scholarly journals Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Chi Lai ◽  
San-Nan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Perinatal Hypoxia ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Neuroprotective Strategies ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Clinical Potential ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is an important cause of brain injury in the newborn and can result in long-term devastating consequences. Perinatal hypoxia is a vital cause of long-term neurologic complications varying from mild behavioural deficits to severe seizure, mental retardation, and/or cerebral palsy in the newborn. In the mammalian developing brain, ongoing research into pathophysiological mechanism of neuronal injury and therapeutic strategy after perinatal hypoxia is still limited. With the advent of promising therapy of hypothermia in HIE, this paper reviews the pathophysiology of HIE and the future potential neuroprotective strategies for clinical potential for hypoxia sufferers.

scholarly journals The Kynurenic Acid Analog SZR72 Enhances Neuronal Activity after Asphyxia but Is Not Neuroprotective in a Translational Model of Neonatal Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4822
Author(s):  
Viktória Kovács ◽  
Gábor Remzső ◽  
Tímea Körmöczi ◽  
Róbert Berkecz ◽  
Valéria Tóth-Szűki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Kynurenic Acid ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Hippocampal Field ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
Density Values ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) remains to be a major cause of long-term neurodevelopmental deficits in term neonates. Hypothermia offers partial neuroprotection warranting research for additional therapies. Kynurenic acid (KYNA), an endogenous product of tryptophan metabolism, was previously shown to be beneficial in rat HIE models. We sought to determine if the KYNA analog SZR72 would afford neuroprotection in piglets. After severe asphyxia (pHa = 6.83 ± 0.02, ΔBE = −17.6 ± 1.2 mmol/L, mean ± SEM), anesthetized piglets were assigned to vehicle-treated (VEH), SZR72-treated (SZR72), or hypothermia-treated (HT) groups (n = 6, 6, 6; Tcore = 38.5, 38.5, 33.5 °C, respectively). Compared to VEH, serum KYNA levels were elevated, recovery of EEG was faster, and EEG power spectral density values were higher at 24 h in the SZR72 group. However, instantaneous entropy indicating EEG signal complexity, depression of the visual evoked potential (VEP), and the significant neuronal damage observed in the neocortex, the putamen, and the CA1 hippocampal field were similar in these groups. In the caudate nucleus and the CA3 hippocampal field, neuronal damage was even more severe in the SZR72 group. The HT group showed the best preservation of EEG complexity, VEP, and neuronal integrity in all examined brain regions. In summary, SZR72 appears to enhance neuronal activity after asphyxia but does not ameliorate early neuronal damage in this HIE model.

scholarly journals Neurodevelopmental outcome of babies with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 3197
Author(s):  
Sirajuddin Nazeer ◽  
Senthilkumar K. ◽  
Thangavel A. ◽  
Uma Maheswari M.
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Outcome ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Mri Brain ◽  
Early Markers ◽  
Cdc Grading ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Background: The aim of the study was to find out the neurodevelopmental outcome of babies with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy at 6 months of age and to predict early markers of abnormal neurological outcome in those babies.Methods: 50 babies admitted with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy were enrolled in this prospective study and followed up at 3 and 6 months of age at Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Government Hospital, Trichy. The neurological outcome of the babies was assessed by CDC grading of motor milestones, Trivandrum development screening chart, Amiel Tison angles head circumference and weight measured. USG cranium was done for all the babies and MRI brain was done in babies with abnormal neuro sonogram and abnormal outcome. Vision and hearing were tested clinically.Results: The incidence of abnormal neurological outcome was 14%. The early markers predicting abnormal neurological sequele are identified.Conclusions: Early identification of abnormal neuro behaviour helps in starting early intervention to improve the long term outcome.

scholarly journals Prognostic role of acute kidney injury on long-term outcome in infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Cavallin ◽  
Giulia Rubin ◽  
Enrico Vidal ◽  
Elisa Cainelli ◽  
Luca Bonadies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Prognostic Role ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

scholarly journals Preconditioning and Postinsult Therapies for Perinatal Hypoxic–Ischemic Injury at Term

2010 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Sanders ◽  
Helen J. Manning ◽  
Nicola J. Robertson ◽  
Daqing Ma ◽  
A. David Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Neuroprotective Agents ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Neuroprotective Strategies ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy can be a devastating complication of childbirth. Herein, the authors review the pathophysiology of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and the current status of neuroprotective strategies to ameliorate the injury centering on four themes: (1) monitoring in the perinatal period, (2) rapid identification of affected neonates to allow timely institution of therapy, (3) preconditioning therapy (a therapeutic that reduces the brain vulnerability) before hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, and (4) prompt institution of postinsult therapies to ameliorate the evolving injury. Recent clinical trials have demonstrated the significant benefit for hypothermic therapy in the postnatal period; furthermore, there is accumulating preclinical evidence that adjunctive therapies can enhance hypothermic neuroprotection. Advances in the understanding of preconditioning may lead to the administration of neuroprotective agents earlier during childbirth. Although most of these neuroprotective strategies have not yet entered clinical practice, there is a significant hope that further developments will enhance hypothermic neuroprotection.

Developing a long-term surviving piglet model of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine M. McCulloch ◽  
Tonse N. K. Raju ◽  
Shankararao Navale ◽  
C. Tyler Burt ◽  
Tabasam Roohey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy
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