scholarly journals A 10-Month Physical Activity Intervention Improves Body Composition in Young Black Boys

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl A. Howe ◽  
Ryan A. Harris ◽  
Bernard Gutin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Skills Development ◽  
After School ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Black Boys ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Group A

Objective. To determine if a 10-month after-school physical activity (PA) intervention could prevent deleterious changes in body composition and cardiovascular (CV) fitness in young black boys.Methods. Following baseline measures, 106 boys (8–12 yrs) were randomized to either a control group or an intervention group, further divided into attenders (ATT) and nonattenders (NATT), participating in ≥60% or <60% of the intervention, respectively. The daily intervention consisted of skills development (25 min), vigorous PA (VPA, 35 min), and strengthening/stretching (20 min) components. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.Results. Following the intervention, the ATT exhibited an increase in moderate-to-vigorous PA and a significant reduction in BMI, fat mass, and %BF compared to the control group. A significant association among the intervention energy expenditure and changes in body composition and CV fitness was observed only in the ATT group.Conclusion. An after-school PA program of sufficient length and intensity can promote healthy changes in body composition and fitness levels in black boys who attend at least 3 days/week.

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Physical Competence in Overweight and Obese Children: An Intervention Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6370
Author(s):  
Milena Morano ◽  
Claudio Robazza ◽  
Laura Bortoli ◽  
Irene Rutigliano ◽  
Montse C. Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
After School ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physical Competence ◽  
Physical Ability ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
Multicomponent Program

With the current obesity epidemic and the decline of fitness among school-aged children, the importance of obesity interventions to promote physical activity and healthy habits has become indisputable. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of a school-based multicomponent intervention in increasing physical activity (PA) levels, actual physical abilities, and perceived physical abilities in clinical and nonclinical samples of overweight/obese boys and girls aged 10–12 years. The clinical intervention group (n = 35) participated in a 7-month after-school program in addition to curricular physical education lessons, while the nonclinical control group (n = 29) received usual curricular lessons. Measures included levels of PA and fitness and individual’s perceptions of physical ability. After treatment, the intervention group showed improved PA levels, perceived physical ability, and throwing and jumping task performances compared to the control group. Results indicate that a multicomponent program can improve levels of PA, fitness, and perceived competence of overweight participants. Findings highlight the importance of a comprehensive healthy lifestyle program that includes physical, psychosocial, and behavioral factors and suggest practical implications for educators, trainers, and teachers in identifying best practices targeting childhood obesity.

scholarly journals Delivery and Receipt of a Self-Determination-Theory-Based Extracurricular Physical Activity Intervention: Exploring Theoretical Fidelity in Action 3:30

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon J. Sebire ◽  
Mark J. Edwards ◽  
Kenneth R. Fox ◽  
Ben Davies ◽  
Kathryn Banfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Autonomy Support ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Implementation Fidelity ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Need Satisfaction ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
After School ◽  
School Based

The implementation, fidelity, and receipt of a self-determination-theory-based after-school physical activity intervention (Action 3:30) delivered by teaching assistants (TAs) was examined using a mixed-methods process evaluation. Physical activity motivation and need satisfaction were reported by 539 participants at baseline, the end of intervention, and 4-month follow-up. Pupil- and TA-reported autonomy-support and teaching efficacy were collected alongside interviews with 18 TAs and focus groups with 60 participants. Among intervention boys there were small increases in identified, introjected, and external motivation and no differences in need satisfaction. Among girls, intrinsic and identified motivation and autonomy and relatedness were lower in the intervention group. Qualitative evidence for fidelity was moderate, and boys reported greater need satisfaction than girls. TAs provided greater structure than involvement or autonomy-support and felt least efficacious when facing school-based challenges. The findings highlight the refinements needed to enhance theoretical fidelity and intervention effectiveness for boys and girls.

