scholarly journals Static and Dynamic User Portraits

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ko-Hsun Huang ◽  
Yi-Shin Deng ◽  
Ming-Chuen Chuang
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
User Modeling ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Service Design ◽  
Design Studies ◽  
Iterative Design ◽  
User Behaviors ◽  
Cross Platform

User modeling and profiling has been used to evaluate systems and predict user behaviors for a considerable time. Models and profiles are generally constructed based on studies of users’ behavior patterns, cognitive characteristics, or demographic data and provide an efficient way to present users’ preferences and interests. However, such modeling focuses on users’ interactions with a system and cannot support complicated social interaction, which is the emerging focus of serious games, educational hypermedia systems, experience, and service design. On the other hand, personas are used to portray and represent different groups and types of users and help designers propose suitable solutions in iterative design processes. However, clear guidelines and research approaches for developing useful personas for large-scale and complex social networks have not been well established. In this research, we reflect on three different design studies related to social interaction, experience, and cross-platform service design to discuss multiple ways of identifying both direct users and invisible users in design research. In addition, research methods and attributes to portray users are discussed.

scholarly journals The Development of a Virtual Escape Room to Trigger Social Interaction and Communication between High-Functioning Children with Autism and their Peers: An Iterative Design Approach (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gijs Terlouw ◽  
Derek Kuipers ◽  
Job van 't Veer ◽  
Jelle T Prins ◽  
Jean Pierre E N Pierie
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Serious Game ◽  
Boundary Object ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
Iterative Design ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
The Right

BACKGROUND Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have social deficits that affect social interaction, communication, and relationships with peers. Many interventions focus mainly on improving social skills in a clinical setting. However, developed social skills are not necessarily applied to children's daily life at school, and children with ASD face challenges in forming and maintaining relationships with peers. In addition to the direct-instruction-based programs, more activity-based programs could be of added value, especially to bridge the relational gap between children with ASD and their peers. OBJECTIVE This paper describes an iterative design process of the development of a virtual escape room as an activity-based serious game and describes the development of a game as a boundary object. The purpose of the serious game is to facilitate and trigger direct communication between high-functioning children with ASD and their peers. During the design research process, we examined in small steps whether the developed prototypes are feasible and whether they have the potential to achieve the objective of the serious game. METHODS This study is structured around the Design Research Framework to develop the escape room through an iterative-incremental process. Three playful test sessions (n=12; n=21; n=12) with different prototypes were initiated to eventually develop a beta-prototype. The beta-prototype was subsequently tested with children (n=12) and experts (n=12). RESULTS By testing various prototypes, including a paper prototype and an augmented reality prototype, different insights were found to get the design right. Insights were gathered to find the right theme, content, practical constraints, and shape of the serious game. Eventually, a multiplayer virtual escape room, AScapeD, was developed. Three children can play the serious game together in the same room on tablet devices. The first tests show that the game triggers social interaction and communication between the children. CONCLUSIONS This paper presented the iterative design process of AScapeD. AScapeD triggers social interaction and connection in a playful way between children with ASD and their peers. The conceptual structure of an escape room contributes to the natural emergence of communication and cooperation. The iterative design process has been beneficial to finding the right design, getting the design right, and contributed to the design of a serious game as a boundary object which mediates the various objectives of different stakeholders. The developed prototype is feasible and has the potential to achieve the aim of the serious game.

scholarly journals User-as-Graph: User Modeling with Heterogeneous Graph Pooling for News Recommendation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuhan Wu ◽  
Fangzhao Wu ◽  
Yongfeng Huang ◽  
Xing Xie
Keyword(s):  
User Modeling ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
User Interest ◽  
Graph Topology ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
User Behaviors ◽  
Different Types ◽  
As Graph ◽  
The Rich ◽  
News Recommendation

Accurate user modeling is critical for news recommendation. Existing news recommendation methods usually model users' interest from their behaviors via sequential or attentive models. However, they cannot model the rich relatedness between user behaviors, which can provide useful contexts of these behaviors for user interest modeling. In this paper, we propose a novel user modeling approach for news recommendation, which models each user as a personalized heterogeneous graph built from user behaviors to better capture the fine-grained behavior relatedness. In addition, in order to learn user interest embedding from the personalized heterogeneous graph, we propose a novel heterogeneous graph pooling method, which can summarize both node features and graph topology, and be aware of the varied characteristics of different types of nodes. Experiments on large-scale benchmark dataset show the proposed methods can effectively improve the performance of user modeling for news recommendation.

