Using Arm Configuration to Learn the Effects of Gyroscopes and Other Devices

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 450-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Flanders ◽  
Jan M. Hondzinski ◽  
John F. Soechting ◽  
Jadin C. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Arm Movement ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Hand Path ◽  
Motor Commands ◽  
Similar Strategy ◽  
Normal Configuration ◽  
Normal Hand ◽  
And Control

Previous studies have perturbed the association between motor commands and arm movements by applying forces to the arm during two-dimensional movements. These studies have revealed that, when the normal hand path is perturbed, subjects gradually adapt their motor commands to return to this path. The present study used the spin of a gyroscope to create a complex perturbation, as subjects reached to targets presented in three dimensions. Hand path did not change, but the whole-arm geometry (“arm configuration” in four dimensions) was altered. Over a series of several hundred reaches to various targets, subjects gradually returned the arm movement to its normal configuration. Furthermore, during the course of this learning, subjects used a strategy that involved manipulating arm posture. A similar strategy was observed when subjects made reaching movements with a rod attached to the upper arm to change its inertial characteristics. In both cases, the gradual return to the normal arm movement was accomplished without an increase in kinetic energy, suggesting that arm postures and movements (kinematics) and muscular forces (kinetics) may be mutually optimized. In contrast to previous studies, the present results highlight the role of arm configuration (rather than hand path) in learning and control.

The role of trust in innovation ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Kalil Steinbruch ◽  
Leandro da Silva Nascimento ◽  
Daniela Callegaro de Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Innovation Ecosystems ◽  
Network Collaboration ◽  
Broad Understanding

Purpose There are indications that trust is essential in innovation ecosystems relations. However, studies have not yet focused on deeply exploring such connection. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the influence of trust among actors in the context of innovation ecosystems. Design/methodology/approach This study developed a conceptual framework and a set of propositions. We raised a discussion based on the intertwining of three widely known dimensions of trust (ability, benevolence and integrity) and four dimensions of innovation ecosystems (network collaboration, interdependency, value co-creation and innovation objectives). Findings This paper suggests that trust contributes to the development of innovation ecosystems’ dimensions. In addition, it sheds light on the need to consider all three dimensions of trust together and simultaneously, because, by itself, none of them is sufficient to build trust in innovation ecosystems. Also, we argue that the different connections between the dimensions of trust and those of innovation ecosystems lead to the development of such ecosystems. Originality/value Through the approach of an underexplored area of research, this paper contributes to a broad understanding of the role of trust in innovation ecosystems toward the pursuit of creating innovation. It also proposes a novelty to the field, by suggesting four dimensions of innovation ecosystems to help managers analyze ecosystems through a more practical perspective.

Intra-organizational Communication in Healthcare

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (04) ◽  
pp. 336-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Niazkhani ◽  
M. Berg ◽  
R. Bal ◽  
H. Pirnejad
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Communication ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Medical Errors ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Communication Space ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Healthcare Communication ◽  
And Control

Summary Objectives: Intra-organizational communication is mostly interpersonal. Synchronous interruptive communication is recognized as aprimary source of inefficiency anderror in healthcare, and there is much potential for information and communication technology (ICT) to improve such communication. As recently suggested, however, due to communication failures ICT can also compound medical errors. In this paper we analyze factors that restrict the role of ICT in improving interpersonal healthcare communication and suggest solutions. Methods: We critically analyzed the literature from a selection of diverse scientific disciplines. These were related to interpersonal communication, tothe role and place of standardization and computerization in its improvement, and to reducing medical errors. Results: Four possible scenarios were defined on how ICT can serve healthcare communication. Two differing conceptual frameworks about communication in health-care were discussed. Considering “information space” as apart of “communication space ” allows the recognition and control of the source of the semantic gaps in conventional standardization and an enhancement of the role of ICT in improving intra-organizational communication. Moreover, cognitive, social, and organizational dimensions of complexity in interpersonal communication can be managed. Three approaches to control the variability in those dimensions and to promote therole of ICT in intra-organizational communication were discussed. Conclusion: A multi-dimensional approach is required to promote the role of ICT in intra-organizational communication in healthcare. Parallel to conventional standardization, atleast three dimensions need to be addressed: controlling the effect of the social context, developing standard information processing skills, and most importantly, controlling variations in care practices’ performance.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KARAWITAN GAYA SRAGEN PADA SELERA MASYARAKAT KEBAKKRAMAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joko Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Performance Style ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT This article discusses the influence of Sragen Style on the change of gamelan performance in Kebakkramat, Karanganyar. The Kebakkramat community who previously liked the performance style of Surakarta gamelan, are currently experiencing a change in taste to prefer Sragen style. Sragen style is popular in Sragen regency, because its location is adjacent to Karanganyar regency, giving influence to the style of karawitan art presentation in Kebakkramat sub-district. Sragen style gamelan has the characteristic of being simpler, louder, and easier to understand, and more flexible because Sragen style can be presented in all genres of songs, one of them being dangdut. Factors affecting the changing tastes of the population are increasing and decreasing population, new discoveries and environmental conditions. People in Kebakkramat sub-district experienced an increase and decrease of the population which indirectly affected the social and cultural environment. The emergence of a community of lovers of Sragen style and the rapidly growing media role also became an influence on people's tastes. In addition, the use of additional instruments in Sragen style and the role of MC in guiding the event to give a new color that makes the atmosphere more playful so is more liked by the community. Sragen style that tends to contradict with Surakarta style is increasingly in demand by Kebakkramat community, so indirectly causes pros and cons, both from artist and music lovers. In response, the two opposing views can be combined with reference to four dimensions, namely capitalism, industry, supervision and control. It aims to make Sragen style accepted as art of karawitan, but still under supervision and control, so as not to go too far of the characteristic of karawitan itself. Kata Kunci : karawitan, gaya Sragen, Sragenan, pengaruh, perubahan, Kebakkramat.