A Physical Activity Intervention Program in School is Also Accompanied by Higher Leisure-Time Physical Activity: A Prospective Controlled 3-Year Study in 194 Prepubertal Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Cronholm ◽  
Björn E. Rosengren ◽  
Caroline Karlsson ◽  
Magnus K. Karlsson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Environmental Interventions ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Sedentary Activities

Background:The activity-stat theory infers that total physical activity (PA) in children is constant, independent of environmental interventions.Methods:We conducted a 3-year prospective population-based controlled PA intervention study including, at baseline, 7- to 9-year-old children (66 boys, 40 girls in the intervention and 50 boys, 38 girls in the control group). PA was increased in the intervention group from 60 to 200 minutes/week, while the controls maintained 60 minutes/week. We registered weekly duration of total PA and leisure-time PA and daily duration of sedentary activities, through questionnaires at baseline and 2 and 3 years after baseline.Results:Between intervention and control groups PA was similar before intervention start. After intervention start, total PA in both genders was increased during the entire period (P-values adjusted for age and Tanner stage at follow-up between 0.001 and 0.002). Duration of sedentary activities was unchanged with no group differences. Children in the intervention group changed their behavior so that they also achieved more leisure-time PA.Conclusions:A 3-year school-based PA intervention program in prepubertal children increases the duration of total PA without increasing the duration of sedentary activities, and the program seems to initiate more PA during leisure-time. Our results refute the activity-stat theory.

scholarly journals Effects of a Nine-Month Physical Activity Intervention on Morphological Characteristics and Motor and Cognitive Skills of Preschool Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6609
Author(s):  
Damjan Jaksic ◽  
Sandra Mandic ◽  
Nebojsa Maksimovic ◽  
Zoran Milosevic ◽  
Roberto Roklicer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Control Group

(1) Background: Regular physical activity (PA) plays an important role during early childhood physical and psychological development. This study investigates the effects of a 9-month PA intervention on physiological characteristics and motor and cognitive skills in preschool children. (2) Methods: Preschool children (n = 132; age 4 to 7 years) attending regular preschool programs were nonrandomly assigned to PA intervention (n = 66; 60 min sessions twice per week) or a control group (n = 66; no additional organized PA program) for 9 months. Exercise training for the intervention group included various sports games, outdoor activities, martial arts, yoga, and dance. Anthropometry, motor skills (7 tests), and cognitive skills (Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices and Cognitive Assessment System) were assessed before and after an intervention period in both groups. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA. (3) Results: Body weight significantly increased in both groups over time. Compared to the changes observed in the control group, the intervention group significantly increased in chest circumference (p = 0.022). In contrast, the control group demonstrated an increase in waist circumference (p = 0.001), while these measures in the intervention group remained stable. Participants in the intervention group improved running speed (p = 0.016) and standing broad jump (p = 0.000). The flexibility level was maintained in the intervention group, while a significant decrease was observed in the control group (p = 0.010). Children from the intervention group demonstrated progress in the bent-arm hang test (p = 0.001), unlike the control group subjects. Varied improvements in cognitive skills were observed for different variables in both intervention and control groups, with no robust evidence for PA-intervention-related improvements. (4) Conclusions: Preschool children’s participation in a preschool PA intervention improves their motor skills.

scholarly journals Feasibility and Effectiveness of a Wearable Technology-Based Physical Activity Intervention in Preschoolers: A Pilot Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wonwoo Byun ◽  
Erica Lau ◽  
Timothy Brusseau
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Parent Education ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Classroom Teachers ◽  
Parent Perception ◽  
Childcare Centers

The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility and the effectiveness of an intervention that employed a technology-based physical activity (PA) monitoring system and teacher-regulated strategies to promote PA in preschoolers. A total of 93 preschoolers (53% girls, 4.7 years) from 5 child care centers were recruited for a one-week intervention and randomly assigned into control (2 centers, n = 45) or intervention (3 centers, n = 48) group. Key intervention components included: (1) wearable device-based, real-time monitoring of children’s PA by classroom teachers and (2) teacher-regulated strategies for providing more opportunities for PA. Sedentary behavior (SED) and PA were measured using accelerometers. Overall, children in the intervention group showed significantly lower level of SED (31.6 vs. 33.6 min/h) and higher level of total PA (28.4 vs. 26.4 min/h) than children in the control group, after adjusting for age, sex, race, parent education level, parent perception of their child’s PA, BMI, and childcare centers. Teachers in the intervention group reported that the intervention was highly feasible to be implemented in their current classroom settings. In conclusion, we observed high acceptability and initial effectiveness of the current intervention. Subsequent research at larger-scale is warranted to fully evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention strategies tested in this study.

scholarly journals Controlled Evaluation of a Physical Activity Intervention for Senior School Students: Effects of the Lifetime Activity Program

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lubans ◽  
Kathy Sylva
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Learning Theories ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Significant Group

