Automated metabolic reconstruction forMethanococcus jannaschii

We present the computational prediction and synthesis of the metabolic pathways inMethanococcus jannaschiifrom its genomic sequence using the PathoLogic software. Metabolic reconstruction is based on a reference knowledge base of metabolic pathways and is performed with minimal manual intervention. We predict the existence of 609 metabolic reactions that are assembled in 113 metabolic pathways and an additional 17 super-pathways consisting of one or more component pathways. These assignments represent significantly improved enzyme and pathway predictions compared with previous metabolic reconstructions, and some key metabolic reactions, previously missing, have been identified. Our results, in the form of enzymatic assignments and metabolic pathway predictions, form a database (MJCyc) that is accessible over the World Wide Web for further dissemination among members of the scientific community.

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Critical and Future Trends in Data Mining

Data Mining ◽

10.4018/978-1-59140-051-6.ch020 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 437-452 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jeffrey Hsu

Keyword(s):

Data Mining ◽

Business Education ◽

Scientific Community ◽

World Wide ◽

Data Sources ◽

Knowledge Discovery In Databases ◽

Future Trends ◽

Online Data ◽

Usable Knowledge ◽

The World

Every day, enormous amounts of information are generated from all sectors, whether it be business, education, the scientific community, the World Wide Web (WWW), or one of many readily available off-line and online data sources. From all of this, which represents a sizable repository of data and information, it is possible to generate worthwhile and usable knowledge. As a result, the field of Data Mining (DM) and knowledge discovery in databases (KDD) has grown in leaps and bounds and has shown great potential for the future (Han & Kamber, 2001). The purpose of this chapter is to survey many of the critical and future trends in the field of DM, with a focus on those which are thought to have the most promise and applicability to future DM applications.

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Gaia: Science with 1 billion objects in three dimensions

Europhysics news ◽

10.1051/epn/2018103 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 29-31

Author(s):

Timo Prusti

Keyword(s):

Scientific Community ◽

World Wide ◽

Milky Way ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Milky Way Galaxy ◽

Astronomical Data ◽

The World ◽

Data Release ◽

Wide Scientific Community ◽

Gathering Data

Gaia is an operational satellite in the ESA science programme. It is gathering data for more than a billion objects. Gaia measures positions and motions of stars in our Milky Way Galaxy, but captures many asteroids and extragalactic sources as well. The first data release has already been made and exploitation by the world-wide scientific community is underway. Further data releases will be made with further increasing accuracy. Gaia is well underway to provide its promised set of fundamental astronomical data.

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Making Eugenics a Public Issue

Science & Technology Studies ◽

10.23987/sts.55179 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 46-66

Author(s):

Heiner M. Fangerau

Keyword(s):

Scientific Community ◽

World Wide ◽

Peak Level ◽

Medical Doctors ◽

Racial Hygiene ◽

Standard Work ◽

Reception Study ◽

Human Heredity ◽

The World

During the 1920s, the world-wide eugenics movement reached a peak level of popularity. Historians have stressed the key role of the textbook “Human Heredity and Racial Hygiene” in the popularisation of eugenic thinking in Germany. In this textbook the well known scientists Erwin Baur (1875-1933), Eugen Fischer (1874-1967) and Fritz Lenz (1887-1976) tried to combine genetics, anthropology and racial hygiene to form a “Magna Carta” of eugenics. This paper aims at quantitatively reconstructing the book’s development into a standard work. 325 contemporary reviews of the book were analysed. More than 80% of the reviewers evaluated the book positively recommending it to a variety of readers. Most of the reviewers were Medical Doctors concentrating on the eugenic aspects of the book. The reception study makes the reciprocity of eugenics as an accepted science and academics forming it into science prevalent. Explanations for the uniform reaction of the scientific community are discussed. *Key words*: reception study, interwar years, eugenics

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COVID-19 Fatality Rate and Performed Swabs in Italy: a Misleading Perception (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.19825 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Davide Tosi ◽

Alessandro Verde ◽

Manuela Verde

Keyword(s):

Mass Media ◽

Scientific Community ◽

Large Scale ◽

World Wide ◽

Fatality Rate ◽

The World ◽

Containment Measures ◽

The Impact ◽

Official Data

UNSTRUCTURED CoronaVirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) fatality rate in Italy is controversial and is largely affecting discussion on the impact of containment measures that are straining the world’s social and economic fabric, such as large-scale use of isolation and quarantine, closing borders, imposing limits on public gatherings, and implementing nationwide lockdowns. The scientific community, citizens, politicians and mass media are arguing over data that seem to suggest that Italy has a significantly higher number of COVID-19-related deaths than in the rest of the world. Moreover, Italian citizens have a misleading perception related to the number of actually performed swab tests. Citizens and mass media denounce that the coverage obtained by COVID-19 swab testing in Italy is not in line with other countries all over the world. In this paper, we try to clarify both aspects by highlighting the actual numbers and by comparing them with the official data available world-wide.

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Priority of discovery in the life sciences

eLife ◽

10.7554/elife.16931 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Ronald D Vale ◽

Anthony A Hyman

Keyword(s):

Peer Review ◽

Scientific Community ◽

World Wide ◽

Life Sciences ◽

Reward System ◽

Journal Publication ◽

Initial Validation ◽

New Knowledge ◽

The World ◽

Wide Community

The job of a scientist is to make a discovery and then communicate this new knowledge to others. For a scientist to be successful, he or she needs to be able to claim credit or priority for discoveries throughout their career. However, despite being fundamental to the reward system of science, the principles for establishing the "priority of discovery" are rarely discussed. Here we break down priority into two steps: disclosure, in which the discovery is released to the world-wide community; and validation, in which other scientists assess the accuracy, quality and importance of the work. Currently, in biology, disclosure and an initial validation are combined in a journal publication. Here, we discuss the advantages of separating these steps into disclosure via a preprint, and validation via a combination of peer review at a journal and additional evaluation by the wider scientific community.

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Rotational Characteristics of the Green Solar Corona: 1947-1991

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100025197 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 144 ◽

pp. 139-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. Rybák ◽

V. Rušin ◽

M. Rybanský

Keyword(s):

Solar Corona ◽

World Wide ◽

Rotation Period ◽

Original Data ◽

Coronal Emission ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Data Set ◽

The World ◽

Coronal Emission Line ◽

Homogeneous Data

AbstractFe XIV 530.3 nm coronal emission line observations have been used for the estimation of the green solar corona rotation. A homogeneous data set, created from measurements of the world-wide coronagraphic network, has been examined with a help of correlation analysis to reveal the averaged synodic rotation period as a function of latitude and time over the epoch from 1947 to 1991.The values of the synodic rotation period obtained for this epoch for the whole range of latitudes and a latitude band ±30° are 27.52±0.12 days and 26.95±0.21 days, resp. A differential rotation of green solar corona, with local period maxima around ±60° and minimum of the rotation period at the equator, was confirmed. No clear cyclic variation of the rotation has been found for examinated epoch but some monotonic trends for some time intervals are presented.A detailed investigation of the original data and their correlation functions has shown that an existence of sufficiently reliable tracers is not evident for the whole set of examinated data. This should be taken into account in future more precise estimations of the green corona rotation period.

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