scholarly journals Sustainable and Community-Centred Development of Smart Cities and Villages

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Zavratnik ◽  
Dan Podjed ◽  
Jure Trilar ◽  
Nina Hlebec ◽  
Andrej Kos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Community Building ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Community Size ◽  
Sustainable Living ◽  
New Community ◽  
And Control ◽  
Calm Technology

The article highlights the need to rethink and reconceptualise the accepted concepts of smart cities and villages by shifting the attention from technology and technological solutions and moving it towards understanding the significance of communities and sustainability. The conceptual framework combines four essential features—community, village, city and sustainability—and analyses the links and relationships between them. A new community-centred approach to development is suggested in order to emphasise that sustainable living cannot be achieved only through technological solutions. Instead, we suggest that to ensure social sustainability, appropriation, and effectiveness of new solutions in the long term, the process has to start, be adapted and led by people and their needs. In this light, the article analyses three dimensions of smart living—energy, mobility, waste—through the prism of rural–urban linkages and the role of ICT. Core principles and recommendations (calm technology, community size, identification of community leaders, surveillance and control issues, community building) for designers of ICT solutions and developmental projects in smart cities and villages are presented. These principles take into account people and communities and combine findings of engineering and social sciences, especially anthropology, psychology, and sociology.

Workplace spirituality and nepotism-favouritism in selected ASEAN countries: the role of gender as moderator

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qaisar Iqbal ◽  
Noor Hazlina Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Workplace Spirituality ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Many scholars of business ethics have emphasised for new research theories and methods that make a substantial contribution to improving business ethical practices and standards globally. This study aims to explore the impact of workplace spirituality and its four dimensions-meaningful at work, transcendence, mindfulness and compassion over the nepotism-favouritism in ASEAN Region. This study also contributes to literature by investigating role of gender over the association of workplace spirituality, and its dimensions with nepotism-favouritism. Design/methodology/approach Data was collected through self-administered questionnaires from employees of the service sector working in Singapore, Malaysia and Myanmar. SPSS and SmartPLS software were used for data analysis. Findings The findings of this study suggest that there is significant negative impact of workplace spirituality on the nepotism-favouritism. Four dimensions-meaningful at work, transcendence, mindfulness and compassion has significantly negative influence on nepotism/favouritism. With change of gender, impact of workplace spirituality and its three dimensions-meaningful at work, compassion and transcendence exhibit varying influence on the nepotism-favouritism, which indicates presence of moderating effect. This study concludes with no moderating impact of gender over the association of mindfulness and nepotism-favouritism. Originality/value This study presents empirical evidence from ASEAN region, which is useful for practitioners to abolish corruption in the context of nepotism-favouritism.

Morphogenesis of a New Human Herpes-Type Virus Isolate (Sasha Virus)

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 592-593
Author(s):  
R. F. Zeigel ◽  
W. Munyon
Keyword(s):  
Virus Isolate ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Human Herpes ◽  
Human Embryonic Lung ◽  
Human Herpes Virus ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Inclusions ◽  
Hel Cells ◽  
And Control

In continuing studies on the role of viruses in biochemical transformation, Dr. Munyon has succeeded in isolating a highly infectious human herpes virus. Fluids of buccal pustular lesions from Sasha Munyon (10 mo. old) uiere introduced into monolayer sheets of human embryonic lung (HEL) cell cultures propagated in Eagles’ medium containing 5% calf serum. After 18 hours the cells exhibited a dramatic C.P.E. (intranuclear vacuoles, peripheral patching of chromatin, intracytoplasmic inclusions). Control HEL cells failed to reflect similar changes. Infected and control HEL cells were scraped from plastic flasks at 18 hrs. of incubation and centrifuged at 1200 × g for 15 min. Resultant cell packs uiere fixed in Dalton's chrome osmium, and post-fixed in aqueous uranyl acetate. Figure 1 illustrates typical hexagonal herpes-type nucleocapsids within the intranuclear virogenic regions. The nucleocapsids are approximately 100 nm in diameter. Nuclear membrane “translocation” (budding) uias observed.

The role of copper ions in hydrogen peroxide bleaching: Their origin, removal, and effect on pulp quality

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
PEDRO E.G. LOUREIRO ◽  
SANDRINE DUARTE ◽  
DMITRY V. EVTUGUIN ◽  
M. GRAÇA V.S. CARVALHO
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Peroxide Bleaching ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Peroxide Decomposition ◽  
Equipment Corrosion ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Main Effects

This study puts particular emphasis on the role of copper ions in the performance of hydrogen peroxide bleaching (P-stage). Owing to their variable levels across the bleaching line due to washing filtrates, bleaching reagents, and equipment corrosion, these ions can play a major role in hydrogen peroxide decomposition and be detrimental to polysaccharide integrity. In this study, a Cu-contaminated D0(EOP)D1 prebleached pulp was subjected to an acidic washing (A-stage) or chelation (Q-stage) before the alkaline P-stage. The objective was to understand the isolated and combined role of copper ions in peroxide bleaching performance. By applying an experimental design, it was possible to identify the main effects of the pretreatment variables on the extent of metals removal and performance of the P-stage. The acid treatment was unsuccessful in terms of complete copper removal, magnesium preservation, and control of hydrogen peroxide consumption in the following P-stage. Increasing reaction temperature and time of the acidic A-stage improved the brightness stability of the D0(EOP)D1AP bleached pulp. The optimum conditions for chelation pretreatment to maximize the brightness gains obtained in the subsequent P-stage with the lowest peroxide consumption were 0.4% diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), 80ºC, and 4.5 pH.

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