This study describes the development, implementation, and evaluation of a structured physical activity intervention designed for high school students (years 11 and 12). A sample of 78 students was randomly allocated to control or intervention conditions for a period of ten weeks. Students in the control group (n = 40) participated in unstructured physical activity in a health and fitness center. Students in the intervention group (n = 38) participated in a ten-week structured health and exercise program based on Banduraʼs social learning theories. At the initial posttest, a number of statistically significant group differences were found using analysis of covariance. The intervention group reported more physical activity and improved exercise self-efficacy in comparison to the control group. At the 3-month follow-up, no statistically significant differences in physical activity were found. Results from this study suggest that a well-organized exercise-based program can be effective in increasing physical activity behavior of adolescents on a short-term basis.

scholarly journals Web-Based Physical Activity Intervention for COPD: Differences Between Rural and Urban Veterans

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 497-497
Author(s):  
Stephanie Robinson ◽  
Stephanie Shimada ◽  
Caroline Richardson ◽  
Marilyn Moy
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Community Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Step Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Step Counts ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Count Change

Abstract Physical activity is recommended for all patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a disease prevalent among older adults. Rural Veterans often lack access to in-person services to support behavior change. Technology can be used to overcome these barriers. This secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial compared engagement (weekly website-logons) and efficacy (step-count change) measures of a 4-month technology-based physical activity intervention between rural and urban Veterans with COPD. Rural-urban commuting codes (RUCA) were used to classify participants (N=239; mean age=66.7±8.84 years) as ‘rural’ or ‘urban’. Participants were randomized 2:1 to a pedometer and website with iterative, individualized step-count feedback and goals, motivational and informational messages, and an online community (intervention group, n=155, 45.8% rural) or to receive a pedometer-alone (waitlist-control group, n=84, 44% rural). General linear modeling estimated the adjusted effect of rurality on intervention response. There was no significant rural-urban difference in weekly website-logons (3.33 vs. 3.17; p=.364). There was a significant interaction between rurality and group on step-count change (p=.045). Among rural participants, both intervention and controls increased their step counts (567.32 vs. 732.30; p=.769). Among urban participants, the intervention group demonstrated a significantly higher change in step-counts compared to controls (1052.67 vs. -313.57; p=.008). Results suggest that rural participants increased their step-counts similarly whether they received a pedometer alone or used the intervention, whereas only urban participants who used the intervention increased their step counts. It is possible that simply receiving the pedometer alone was sufficient for behavior change in the rural participants.

scholarly journals Push Notifications From a Mobile App to Improve the Body Composition of Overweight or Obese Women: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Hernández-Reyes ◽  
Fernando Cámara-Martos ◽  
Guillermo Molina Recio ◽  
Rafael Molina-Luque ◽  
Manuel Romero-Saldaña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Randomized Controlled

BACKGROUND Technology—in particular, access to the Internet from a mobile device—has forever changed the way we relate to others and how we behave in our daily life settings. In recent years, studies have been carried out to analyze the effectiveness of different actions via mobile phone in the field of health: telephone calls, short message service (SMS), telemedicine, and, more recently, the use of push notifications. We have continued to explore ways to increase user interaction with mobile apps, one of the pending subjects in the area of mHealth. By analyzing the data produced by subjects during a clinical trial, we were able to extract behavior patterns and, according to them, design effective protocols in weight loss programs. OBJECTIVE A clinical trial was proposed to (1) evaluate the efficacy of push notifications in an intervention aimed at improving the body composition of adult women who are overweight or obese, through a dietary procedure, and (2) analyze the evolution of body composition based on push notifications and prescribed physical activity (PA). METHODS A two-arm randomized controlled trial was carried out. A sample size of 117 adult obese women attended a face-to-face, 30-minute consultation once a week for 6 months. All patients were supplied with an app designed for this study and a pedometer. The control group did not have access to functionalities related to the self-monitoring of weight at home, gamification, or prescription of PA. The intervention group members were assigned objectives to achieve a degree of compliance with diet and PA through exclusive access to specific functionalities of the app and push notifications. The same diet was prescribed for all patients. Three possible PA scenarios were studied for both the control and intervention groups: light physical activity (LPA), moderate physical activity (MPA), and intense physical activity (IPA). For the analysis of three or more means, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) of repeated means was performed to evaluate the effects of the intervention at baseline and at 3 and 6 months. RESULTS Receiving notifications during the intervention increased body fat loss (mean -12.9% [SD 6.7] in the intervention group vs mean -7.0% [SD 5.7] in the control group; <i>P</i>&lt;.001) and helped to maintain muscle mass (mean -0.8% [SD 4.5] in the intervention group vs mean -3.2% [SD 2.8] in the control group; <i>P</i>&lt;.018). These variations between groups led to a nonsignificant difference in weight loss (mean -7.9 kg [SD 3.9] in the intervention group vs mean -7.1 kg [SD 3.4] in the control group; <i>P</i>&gt;.05). CONCLUSIONS Push notifications have proven effective in the proposed weight loss program, leading women who received them to achieve greater loss of fat mass and a maintenance or increase of muscle mass, specifically among those who followed a program of IPA. Future interventions should include a longer evaluation period; the impact of different message contents, as well as message delivery times and frequency, should also be researched. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03911583; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03911583

