scholarly journals Improvement of Soybean Oil Solvent Extraction through Enzymatic Pretreatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. V. Grasso ◽  
P. A. Montoya ◽  
C. C. Camusso ◽  
B. G. Maroto
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Enzymatic Pretreatment ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
And Diffusion

The purpose of this study is to evaluate multienzyme hydrolysis as a pretreatment option to improve soybean oil solvent extraction and its eventual adaptation to conventional processes. Enzymatic action causes the degradation of the cell structures that contain oil. Improvements in terms of extraction, yield, and extraction rate are expected to be achieved. Soybean flakes and collets were used as materials and hexane was used as a solvent. Temperature, pH, and incubation time were optimized and diffusion coefficients were estimated for each solid. Extractions were carried out in a column, oil content was determined according to time, and a mathematical model was developed to describe the system. The optimum conditions obtained were pH 5.4,38°C, and 9.7 h, and pH 5.8,44°C, and 5.8𲀉h of treatment for flakes and collets, respectively. Hydrolyzed solids exhibited a higher yield. Diffusion coefficients were estimated between 10-11and 10-10. The highest diffusion coefficient was obtained for hydrolyzed collets. 0.73 g oil/mL and 0.7 g oil/mL were obtained at 240 s in a column for collets and flakes, respectively. Hydrolyzed solids exhibited a higher yield. The enzymatic incubation accelerates the extraction rate and allows for higher yield. The proposed model proved to be appropriate.

Effect of Ethanol Treatment on Lycopene Extraction yield

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nam Kyong-il ◽  
KIM rak-chon ◽  
Kang chang-hyok ◽  
Lee song-nam ◽  
Ryom sok-hun
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Ethanol Treatment ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Pretreatment Method ◽  
Ethanol Pretreatment

In order to extract lycopene more effectively, this experiment focused on the optimization of ethanol pretreatment method to study the effects of ethanol treatment on the extraction rate of lycopene and its antioxidant activity. The test results show that 2 times ethanol treatment is very effective for improving lycopene yield. The optimum conditions of ethanol treatment are temperature 50 ℃, treatment time 1 time 2h, 2 times 2h, solid to liquid ratio is 1:12. The lycopene yield can be reached 20mg / 100g above.

Effect of Ethanol Treatment on Lycopene Extraction yield

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nam Kyong-il ◽  
KIM rak-chon ◽  
Kang chang-hyok ◽  
Lee song-nam ◽  
Ryom sok-hun
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Ethanol Treatment ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Pretreatment Method ◽  
Ethanol Pretreatment

In order to extract lycopene more effectively, this experiment focused on the optimization of ethanol pretreatment method to study the effects of ethanol treatment on the extraction rate of lycopene and its antioxidant activity. The test results show that 2 times ethanol treatment is very effective for improving lycopene yield. The optimum conditions of ethanol treatment are temperature 50 ℃, treatment time 1 time 2h, 2 times 2h, solid to liquid ratio is 1:12. The lycopene yield can be reached 20mg / 100g above.

scholarly journals Effects of Ultrasound Treatment on Extraction and Rheological Properties of Polysaccharides from Auricularia Cornea var. Li.

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinping Wang ◽  
Cuina Wang ◽  
Mingruo Guo
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Ultrasound Treatment ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference

Auricularia cornea var. Li. is an edible fungi and polysaccharides in Auricularia cornea var. Li. may have bioactive activities. Polysaccharides from Auricularia cornea var. Li. (ACP) was extracted using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method and compared with hot water extraction (HWE) for extraction yield, extraction rate, purity of polysaccharides, microstructure of residues after extraction, preliminary structure and rheological properties of polysaccharides. Optimum conditions for UAE (particle size of 150–200 mesh, water to raw material ratio of 70:1, extraction temperature at 70 °C for 40 min, ultrasonic amplitude of 40%) and HWE (particle size of 150–200 mesh, water to raw material ratio of 60:1, extraction temperature at 90 °C for 3.0 h) were obtained via single-factor experiment. Under optimum conditions, extraction yield of polysaccharides by UAE was 30.99 ± 1.93% which showed no significant difference with that by HWE (30.35 ± 1.67%) (P > 0.05). Extraction rate (29.29 ± 1.41%) and purity (88.62 ± 2.80%) of polysaccharides by UAE were higher than those by HWE (extraction rate of 24.95 ± 2.78% and purity of 75.33 ± 6.15%) (P < 0.05). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of residues by UAE showed more broken cells than those by HWE. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra showed that the dialyzed ACP extracted by HWE and UAE (DACP-HWE and DACP-UAE) had similar characteristic absorption peaks of polysaccharides. Both DACP-HWE and DACP-UAE solutions showed typical shear thinning and temperature-independent behaviors (25–90 °C) and UAE resulted in polysaccharides with remarkably lower viscosity in comparison with HWE. DACP-UAE solutions exhibited more liquid-like state while DACP-HWE solutions solid-like system. Data indicated that ultrasound treatment may be a useful means for extraction of polysaccharides from Auricularia cornea var. Li.

scholarly journals Leaching and solvent extraction purification of zinc from Mehdiabad complex oxide ore

