Frontiers and opportunities in bioenergy crop microbiome research networks

Researchers from across the four U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Centers engaged in a microbiome workshop that focused on identifying challenges and collaboration opportunities to better understand bioenergy-relevant plant–microbe interactions. The virtual workshop included hands-on educational sessions and a keynote address on current best practices in microbiome science and community microbiome standards, as well as breakout sessions aimed at identifying microbiome-related data and measurements that should be prioritized, opportunities for and barriers to integrating plant metabolites to microbiome research, and strategies for more effectively integrating microbiome data and processes into existing models. Based on participant discussion, key findings of the workshop were the need to prioritize scaling data sharing across BRCs and the broader research community and securing collaborative infrastructure in the areas of microbiome-ecosystem modeling and molecular plant-microbe interactions. This workshop review highlights additional main findings from this event, to encourage cross-site and more holistic meta-analyses while promoting wide scientific community engagement across plant microbiome sciences.

Properties of Transition Metals and Their Compounds at Extreme Conditions

The characterisation of the physical and chemical properties of transition metals and their compounds under extreme conditions of pressure and temperature has always attracted the interest of a wide scientific community [...]

The ATMODAT Standard enhances FAIRness of Atmospheric Model data

<p>Atmospheric Model data form the basis to understand and predict weather, climate and air quality phenomena. Access to this data is not only of interest to a wide scientific community but also to public services, companies, politicians and citizens. One way to make the data available is to publish them via a data repository. To ensure that datasets in a repository are indeed <strong>F</strong>indable, <strong>A</strong>ccessible, <strong>I</strong>nteroperable, and <strong>R</strong>eusable (i.e. FAIR<sup>1</sup>), it is essential that the data are stored together with detailed metadata and that the file structure and metadata follow an established standard. Furthermore, datasets are easier to find and reuse if  the corresponding metadata is machine-readable and uses a standardised vocabulary. While data standardization is well established in large, internationally coordinated model intercomparison projects (e.g. for climate models in CMIP<sup>2</sup>), joint standards are still lacking in many atmospheric modelling sub-disciplines, such as e.g. urban climate or cloud-resolving modelling. </p><p>The AtMoDat project (<strong>At</strong>mospheric <strong>Mo</strong>del <strong>Dat</strong>a)<sup>3</sup>, led by a team of atmospheric scientists and infrastructure providers, aims to improve the overall FAIRness of atmospheric model data and thus promote their re-use. Within the project, the ATMODAT standard<sup>4</sup> has been developed which includes precise recommendations to achieve enhanced FAIRness of atmospheric model data in repositories. A prerequisite of this standard is that the data are published with a DataCite DOI<sup>5</sup>. The ATMODAT standard specifies requirements for rich metadata with controlled vocabularies, structured landing pages, file formats (netCDF) and the structure within files. Human- and machine-readable landing pages holding discipline-specific metadata are a core element of this standard. </p><p>The ATMODAT standard is easy to implement and provides checklists for data curators and data producers. In addition, to facilitate the compliance check with the ATMODAT standard, the <em>atmodat data checker</em><sup>6</sup> has been developed. A dataset that complies with this standard will follow the FAIR principles and its metadata will be of high quality. If this compliance has been verified by the respective repository, the dataset can be labelled with the <strong>Ea</strong>rth <strong>Sy</strong>stem <strong>Da</strong>ta <strong>B</strong>randing (EASYDAB)<sup>7</sup>. This branding makes it easy for users to verify that the data are properly curated and the metadata has been quality assured.</p><p><sup>1</sup>  Juckes et al., 2020: https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-201-2020 <br><sup>2</sup>  <span>Eyring</span> et al., 2016: https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-1937-2016<br><sup>3</sup>  www.atmodat.de<br><sup>4</sup>  https://doi.org/10.35095/WDCC/atmodat_standard_en_v3_0<br><sup>5</sup>  https://datacite.org<br><sup>6</sup>  https://github.com/AtMoDat/atmodat_data_checker <br><sup>7</sup>  https://easydab.de</p>

АНТРОПОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ТИПЫ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ СРЕДНЕВЕКОВОЙ МОНГОЛИИ (по материалам скульптурных изображений)

В статье рассматриваются скульптурные материалы из кургана Шороон бумбагар в Баяннуур сомоне Булганского аймака Монголии. В захоронении с элементами кенотафа обнаружено 90 деревянных и керамических антропоморфных скульптур. В настоящее время, все материалы находятся на хранении в музее г. Хархорин. Основываясь на результатах исследований скульптурных изображений в отечественной и зарубежной историографии автором предложена своя схема описания и характеристики антропоморфной микропластики. С целью ознакомления широких научных кругов с уникальными изображениями средневековых кочевников Центральной Азии тюркского времени, выполненных их современниками, дана характеристика 9 керамических фигур из фондов музея. Пять из них представляют фигуры, выполненные в полный рост, четыре – всадников. В описании дана характеристика материала изготовления; приводятся инвентарные номера и размеры согласно документации музея; отмечается степень сохранности фигур; дано описание костюма (верхняя и нижняя одежда, головной убор, обувь); характеризуются антропологические особенности скульптурных изображений и степень развитости растительности на лице (брови, усы, борода); дана расовая и, по возможности, этническая идентификация прототипов изображений. Кроме того, приведено описание лошадей и их сбруи. Новые материалы были сопоставлены с полученными ранее аналогичными скульптурными изображениями из кургана Шороон бумбагар в Замар сомоне Центрального аймака Монголии (хранящихся в Музее изобразительных искусств им. Г. Занабазара, г. Улан-Батор, Монголия). Отмечена технологическая и стилистическая схожесть керамической микропластики из обоих курганов, кстати, находящихся недалеко друг от друга. Характеристика новых материалов и проведенный сопоставительный анализ позволили датировать находки из кургана в Булганском аймаке второй половиной VII в. н.э., т.е. тюркским временем в период господства империи Тан. Анализ статуэток позволил сделать вывод о присутствии значительного восточноазиатского (китайского) компонента среди прототипов изображений. Другая часть несомненно принадлежит к тюркам - теле и относится, по –видимому, к южносибирской расе.The article discusses the sculpture materials from the Sharoon Bumbagar barrow in the Bayannuur Somon of the Bulgan aimag in Mongolia. The burial with the elements of kenotaph contained ninety wooden and ceramic anthropomorphic sculptures at present kept in the Museum of Harhorin. The author took into consideration the results achieved in the Russian and world historiography of studies in sculpture and proposes his own scheme of description and characteristics towards anthropomorphic microplastics. Presented in the paper nine ceramic figures from the Museum funds introduce to the wide scientific community the unique images of

Elastic Analysis of Inhomogeneous Solids: History and Development in Brief

ABSTRACTInhomogeneous materials (the ones exhibiting spatial variations in their, all or specific, material properties) present a great deal of interest for scientists and engineers in both academia and industry. For over a hundred years, the mechanical behavior of inhomogeneous materials excites numerous attempts in mathematical modeling and development of methods for proper analysis and verification. With this concern, the reach experience was gained by scientists of different scientific schools in many countries. Despite numerous significant achievements, some results, unfortunately, remain unnoticed by the wide scientific community. On the other hand, one can observe a growing number of publications which repeatedly publish the solutions reported years ago or deal with the similar problems with slight modifications. The main objective of this paper is to: i) present a brief survey of the development history of the elastic analysis of inhomogeneous solids and ii) characterize some dominant analytical and semi-analytical methods. It was not our intent here to provide a comprehensive list of references on the topic, which is nearly impossible to make in view of rapidly growing number of publications and other restrictions, but to emphasize some important, in our opinion, stages of the development, methods and results.

pathwayPCA: an R package for integrative pathway analysis with modern PCA methodology and gene selection

