scholarly journals Ozone and Ozonated Oils in Skin Diseases: A Review

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Travagli ◽  
I. Zanardi ◽  
G. Valacchi ◽  
V. Bocci
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Orthodox Medicine ◽  
Commercial Products ◽  
Gaseous Ozone ◽  
Great Reactivity ◽  
The Stability

Although orthodox medicine has provided a variety of topical anti-infective agents, some of them have become scarcely effective owing to antibiotic- and chemotherapeutic-resistant pathogens. For more than a century, ozone has been known to be an excellent disinfectant that nevertheless had to be used with caution for its oxidizing properties. Only during the last decade it has been learned how to tame its great reactivity by precisely dosing its concentration and permanently incorporating the gas into triglycerides where gaseous ozone chemically reacts with unsaturated substrates leading to therapeutically active ozonated derivatives. Today the stability and efficacy of the ozonated oils have been already demonstrated, but owing to a plethora of commercial products, the present paper aims to analyze these derivatives suggesting the strategy to obtain products with the best characteristics.

Nanoemulsion Containing SangYod Rice Bran Oil and Thanakha Extracts: In Vitro Antioxidant and Irritation Assessments

2017 ◽  
Vol 866 ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orrawan Poonsri ◽  
Wiyada Kwanhian ◽  
Apakorn Poltien ◽  
Piyatida Tangteerawatana ◽  
Jitbanjong Tangpong
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
The Stability

Nanoemulsions are well characterized in a promising drug delivery system with applications for drug and cosmetic. Traditionally and cosmetic industries use Rice bran oil and Hesperethusa crenulata or Thanakha bark aqueous extract in sunscreen formulations, anti ageing products and in treatments for skin diseases. The aim of this study was to produce the nanoemulsion and to evaluate their physical stability, irritation potential. In vitro study, the total phenolic contents and total antioxidant capacity of SangYod Rice bran oil (SRBO) were 1130.44 ± 53.55 mg GAE/mg and 25.94±4.69 mmol TEAC/mg and Thanakha were 3.85±0.23 mg GAE/gdw and 19.87 ± 2.59 mmol TEAC/gdw, respectively. The nanoemulsion containing SRBO and Thanakha, oil in water, was produced using low-pressure homogenizer and ultrasonicator techniques and the particle size was 167.03±1.75 nm. The stability of nanoemulsion represented no significant change on pH and particle size after day 0, 5, 11, 14 and over 12 month at temperature 4, 25 and 40 °C. Moreover, it’s also showed no irritation on HET–CAM test, a basic test for embryotoxicity, systemic toxicity and immunopathology. Conclusion, these results suggested that the nanoemulsion containing SRBO and Thanakha may serve as potential vehicles for improved transdermal delivery antioxidant compound and no irritation.

Controlling Exhaustion of Reactive Dyes on Wool by Microencapsulation with Liposomes

1997 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 537-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I. N. R. Gomes ◽  
M. C. Genovez ◽  
R. Hrdina
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Reactive Dye ◽  
Mechanical Agitation ◽  
Commercial Products ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Lecithin Liposome

Exhaustion of a reactive dye for wool is studied in the presence of liposome-forming compounds (lecithin). Both analytical and commercial products are used as a source for the lecithin. Liposome formation is tested with different preparation procedures (ultrasound and mechanical agitation), and the stability is evaluated under different conditions of time, temperature, and the presence pf a tensoactive product. The effect of these different conditions and the variation of liposome concentration on exhaustion and levelness is presented. A practical method for dyeing wool with reactive dyes using liposome-forming compounds is proposed based on the results.

Fabrication and Evaluation of Glabridin Tip-loaded Dissolving Microneedles

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianmin Chen ◽  
Meixia Wang ◽  
Mengnan Ran ◽  
Xinying Liu ◽  
Siwan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Skin Permeability ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Dissolving Microneedles ◽  
Improved Stability ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Delivery Efficiency

Background: The clinical application of glabridin in treating skin diseases has been constrained by the limitations of its poor chemical stability and low skin permeability. Objective: Here, we describe tip-loading dissolving microneedles (TDMNs) encapsulating drugs only in the tips of needles for glabridin delivery with improved stability and skin permeability. Methods and Results: The TDMNs fabricated by solvent casting technique had sufficient mechanical strength to penetrate through the excised rat's skin without fracture. Drug delivery efficiency and drug residual in the skin of TDMNs were 63.16% and 49.28%, respectively. Glabridin encapsulated in the tips of TDMNs was effectively delivered into the abdominal skin of rats, and the in vivo delivery efficiency was inversely proportional to the drug doses. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) significantly increased to 34.80 g/m2•h after the application of TDMNs and returned to normal levels (11.31 g/m2•h) after 8 h, indicating that the TDMNs were well tolerated. The stability of glabridin at room temperature was appreciably improved when loaded in TDMNs. Conclusion: These results suggest that intradermal delivery of glabridin by TDMNs is a safe and efficient alternative to currently available routes of administration.

WATER-IN-OIL EMULSIONS: HOW THEY ARE FORMED AND BROKEN

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 (1) ◽  
pp. 829-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merv Fingas ◽  
Ben Fieldhouse ◽  
Joe Mullin
Keyword(s):  
Shear Rate ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Commercial Products ◽  
Visual Appearance ◽  
Closed Systems ◽  
Oil Emulsions ◽  
The Stability

ABSTRACT Studies on the formation of emulsions were summarized, and analytical methods used to determine the final results of the emulsion breaking process were evaluated. These include visual appearance, viscosity, zero-shear-rate viscosity, elasticity, water content, and conductivity. All but the latter two are useful for determining the stability of an emulsion. The development of four new tests was reviewed. These test the effectiveness of emulsion breakers in open and closed systems and emulsion preventers in open and closed systems. Results of testing on commercial products are presented.

