scholarly journals Multiseptate Gallbladder in an Asymptomatic Child

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan Wanaguru ◽  
Ashish Jiwane ◽  
Andrew S. Day ◽  
Susan Adams
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Associated Anomalies ◽  
Asymptomatic Child ◽  
Multiseptate Gallbladder ◽  
One Year

A one-year-old child being investigated for urinary tract infection was diagnosed with a multiseptate gallbladder. The patient remains asymptomatic, and investigations demonstrate no associated anomalies. Forty-three cases, including 13 cases in children were identified in the literature. Their presentation and management were reviewed.

scholarly journals Change of Hospitalization Status Among Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease Before and After Receiving Chronic Hemodialysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiu-Lan Li ◽  
Pei-Hui Tai ◽  
Yi-Ting Hwang ◽  
Shih-Wei Lin ◽  
Li-Ching Lan
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
End Stage Kidney Disease ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Before And After ◽  
One Year ◽  
End Stage

Abstract Background:Compared with other diseases, end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) carries a greater risk of comorbidities including diabetes and anemia and has a higher hospital admission rate. The cause of hospital admission appears to be a common factor affecting the prognosis of patients with ESKD. Therefore, this study conducted a retrospective cohort analysis on all patients diagnosed with ESKD and receiving hemodialysis, investigating whether the type of their diagnosis for hospital admission changed before and after they started hemodialysis.Methods:This study recruited 592 patients with ESKD who received hemodialysis at any period between January 2005 and November 2017 and had been assigned the International Classification of Diseases Ninth Revision Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) code for ESKD. The patients’ demographic data and hospitalization status one year before and two years after they received hemodialysis were analyzed. A McNemar test was conducted to analyze the diagnostic changes from before to after hemodialysis in patients with ESKD.Results:The study’s sample of patients with ESKD comprised more women (51.86%) than men and had an average age of 67.15 years. The numbers of patients admitted to hospital for the following conditions all decreased significantly after they received hemodialysis: type 2 (non-insulin-dependent and adult-onset) diabetes; native atherosclerosis; urinary tract infection; gastric ulcer without mention of hemorrhage, perforation, or obstruction; pneumonia; reflux esophagitis; duodenal ulcer without mention of hemorrhage, perforation, or obstruction; and bacteremia. Most patients exhibited one or more of the following comorbidities: diabetes (n = 407, 68.75%), hypertension (n = 491, 82.94%), congestive heart failure (n = 161, 27.20%), ischemic heart disease (n = 125, 21.11%), cerebrovascular accident (n = 93, 15.71%), and gout (n = 96, 16.22%). An analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that changes in the ICD-9-CM codes for native atherosclerosis, urinary tract infection, pneumonia, and hyperkalemia were associated with age. Patients who developed pneumonia before or after they received hemodialysis tended to be older (range: 69–70 years old). Conclusions:This study investigated the causes of hospital admission among patients with ESKD one year before and two years after they received hemodialysis. This study results revealed hypertension to be the most common comorbidity. Regarding cause of admission, pneumonia was more prevalent in older than in younger patients. Moreover, changes in the ICD-9-CM codes of native atherosclerosis, urinary tract infection, pneumonia, and hyperkalemia were significantly correlated with age. Therefore, when administering comprehensive nursing care and treatment for ESKD, clinicians should not focus only on comorbidities but also consider factors (e.g., age) that can affect patient prognosis.