ABSTRACTWith the advance in high-throughput technology for molecular assays, multi-omics datasets have become increasingly available. However, most currently available pathway analysis software provide little or no functionalities for analyzing multiple types of -omics data simultaneously. In addition, most tools do not provide sample-specific estimates of pathway activities, which are important for precision medicine. To address these challenges, we present pathwayPCA, a unique R package for integrative pathway analysis that utilizes modern statistical methodology including supervised PCA and adaptive elastic-net PCA for principal component analysis. pathwayPCA can analyze continuous, binary, and survival outcomes in studies with multiple covariate and/or interaction effects. We provide three case studies to illustrate pathway analysis with gene selection, integrative analysis of multi-omics datasets to identify driver genes, estimating and visualizing sample-specific pathway activities in ovarian cancer, and identifying sex-specific pathway effects in kidney cancer. pathwayPCA is an open source R package, freely available to the research community. We expect pathwayPCA to be a useful tool for empowering the wide scientific community on the analyses and interpretation of the wealth of multiomics data recently made available by TCGA, CPTAC and other large consortiums.

Editorial 2018: The Croatian Journal of Fisheries: Ribarstvo 80th Anniversary

The Croatian Journal of Fisheries (Croat J Fish) was launched 80 years ago, in 1938, as Ribarstvo, so the current issue of Croat J Fish celebrates this significant event. Since 1992, the Journal was issued quarterly on a regular basis under the name Ribarstvo. However, in 2012 the Journal changed its name to Croatian Journal of Fisheries: Ribarstvo to attract more international audiences. The scope of the Journal has not changed much during its development and has mainly focused on ichthyology, aquaculture, ecology, fish pathology, marine and inland waters and other issues related to fisheries. Nowadays, the Journal tends to be a highquality open-access scientific journal, visible online, of interest to a wide scientific community. Expanding the number of international associate editors also indicates this process. In the segment of publishing strategies, more effort is needed to increase citation activity of the Journal. The Editorial 2018 also provides information on the articles published and the list of reviewers who participated in the review process in 2017.

Gaia: Science with 1 billion objects in three dimensions

Gaia is an operational satellite in the ESA science programme. It is gathering data for more than a billion objects. Gaia measures positions and motions of stars in our Milky Way Galaxy, but captures many asteroids and extragalactic sources as well. The first data release has already been made and exploitation by the world-wide scientific community is underway. Further data releases will be made with further increasing accuracy. Gaia is well underway to provide its promised set of fundamental astronomical data.

Message from the Winners

We are most honored to have been selected as winners of the First JDR Award – an unexpected surprise because we did not realize that we had contributed so much to the Journal of Disaster Research (JDR). The JDR provided us with a fine opportunity to present our results on a project of the Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS), making our work known to the world-wide scientific community. SATREPS is sponsored by the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). From 2010 to 2015, Japanese and Peruvian researchers conducted a SATREPS project, Enhancement of Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster Mitigation Technology in Peru. To announce our research output, we chose the JDR and had our work published in 36 articles in two special issues, in 2013 and 2014. The JDR’s prompt peer reviews and publication processes are really helpful to projects such as SATREPS, which have time limits. Our results would otherwise have been published much later. Congratulations on the JDR’s first-decade anniversary! We believe the JDR is an important journal in the natural hazard and disaster management field as it has been recognized as a Scopus indexed journal. The JDR’s open access and the fact that it enables papers to be downloaded free of charge from the web site is very helpful and convenient to readers and helps authors become known to broader audiences. We hope the JDR will get the Impact Factor of Thomson Reuters, becoming a major source of information in the disaster sciences field. Fumio Yamazaki and Carlos Zavala October 26, 2015

First – Far Infrared and Submillimetre Space Telescope

First is an element of the ESA long term science program. Currently in a detailed study phase it is foreseen as a large (4.5–8 m) diameter passively cooled telescope equipped with a combination of photometer/camera and very high resolution spectrometers. The spectrometers will utilize both direct detection and heterodyne techniques to cover the wavelength band 85–600 micron. The photometers will have both bolometer and photoconductor detector arrays. FIRST is foreseen to be launched shortly after the year 2000 and will be operated as a facility open to the wide scientific community.