scholarly journals Immersion in the Workplace: A Unique Model for Students to Engage in Real-World Service Design

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anezka Sebek ◽  
John Jones
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Meaningful Work ◽  
Service Design ◽  
Design And Technology ◽  
Design Studies ◽  
Immersion Program ◽  
The One ◽  
Internship Programs

Since 2015, Fjord and Parsons School of Design have been collaborating to create a mutually beneficial alternative to internships by immersing Design and Technology graduate students in the one-week Fjord Immersive Design Studies. The Design Studies at Fjord operate outside of direct client work and are a perfect vehicle to engage students in structured human-centered design research. The mission of the Fjord/Parsons Immersion Program is to influence the future of design, to shape future designers, and to propel Fjord’s service design innovation. For the Parsons students, the experience as contributing members of a service design team is an unusual benefit. While traditional months-long internship programs can sometimes be a strain on company resources or an unproductive learning experience for students, the Fjord/ Parsons Immersion Program is an excellent alternative training opportunity to engage students in meaningful work to achieve valuable research in human-centered service design for Fjord. This paper discusses six cases of Parsons graduate students who benefitted from the program.

Social Design for Services Framework

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie SARANTOU ◽  
Satu MIETTINEN
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Service Design ◽  
Social Design ◽  
Practical Action ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

This paper addresses the fields of social and service design in development contexts, practice-based and constructive design research. A framework for social design for services will be explored through the survey of existing literature, specifically by drawing on eight doctoral theses that were produced by the World Design research group. The work of World Design researcher-designers was guided by a strong ethos of social and service design for development in marginalised communities. The paper also draws on a case study in Namibia and South Africa titled ‘My Dream World’. This case study presents a good example of how the social design for services framework functions in practice during experimentation and research in the field. The social design for services framework transfers the World Design group’s research results into practical action, providing a tool for the facilitation of design and research processes for sustainable development in marginal contexts.

scholarly journals MAPPING AND ENHANCING DESIGN STUDIES WITH PSI META-THEORETIC DESIGN FRAMEWORK

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 2007-2016
Author(s):  
Yoram Reich ◽  
Eswaran Subrahmanian
Keyword(s):  
Design Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Design Studies ◽  
Abstraction Level ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
Abstract Framework ◽  
Tools And Methods

AbstractDesign research as a field has been studied from diverse perspectives starting from product inception to their disposal. The product of these studies includes knowledge, tools, methods, processes, frameworks, approaches, and theories. The contexts of these studies are innumerable. The unit of these studies varies from individuals to organizations, using a variety of theoretical tools and methods that have fragmented the field, making it difficult to understand the map of this corpus of knowledge across this diversity.In this paper, we propose a model-based approach that on the one hand, does not delve into the details of the design object itself, but on the other hand, unifies the description of design problem at another abstraction level. The use of this abstract framework allows for describing and comparing underlying models of published design studies using the same language to place them in the right context in which design takes place and to enable to inter-relate them, to understand the wholes and the parts of design studies.Patterns of successful studies could be generated and used by researchers to improve the design of new studies, understand the outcome of existing studies, and plan follow-up studies.

scholarly journals TRACING THE EMERGENCE OF DESIGN PROBLEMS AND THEIR IMPACTS ON THE COMPLEXITY OF ENGINEERING SOLUTIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 3229-3238
Author(s):  
Torben Beernaert ◽  
Pascal Etman ◽  
Maarten De Bock ◽  
Ivo Classen ◽  
Marco De Baar
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Fusion Reactor ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Engineering Model ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Nuclear Fusion Reactor ◽  
Early Design Stage ◽  
Iterative Design ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
Emergent Design

AbstractThe design of ITER, a large-scale nuclear fusion reactor, is intertwined with profound research and development efforts. Tough problems call for novel solutions, but the low maturity of those solutions can lead to unexpected problems. If designers keep solving such emergent problems in iterative design cycles, the complexity of the resulting design is bound to increase. Instead, we want to show designers the sources of emergent design problems, so they may be dealt with more effectively. We propose to model the interplay between multiple problems and solutions in a problem network. Each problem and solution is then connected to a dynamically changing engineering model, a graph of physical components. By analysing the problem network and the engineering model, we can (1) derive which problem has emerged from which solution and (2) compute the contribution of each design effort to the complexity of the evolving engineering model. The method is demonstrated for a sequence of problems and solutions that characterized the early design stage of an optical subsystem of ITER.