scholarly journals Physical Activity Intervention Effects on Sedentary Time in Spanish-Speaking Latinas

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-348
Author(s):  
Sheri J. Hartman ◽  
Dori Pekmezi ◽  
Shira I. Dunsiger ◽  
Bess H. Marcus
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Objectively Measured

Background: Latinas have high rates of sedentary behavior and related health disparities, but it is unknown if interventions to increase physical activity will also reduce sedentary time. The current study examined changes in objectively measured sedentary time among Latinas in a randomized controlled trial of a physical activity intervention. Methods: Spanish-speaking Latinas (N = 202) were randomized to an exercise or wellness group and wore an accelerometer at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Results: Participants were sedentary on an average of 8.86 hours per day (SD = 2.60) at baseline. The intervention group had significantly greater increases in sedentary time compared with the control group, with the intervention group engaging in 146 more minutes per week of sedentary time at 6 months and 254 minutes per week of sedentary time at 12 months than the control group (P = .02). The intervention effect on sedentary behavior remained after controlling for moderate to vigorous physical activity. Additionally, time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity was positively associated with more sedentary time (P = .04). Conclusion: An intervention to increase moderate to vigorous physical activity resulted in greater sedentary time, raising concerns regarding compensation and highlighting the need for interventions to address both physical activity and sedentary behavior to improve public health.

Randomized web-based physical activity intervention in adolescent survivors of childhood cancer.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 102-102
Author(s):  
Carrie R Howell ◽  
Kevin R. Krull ◽  
Robyn Partin, MS ◽  
Nina S. Kadan-Lottick ◽  
Leslie L. Robison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Activity Monitor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Survivors Of Childhood Cancer ◽  
Over Time

102 Background: This study of adolescent survivors of childhood cancer evaluated the initial efficacy of a web-delivered, interactive, rewards-based physical activity intervention that aimed to increase moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and improve fitness, neurocognitive and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes over 24 weeks. Methods: Survivors (aged ≥ 11 to < 15 years) who were not undergoing active cancer treatment, were physically active < 60 minutes/day and were treated at a single institution were randomized (2:1) to a rewards-based physical activity intervention delivered via the internet or a control group. The intervention group received educational materials, an activity monitor, and access to an interactive website designed to motivate increased physical activity via rewards (e.g. t-shirts, stickers, gift cards) and the control group received only the activity monitor and educational materials. Physical activity, fitness, neurocognitive and HRQoL outcomes were assessed at baseline and 24-weeks. Mean changes in outcomes were compared between groups using paired t-tests. Results: Of 97 survivors enrolled, 78 completed the study (53 in the intervention group, 25 in the control group), the mean age was 12.7 (SD 1.1), 80% were white, and 55.1% were female. The intervention group increased their MVPA over time (mean change in weekly MVPA: 4.7 minutes [SD 119.9]), while the control group steadily decreased their weekly MVPA (-24.3 minutes [SD 89.7]) (p = 0.30). In the intervention group, mean change in hand grip strength (p = 0.01), number of sit-ups (p < 0.01) and push-ups (p < 0.01), neurocognitive measures (e.g. verbal executive function, p < 0.01), and HRQoL outcomes (e.g. overall HRQoL, p = 0.01; physical function, p = 0.01) improved over time; no change was observed in the control group. Conclusions: These preliminary findings indicate that increasing MVPA via an intervention designed to increase motivation to exercise may have positive effects on fitness, neurocognitive and HRQoL outcomes in adolescent survivors of childhood cancer. Clinical trial information: NCT01778127.

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