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faraz Soltani ◽  
Hossna Darabi ◽  
Reza Aram ◽  
Mahdi Ghadiri
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Central Composite Design ◽  
Complex Oxide ◽  
Hydrometallurgical Process ◽  
Purification Process ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Leaching Experiments ◽  
Central Composite ◽  
Sulphuric Acid Concentration

AbstractAn integrated hydrometallurgical process was used for the zinc leaching and purification from a zinc ore containing 9.75 wt% zinc. The zinc minerals in the ore were hemimorphite, willemite, and calcophanite. Main gangue minerals were quartz, goethite, hematite, and calcite. Central composite design (CCD) method was used to design leaching experiments and the optimum conditions were found as follows: 30% of solid fraction, 22.05% sulphuric acid concentration, and the leaching temperature of 45 °C. The PLS containing 35.07 g/L zinc, 3.16 g/L iron, and 4.58 g/L manganese impurities was produced. A special purification process including Fe precipitation and Zn solvent extraction was implemented. The results showed that after precipitation of iron, Zn extraction of 88.5% was obtained with the 2 stages extraction system composed of 30 vol% D2EHPA as extractant. The overall Zn recovery from the ore was 71.44%. Therefore, an appropriate solution containing 16.6 g/L Zn, 0.05 g/L Fe, and 0.11 g/L Mn was prepared for the electro-winning unit without using the roasting and calcination steps (conventional method), which result in environmental pollution.

PREDICTION OF THE TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF SF6 WITH O2, CO2, CF4, N2 AND CH4 MIXTURES AT LOW DENSITY BY THE INVERSION METHOD (PART II)

2004 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 69-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
BEHZAD HAGHIGHI ◽  
ALIREZA HASSANI DJAVANMARDI ◽  
MOHAMAD MEHDI PAPARI ◽  
MOHSEN NAJAFI
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Potential Energy Function ◽  
Model Potential ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Initial Model ◽  
Lennard Jones ◽  
Inversion Procedure ◽  
And Diffusion

Viscosity and diffusion coefficients for five equimolar binary gas mixtures of SF 6 with O 2, CO 2, CF 4, N 2 and CH 4 gases are determined from the extended principle of corresponding states of viscosity by the inversion technique. The Lennard–Jones 12-6 (LJ 12-6) potential energy function is used as the initial model potential required by the technique. The obtained interaction potential energies from the inversion procedure reproduce viscosity within 1% and diffusion coefficients within 5%.

scholarly journals Boundary behavior and product-form stationary distributions of jump diffusions in the orthant with state-dependent reflections

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (02) ◽  
pp. 529-547
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Piera ◽  
Ravi R. Mazumdar ◽  
Fabrice M. Guillemin
Keyword(s):  
Random Fields ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Boundary Behavior ◽  
Stationary Regime ◽  
Product Form ◽  
Local Times ◽  
Nonnegative Orthant ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
The Times ◽  
And Diffusion

In this paper we consider reflected diffusions with positive and negative jumps, constrained to lie in the nonnegative orthant of ℝ n . We allow for the drift and diffusion coefficients, as well as for the directions of reflection, to be random fields over time and space. We provide a boundary behavior characterization, generalizing known results in the nonrandom coefficients and constant directions of the reflection case. In particular, the regulator processes are related to semimartingale local times at the boundaries, and they are shown not to charge the times the process expends at the intersection of boundary faces. Using the boundary results, we extend the conditions for product-form distributions in the stationary regime to the case when the drift and diffusion coefficients, as well as the directions of reflection, are random fields over space.

scholarly journals The rate of evaporation of droplets. Evaporation and diffusion coefficients, and vapour pressures of dibutyl phthalate and butyl stearate

1946 ◽  
Vol 186 (1006) ◽  
pp. 368-390 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Dibutyl Phthalate ◽  
Droplet Evaporation ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Good Accordance ◽  
Butyl Stearate ◽  
Rate Of Evaporation ◽  
Low Pressures ◽  
And Diffusion

The rate of evaporation of drops of dibutyl phthalate and butyl stearate of radius approx. 0.5 mm. has been studied by means of a microbalance over a range of atmospheric pressures down to approx. 0*1 mm. of mercury. Wide departures from Langmuir’s evaporation formula were found to occur at these low pressures, but results are in good accordance with the theory of droplet evaporation advanced by Fuchs which hitherto has not been tested experimentally. This experimental verification of Fuch’s theory for droplets of medium size evaporating at low pressures shows that the theory can be applied to the evaporation of very small drops at atmospheric pressure. The vapour pressures of the above liquids have been measured by Knudsen’s method and the evaporation and diffusion coefficients calculated fro n the experimental data.

Extraction of β-Sitosterol from Jatropha Seed Oil

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 1210-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Yu Liu ◽  
Hao Lu ◽  
Li Jie Sun ◽  
Xin Guo
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Zinc Chloride ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Extraction Technique ◽  
Power Ratio ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Jatropha Seed ◽  
Solvent Extraction Technique

Solvent extraction technique was applied for the extraction of β-Sitosterol from jatropha seed oil．The optimum conditions for the lab scale extraction were obtained at 30ml solvent, 0.05g magnesium power, ratio of hydrochloric acid to zinc chloride of 1/1.75 (ml/g) and tetrahydrofuran as a solvent. Under the optical conditions, the yield of β-sitosterol was up to 3.27mg/g.

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