scholarly journals Social media as author-audience games

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre F. Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
User Modeling ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Shared Content ◽  
Current Content

AbstractWe present an approach for the prediction of user authorship and feedback behavior with shared content. We consider that users use models of other users and their feedback to choose what to publish next. We look at the problem as a game between authors and audiences and relate it to current content-based user modeling solutions with no prior strategic models. As applications, we consider the large-scale authorship of Wikipedia pages, movies and food recipes. We demonstrate analytic properties, authorship and feedback prediction results, and an overall framework to study content authorship regularities in social media.

scholarly journals Meta-Apo improves accuracy of 16S-amplicon-based prediction of microbiome function

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gongchao Jing ◽  
Yufeng Zhang ◽  
Wenzhi Cui ◽  
Lu Liu ◽  
Jian Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Training Sample ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Cross Platform ◽  
Functional Profiles

Abstract Background Due to their much lower costs in experiment and computation than metagenomic whole-genome sequencing (WGS), 16S rRNA gene amplicons have been widely used for predicting the functional profiles of microbiome, via software tools such as PICRUSt 2. However, due to the potential PCR bias and gene profile variation among phylogenetically related genomes, functional profiles predicted from 16S amplicons may deviate from WGS-derived ones, resulting in misleading results. Results Here we present Meta-Apo, which greatly reduces or even eliminates such deviation, thus deduces much more consistent diversity patterns between the two approaches. Tests of Meta-Apo on > 5000 16S-rRNA amplicon human microbiome samples from 4 body sites showed the deviation between the two strategies is significantly reduced by using only 15 WGS-amplicon training sample pairs. Moreover, Meta-Apo enables cross-platform functional comparison between WGS and amplicon samples, thus greatly improve 16S-based microbiome diagnosis, e.g. accuracy of gingivitis diagnosis via 16S-derived functional profiles was elevated from 65 to 95% by WGS-based classification. Therefore, with the low cost of 16S-amplicon sequencing, Meta-Apo can produce a reliable, high-resolution view of microbiome function equivalent to that offered by shotgun WGS. Conclusions This suggests that large-scale, function-oriented microbiome sequencing projects can probably benefit from the lower cost of 16S-amplicon strategy, without sacrificing the precision in functional reconstruction that otherwise requires WGS. An optimized C++ implementation of Meta-Apo is available on GitHub (https://github.com/qibebt-bioinfo/meta-apo) under a GNU GPL license. It takes the functional profiles of a few paired WGS:16S-amplicon samples as training, and outputs the calibrated functional profiles for the much larger number of 16S-amplicon samples.

Phenotypic selection in a population of Crepis tectorum ssp. pumila (Asteraceae)

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Surprising Result ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Ecotypic Differentiation ◽  
Crepis Tectorum

A 3-year demographic study was conducted to reveal targets of selection on morphology and life history in a population of Crepis tectorum ssp. pumila, a winter annual plant confined to calcareous grasslands (alvars) on the Baltic island of Öland (south Sweden). I calculated the selection differential to describe the change in the mean value of a character due to selection and used multiple regression analyses to partition the direct effect of selection on the trait from indirect responses of selection on other traits. Rosette leaf number, a convenient measure of plant size, was strongly correlated with both viability and fertility (fitness). There was also a strong relationship between fitness and the extent to which the plants expressed traits characterizing this particular taxon. Multiple regression analyses indicated direct selection favouring plants with deeply lobed leaves and a densely branched stem, two distinctive traits of ssp. pumila believed to be adaptive in the alvar habitat. Only stem height was subject to both direct and indirect selection in the wrong direction; taller individuals were more successful than those with a shorter stem, a surprising result considering the inferred advantage of a short stature in the exposed alvar habitat. Selection on other traits assumed to be ecologically important (germination time, flowering time, and seed size) was found to be either absent or variable in direction when other traits were held constant. The failure of plants to survive to the flowering stage in the last two summers indicates strong selection for plants that produce a high percentage of dormant seeds. Overall, the contemporary selection regime as revealed by demographic data was only partly congruent with predictions regarding historical selection pressures based on large-scale patterns of variation (ecotypic differentiation). Key words: Crepis tectorum, ecotypic differentiation, life history, morphology, phenotypic selection.

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