scholarly journals 1457. Antimicrobial Resistance of Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens in South Korea: A Surveillance Report of the One-Year Assessment in 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S532-S533
Author(s):  
Changseung Liu ◽  
Eun-Jeong Yoon ◽  
Dokyun Kim ◽  
Jong Hee Shin ◽  
Jeong Hwan Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
E Coli ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Korean Antimicrobial Surveillance System (Kor-GLASS) was established in 2016, which is compatible with the Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System launched by WHO. Here, we report a one-year assessment of Kor-GLASS in 2017, focusing on the antimicrobial resistance of urine isolates. Methods Non-duplicated clinical isolates of E. coli and K. pneumoniae recovered from urine cultures were collected from 8 sentinel hospitals. Demographic information, infection origin (hospital origin or community origin), and admission type were investigated. Bacterial species were confirmed using a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods. Results During the one-year period of surveillance from January 2017 to December 2017, a total of 9,130 (11.9%) isolates of target pathogens were recovered from urine specimens of 76,625 patients with suspected urinary tract infection (UTI). The rate of culture-positive was the highest in the < 1 age group (AG) (22.5%), stiffly decreased in the 5–<15 AG to 3.4%, and gradually increased with age up to 19.6% in the ≥ 85 AG. The mean occurrence of UTI per 10,000 patient-days for inpatients was 19.3 (range, 3.4–46.1) for E. coli and 4.0 (range, 1.5–7.3) for K. pneumoniae. Resistance rate for cefotaxime was higher than those for ceftazidime both in E. coli (31.3% vs. 10.3%) and K. pneumoniae isolates (39.0% vs. 29.8%). Resistance rate for ciprofloxacin in E. coli isolates was 40.9%, and that in K. pneumoniae isolates was 31.9%. Only 4.9% and 10.9% of E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates exhibited resistance phenotype to cefoxitin, respectively. Ertapenem-resistance was more frequently identified in K. pneumoniae isolates (1.6%) than in E. coli isolates (0.1%). Multidrug-resistance (MDR) phenotype was identified in 61.4% of the E. coli and 44.8% of K. pneumoniae urine isolates. Conclusion Kor-GLASS generated well-curated surveillance data devoid of collection bias or isolate duplication. Cefoxitin was an alternative treatment to ciprofloxacin for urinary tract infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae. About one-half of urine isolates belonged to either MDR or XDR. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Children Diagnosed with LowGrade (I-III) Vesicoureteral Reflux

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Anoush Azarfar ◽  
Yalda Ravanshad ◽  
Mohadese Golsorkhi ◽  
Anoush Azarfar ◽  
Azam Ghezi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Vesicoureteral Reflux ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Recurrent Infections ◽  
One Year ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux

Objective: The benefit of continuing and low-dose antibiotic therapy in urinary tract infection (UTI) prevention and renal injury for children diagnosed with primary vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is not obvious. Materials and Methods: Patients aged between 2 to 71 months with VUR grade I–III with UTI proved microbiologically were randomly classified into two groups to receive either antibiotic prophylaxis (50 mg/kg cephalexin) daily or nothing at all for one year. The main outcome was symptomatic UTI confirmed by lab tests. Results: A total of 60 children diagnosed with VUR grade I through III were enrolled in this study; At least five (17%) symptomatic UTI reported in 29 patients receiving antibiotic prophylaxis and four (12%) in 31 patients receiving no antibiotics at all. Results revealed that continuing and low-dose antibiotic prophylaxis does not significantly reduce the risk of symptomatic UTI in children with mild to moderate VUR. Conclusion: The use of antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing recurrent infections and kidney scar formation in children with VUR grade I-III is not supported by this study.

scholarly journals Clinico-Laboratory Profile and Drug Sensitivity Pattern in Urinary Tract Infection of Children in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Nibedita Paul ◽  
Nadia Nusrat ◽  
Md Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Farhana Rahman ◽  
Neshwa Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Drug Sensitivity ◽  
Young Infant ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
One Year ◽  
Culture Positive

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in children. About 7% girls and 2% of boys suffer from symptomatic, culture positive UTI by 6 years of age. These children present with poor feeding, irritability, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain or failure to thrive. Now a days antibiotic resistance is a global problem which hampers appropriate treatment of urinary tract infection in children. This study was done to see clinical profile, common pathogens and their drug sensitivity pattern in UTI. Methodology: It is a prospective study conducted in Delta Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka. All cases collected from outdoor patient or inpatient who were clinically suspected as UTI were enrolled in this study from January 2015 to July 2017. Total 200 cases were included. History was taken properly. Diagnosis of UTI was confirmed by urinalysis and culture sensitivity (C/S). All informations were recorded in preformed data sheet. Results: Usual presentations of UTI were fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, urinary complaints, poor feeding, labial adhesion, jaundice, excessive straining. Out of 200 cases 168 were culture positive. Group III age group (> 1year- 5 year) showed higher rate of UTI. UP to one year of age males were more affected than female and beyond one-year females were more affected than male. Most common isolated uropathogen was Escherichia coli. Most sensitive drugs for the pathogen were Imipenem and meropenem (89.39%) - Injectable form and nitrofurantoin (73.48 %)- Oral form. Conclusion: Presentation of UTI in case of young infant is different from older children. Clinical suspicion is important for early detection of UTI. Before starting antimicrobial therapy, we must do urinalysis and culture sensitive test to prevent recurrent UTI. Bangladesh J Child Health 2019; VOL 43 (2) :74-79

scholarly journals Pancake kidney: A rare developmental anomaly

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar Choudhary ◽  
Alok Kumar Tiwari ◽  
Hemant Khowal ◽  
Poras Chaudhary ◽  
Mohinder P. Arora
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Developmental Anomaly ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Associated Anomalies ◽  
Developmental Anomalies ◽  
Renal Ectopia

