activity suggest that pressure change is caused by the contraction and radial swelling of cone-shaped myomeres. We develop a model of IMP production that incorporates myomere geometry, the concept of constant-volume muscular hydrostats, the relationship between fiber angle and muscle force, and the forces that muscle fibers produce. The timing profile of pressure change, behavior and muscle action indicates that elevated muscle pressure is a mechanism of stiffening the body and functions in force transmission during the escape response.

scholarly journals H-Reflex Modulation During Walking in Spastic Paretic Subjects

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.F. Yang ◽  
J. Fung ◽  
M. Edamura ◽  
R. Blunt ◽  
R.B. Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Swing Phase ◽  
H Reflex ◽  
Reflex Modulation ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Step Cycle ◽  
Common Pattern ◽  
Slight Depression

ABSTRACT:Hoffmann (H) reflexes were elicited from the soleus muscle during treadmill walking in 21 spastic paretic patients. The soleus and tibialis anterior muscles were reciprocally activated during walking in most patients, much like that observed in healthy individuals. The pattern of H-reflex modulation varied considerably between patients, from being relatively normal in some patients to a complete absence of modulation in others. The most common pattern observed was a lack of H-reflex modulation through the stance phase and slight depression of the reflex in the swing phase, considerably less modulation than that of normal subjects under comparable walking conditions. The high reflex amplitudes during periods of the step cycle such as early stance seems to be related to the stretch-induced large electromyogram bursts in the soleus in some subjects. The abnormally active reflexes appear to contribute to the clonus encountered during walking in these patients. In three patients who were able to walk for extended periods, the effect of stimulus intensity was examined. Two of these patients showed a greater degree of reflex modulation at lower stimulus intensities, suggesting that the lack of modulation observed at higher stimulus intensities is a result of saturation of the reflex loop. In six other patients, however, no reflex modulation could be demonstrated even at very low stimulus intensities.

scholarly journals Correlation between isometric force and intramuscular pressure in rabbit tibialis anterior muscle with an intact anterior compartment

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor M. Winters ◽  
Genaro S. Sepulveda ◽  
Patrick S. Cottler ◽  
Kenton R. Kaufman ◽  
Richard L. Lieber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Isometric Force ◽  
Tibialis Anterior Muscle ◽  
Intramuscular Pressure ◽  
Anterior Compartment

Intramuscular pressure and EMG relate during static contractions but dissociate with movement and fatigue

2004 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 1522-1529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisela Sjøgaard ◽  
Bente R. Jensen ◽  
Alan R. Hargens ◽  
Karen Søgaard
Keyword(s):  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Muscle Force ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Load Sharing ◽  
Intramuscular Pressure ◽  
Shoulder Muscles ◽  
Fatigued Muscle ◽  
Dynamic Contractions ◽  
Angular Velocities ◽  
Static Contractions

Intramuscular pressure (IMP) and electromyography (EMG) mirror muscle force in the nonfatigued muscle during static contractions. The present study explores whether the constant IMP-EMG relationship with increased force may be extended to dynamic contractions and to fatigued muscle. IMP and EMG were recorded from shoulder muscles in three sessions: 1) brief static arm abductions at angles from 0 to 90°, with and without 1 kg in the hands; 2) dynamic arm abductions at angular velocities from 9 to 90°/s, with and without 1 kg in the hands; and 3) prolonged static arm abduction at 30° for 30 min followed by recovery. IMP and EMG increased in parallel with increasing shoulder torque during brief static tasks. During dynamic contractions, peak IMP and EMG increased to values higher than those during static contractions, and EMG, but not IMP, increased significantly with speed of abduction. In the nonfatigued supraspinatus muscle, a linear relationship was found between IMP and EMG; in contrast, during fatigue and recovery, significant timewise changes of the IMP-to-EMG ratio occurred. The results indicate that IMP should be included along with EMG when mechanical load sharing between muscles is evaluated during dynamic and fatiguing contractions.

MUSCLE BULGING REDUCES MUSCLE FORCE AND LIMITS THE MAXIMAL EFFECTIVE MUSCLE SIZE

2006 ◽  
Vol 06 (03) ◽  
pp. 229-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
KARL DAGGFELDT
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Force ◽  
Muscle Length ◽  
Biomechanical Model ◽  
Muscle Performance ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Intramuscular Pressure ◽  
Shortening Velocity ◽  
Muscle Shortening ◽  
Force Reduction ◽  
Total Muscle

A biomechanical model was generated in order to investigate the possible mechanisms behind reductions in muscle performance due to muscle bulging. It was shown that the proportion of fiber force contributing to the total muscle force is reduced with fiber bulging and that the cause of this reduction is due to the intramuscular pressure (IMP) created by the bulging fibers. Moreover, it was established that the amount of IMP generated muscle force reduction is determined by the extent to which muscle thickening restricts muscle fibers from shortening, thereby limiting their power contribution. It was shown that bulging can set a limit to the maximal size a muscle can take without losing force and power producing capability. Possible effects, due to bulging, on maximal muscle force in relation to both muscle length and muscle shortening velocity were also demonstrated by the model.

scholarly journals Development of a Mechatronic Platform and Validation of Methods for Estimating Ankle Stiffness During the Stance Phase of Walking

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliott J. Rouse ◽  
Levi J. Hargrove ◽  
Eric J. Perreault ◽  
Michael A. Peshkin ◽  
Todd A. Kuiken
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Joint Torque ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Prosthetic Foot ◽  
Ankle Impedance ◽  
Ankle Stiffness ◽  
Human Ankle

The mechanical properties of human joints (i.e., impedance) are constantly modulated to precisely govern human interaction with the environment. The estimation of these properties requires the displacement of the joint from its intended motion and a subsequent analysis to determine the relationship between the imposed perturbation and the resultant joint torque. There has been much investigation into the estimation of upper-extremity joint impedance during dynamic activities, yet the estimation of ankle impedance during walking has remained a challenge. This estimation is important for understanding how the mechanical properties of the human ankle are modulated during locomotion, and how those properties can be replicated in artificial prostheses designed to restore natural movement control. Here, we introduce a mechatronic platform designed to address the challenge of estimating the stiffness component of ankle impedance during walking, where stiffness denotes the static component of impedance. The system consists of a single degree of freedom mechatronic platform that is capable of perturbing the ankle during the stance phase of walking and measuring the response torque. Additionally, we estimate the platform's intrinsic inertial impedance using parallel linear filters and present a set of methods for estimating the impedance of the ankle from walking data. The methods were validated by comparing the experimentally determined estimates for the stiffness of a prosthetic foot to those measured from an independent testing machine. The parallel filters accurately estimated the mechatronic platform's inertial impedance, accounting for 96% of the variance, when averaged across channels and trials. Furthermore, our measurement system was found to yield reliable estimates of stiffness, which had an average error of only 5.4% (standard deviation: 0.7%) when measured at three time points within the stance phase of locomotion, and compared to the independently determined stiffness values of the prosthetic foot. The mechatronic system and methods proposed in this study are capable of accurately estimating ankle stiffness during the foot-flat region of stance phase. Future work will focus on the implementation of this validated system in estimating human ankle impedance during the stance phase of walking.

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