Open discussion

1982 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 605-613
Author(s):  
P. S. Conti
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
List Type ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Open Discussion ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Ring Nebulae

Conti: One of the main conclusions of the Wolf-Rayet symposium in Buenos Aires was that Wolf-Rayet stars are evolutionary products of massive objects. Some questions:–Do hot helium-rich stars, that are not Wolf-Rayet stars, exist?–What about the stability of helium rich stars of large mass? We know a helium rich star of ∼40 MO. Has the stability something to do with the wind?–Ring nebulae and bubbles : this seems to be a much more common phenomenon than we thought of some years age.–What is the origin of the subtypes? This is important to find a possible matching of scenarios to subtypes.

Symmetric Multistep Methods Revisited: II. Numerical Experiments

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Fukushima
Keyword(s):  
Multistep Methods ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Integration Time ◽  
Implicit Methods ◽  
Symmetric Methods ◽  
Celestial Bodies ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Predictor Corrector ◽  
Symmetric Multistep Methods ◽  
Integration Errors

AbstractBy using the stability condition and general formulas developed by Fukushima (1998 = Paper I) we discovered that, just as in the case of the explicit symmetric multistep methods (Quinlan and Tremaine, 1990), when integrating orbital motions of celestial bodies, the implicit symmetric multistep methods used in the predictor-corrector manner lead to integration errors in position which grow linearly with the integration time if the stepsizes adopted are sufficiently small and if the number of corrections is sufficiently large, say two or three. We confirmed also that the symmetric methods (explicit or implicit) would produce the stepsize-dependent instabilities/resonances, which was discovered by A. Toomre in 1991 and confirmed by G.D. Quinlan for some high order explicit methods. Although the implicit methods require twice or more computational time for the same stepsize than the explicit symmetric ones do, they seem to be preferable since they reduce these undesirable features significantly.

Uniformity of Magnification from Different Electron Microscopes

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
Godfrey C. Hoskins ◽  
V. Williams ◽  
V. Allison
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Grating ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carbon Replica ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
The Stability

The method demonstrated is an adaptation of a proven procedure for accurately determining the magnification of light photomicrographs. Because of the stability of modern electrical lenses, the method is shown to be directly applicable for providing precise reproducibility of magnification in various models of electron microscopes.A readily recognizable area of a carbon replica of a crossed-line diffraction grating is used as a standard. The same area of the standard was photographed in Phillips EM 200, Hitachi HU-11B2, and RCA EMU 3F electron microscopes at taps representative of the range of magnification of each. Negatives from one microscope were selected as guides and printed at convenient magnifications; then negatives from each of the other microscopes were projected to register with these prints. By deferring measurement to the print rather than comparing negatives, correspondence of magnification of the specimen in the three microscopes could be brought to within 2%.

Effect of Improved ThO2 Particle Dispersion in Nickel on High-Temperature Strength

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 444-445
Author(s):  
E. R. Kimmel ◽  
H. L. Anthony ◽  
W. Scheithauer
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Oxide Particle ◽  
Oxide Phase ◽  
Dislocation Motion ◽  
Particle Dispersion ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Strengthening Effect ◽  
Oxide Particles ◽  
The Stability

The strengthening effect at high temperature produced by a dispersed oxide phase in a metal matrix is seemingly dependent on at least two major contributors: oxide particle size and spatial distribution, and stability of the worked microstructure. These two are strongly interrelated. The stability of the microstructure is produced by polygonization of the worked structure forming low angle cell boundaries which become anchored by the dispersed oxide particles. The effect of the particles on strength is therefore twofold, in that they stabilize the worked microstructure and also hinder dislocation motion during loading.

An Analysis of Dissociation of Molecules in a High Resolution Electron Microscope

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 486-487
Author(s):  
Mihir Parikh
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Peak Intensity ◽  
Molecular Film ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Dissociation Cross Section ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscope ◽  
The Stability

It is well known that the resolution of bio-molecules in a high resolution electron microscope depends not just on the physical resolving power of the instrument, but also on the stability of these molecules under the electron beam. Experimentally, the damage to the bio-molecules is commo ly monitored by the decrease in the intensity of the diffraction pattern, or more quantitatively by the decrease in the peaks of an energy loss spectrum. In the latter case the exposure, EC, to decrease the peak intensity from IO to I’O can be related to the molecular dissociation cross-section, σD, by EC = ℓn(IO /I’O) /ℓD. Qu ntitative data on damage cross-sections are just being reported, However, the microscopist needs to know the explicit dependence of damage on: (1) the molecular properties, (2) the density and characteristics of the molecular film and that of the support film, if any, (3) the temperature of the molecular film and (4) certain characteristics of the electron microscope used

Formation and Structure of Casein Micelles in Lactating Mammary Tissue

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 150-151
Author(s):  
Robert J. Carroll ◽  
Marvin P. Thompson ◽  
Harold M. Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Colloidal System ◽  
Casein Micelles ◽  
The Stability

Milk is an unusually stable colloidal system; the stability of this system is due primarily to the formation of micelles by the major milk proteins, the caseins. Numerous models for the structure of casein micelles have been proposed; these models have been formulated on the basis of in vitro studies. Synthetic casein micelles (i.e., those formed by mixing the purified αsl- and k-caseins with Ca2+ in appropriate ratios) are dissimilar to those from freshly-drawn milks in (i) size distribution, (ii) ratio of Ca/P, and (iii) solvation (g. water/g. protein). Evidently, in vivo organization of the caseins into the micellar form occurs in-a manner which is not identical to the in vitro mode of formation.

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