There are many developmental anomalies of the kidney. Pancake kidney is one of the rarest types of renal ectopia. We report a case of pancake kidney which was detected incidentally while treating a female patient for a urinary tract infection. Although urinary system anomalies often coexist with malformations of other organs and systems, no associated anomalies could be detected in this case. Pancake kidney is usually managed by surgery, but this case was managed conservatively without any complication.

scholarly journals Prevalence of urinary tract infections in febrile children less than five years of age: a chart review

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 359
Author(s):  
Shaik Ateal Saheb
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
One Year ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Culture Positive

Background: In children less than five years of age, fever is the most common reason to visit emergency/outpatient pediatric departments. Quite often, the child receives antibiotics empirically, without adequate evaluation for urinary tract infection. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of urinary tract infection (UTI) in febrile children, less than 59 months of age.Methods: Records of 370 children between 1 to 59 months of age, attending the department of paediatrics with febrile illness were reviewed. Data related to age, gender, socioeconomic status, nutritional status, clinical diagnosis, abdominal ultrasound, urinary microscopy and urine culture were analysed.Results: Records of 370 children were evaluated, among them, 240/370 (64.86%) children were below two years, and 130/370 (35.13%) were above two years. 165/370 (44.6%) were males, and 205/370 (55.4%) were females. The overall occurrence of urinary tract infection as defined by significant pyuria was 48/370 (12.9%) in children less than five years of age. The prevalence of UTI in children less than one year of age was 26/370 (7%), whereas it was 15/370 (4 %) in less than two years of age and 7/370 (1.8%) between two to five years. Among pyuric patients, 13/48 (27%) had a urine culture positive reports. The positive urine culture was seen in 6/13 (46%) of children with pus cells> 5/HPF and remaining 7/13 (54%) in children with pus cells >10/HPF. E. coli was the predominantly [9/13 (69%)] seen organism in urine cultures.Conclusions: In present study, the overall occurrence of UTI in children less than five years was 13%. Only 3.5% of children had culture-positive UTI. 46% of positive cultures were found in children having urine pus cells > five /HPF in the centrifuged sample, it is recommendable that children with pyuria should be evaluated thoroughly to initiate prompt treatment and have a successful outcome. 

scholarly journals Case report of urinary tract infection in sows of a commercial pig unit

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
K. SAOULIDIS (Κ. ΣΑΟΥΛΙΔΗΣ) ◽  
S. K. KRITAS (Σ.Κ. ΚΡΗΤΑΣ) ◽  
K. SARRIS (Κ. ΣΑΡΡΗΣ) ◽  
N. ROUBIES (Ν. ΡΟΥΜΠΙΕΣ) ◽  
S. C. KYRIAKIS (Σ.K. ΚΥΡΙΑΚΗΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Gradual Loss ◽  
One Year ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time ◽  
Respective Figure ◽  
Biochemical Examination

In this paper, a case of urinary tract infection in sows of a commercial pig unit is presented for the first time in Greece. Within a period of one year, 21 cases of specific infection were recorded, representing 5.8% of the farrowings in the farm. The symptoms were obvious around the 3rd to 4th week post mating and were keeping on for 2 to 7 days. Anorexia, thirst, blood in the urine and subsequent death or survival with gradual loss of body condition were the main findings. A significant correlation between the number of sows that died, and the number of sows showing anorexia (p<0,05), or showing hypothermia (p<0,05) was observed. The average number of live born piglets at the last parturition compared to the respective figure during the previous parturitions was markedly reduced (p<0,05). The findings of microscopic and biochemical examination of the urine were indicative of infection, while biochemical examinations of blood samples of diseased sows have shown significantly increased urea (BUN) and creatinine levels (p<0,05). Bacteriological culture of urine samples have shown the presence of increased numbers of bacteria (>106/ml) such as Escherichia coli and Actinomyces suis in almost all ill sows. It is concluded that porcine urinary tract infections may cause serious problems for pig enterprises as may be directly correlated with reproductive performance and viability of the sows.

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