scholarly journals Intramuscular Adipose Tissue, Sarcopenia, and Mobility Function in Older Individuals

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin L. Marcus ◽  
Odessa Addison ◽  
Leland E. Dibble ◽  
K. Bo Foreman ◽  
Glen Morrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Intramuscular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mobility Function ◽  
Muscle Impairment ◽  
And Function

Objective. Intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) and sarcopenia may adversely impact mobility function and physical activity. This study determined the association of locomotor muscle structure and function with mobility function in older adults.Method. 109 older adults with a variety of comorbid disease conditions were examined for thigh muscle composition via MRI, knee extensor strength via isometric dynamometry, and mobility function. The contribution of strength, quadriceps lean tissue, and IMAT to explaining the variability in mobility function was examined using multivariate linear regression models.Results. The predictors as a group contributed 27–45% of the variance in all outcome measures; however, IMAT contributed between 8–15% of the variance in all four mobility variables, while lean explained only 5% variance in only one mobility measure.Conclusions. Thigh IMAT, a newly identified muscle impairment appears to be a potent muscle variable related to the ability of older adults to move about in their community.

INCREASED INTRAMUSCULAR ADIPOSE TISSUE IS RELATED TO INCREASED CAPILLARIZATION IN OLDER ADULTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
O. Addison
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Intramuscular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background: High levels of intramuscular adipose tissue and low levels of capillarization are both predicative of low muscle and mobility function in older adults, however little is known about their relationship. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of intramuscular adipose tissue and capillarization in older adults. Setting: An outpatient medical center. Participants: Forty-seven sedentary adults (age 59.9 ± 1.0 years, BMI 32.0 ± 0.7 kg/m2, VO2max 22.4 ± 0.7 ml/kg/min); Measurements: All participants underwent CT scans to determine intramuscular adipose tissue and muscle biopsies to determine capillarization in the mid-thigh. A step-wise hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to examine the contributions of age, sex, race, body mass index, 2-hour postprandial glucose, VO2max, and muscle capillarization, to the variability in intramuscular adipose tissue. Results: The predictors as a group accounted for 38.1% of the variance in intramuscular adipose tissue, with body mass index and capillarization each significantly contributing to the final model (P<0.001). The part correlation of body mass index with intramuscular adipose tissue was r = 0.47, and the part correlation of capillarization with intramuscular adipose tissue was r = 0.39, indicating that body mass index and capillarization explained 22.1%, and 15.2% of the variance in intramuscular adipose tissue. Conclusions: While increased muscle capillarization is typically thought of as a positive development, in some clinical conditions, such as tendinopathies, an increase in capillarization is part of the pathological process related to expansion of the extracellular matrix and fibrosis. This may also be an explanation for the surprising finding that high capillarization is related to high levels of intramuscular adipose tissue. Future studies are necessary to determine the relationship of changes in both capillarization and intramuscular adipose tissue after interventions, such as exercise.

scholarly journals Abdominal and Thigh Muscle Attenuation Is Associated With Visceral Fat and Age in Children and Adolescents With Obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2333794X1881712
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Akima ◽  
Keigo Kainuma ◽  
Kenji Togashi
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Severe Obesity ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase ◽  
Intramuscular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Adductor Muscles ◽  
Signal Intensities

Objective. This study investigated relationships between adipose tissue deposition within skeletal muscle and morphological and biochemical variables in children with obesity. Methods. Fifty-one Japanese children (16 girls) aged 7 to 16 years were assigned to either mild (<20%), moderate (≥20% to <50%), or severe obesity groups (≥50%). Computed tomography images were taken to calculate the cross-sectional area (CSA) of muscle, subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue (VAT, for abdomen only), and muscle signal intensities, as an index of intramuscular adipose tissue in the anterior, lateral, and posterior muscles of the abdomen and quadriceps, hamstring and adductor muscles in the thigh. Fasting blood samples were collected to measure plasma lipids, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, uric acid, glucose, and HbA1c. Results. Signal intensity in the severe obesity group was significantly lower than mild and moderate obesity groups in the abdomen and significantly lower than the moderate obesity group in the thigh. Stepwise regression analysis with signal intensity as dependent variable revealed that VAT CSA and age in abdominal muscles and VAT CSA, age, and triglycerides in thigh muscles are predictors of signal intensities. Conclusions. These results suggest that VAT CSA and age are predictors of intramuscular adipose tissue of the abdominal and thigh in children with obesity.

scholarly journals Associations of Quadriceps Torque Properties with Muscle Size, Attenuation, and Intramuscular Adipose Tissue in Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 931-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W Frank-Wilson ◽  
Didier Chalhoub ◽  
Pedro Figueiredo ◽  
Pálmi V Jónsson ◽  
Kristín Siggeirsdóttir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Intramuscular Adipose Tissue

scholarly journals Influence of acetaminophen and ibuprofen on in vivo patellar tendon adaptations to knee extensor resistance exercise in older adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 508-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Carroll ◽  
J. M. Dickinson ◽  
J. K. LeMoine ◽  
J. M. Haus ◽  
E. M. Weinheimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Stiffness Modulus ◽  
Peripheral Tissues

Millions of older individuals consume acetaminophen or ibuprofen daily and these same individuals are encouraged to participate in resistance training. Several in vitro studies suggest that cyclooxygenase-inhibiting drugs can alter tendon metabolism and may influence adaptations to resistance training. Thirty-six individuals were randomly assigned to a placebo (67 ± 2 yr old), acetaminophen (64 ± 1 yr old; 4,000 mg/day), or ibuprofen (64 ± 1 yr old; 1,200 mg/day) group in a double-blind manner and completed 12 wk of knee extensor resistance training. Before and after training in vivo patellar tendon properties were assessed with MRI [cross-sectional area (CSA) and signal intensity] and ultrasonography of patellar tendon deformation coupled with force measurements to obtain stiffness, modulus, stress, and strain. Mean patellar tendon CSA was unchanged ( P > 0.05) with training in the placebo group, and this response was not influenced with ibuprofen consumption. Mean tendon CSA increased with training in the acetaminophen group (3%, P < 0.05), primarily due to increases in the mid (7%, P < 0.05) and distal (8%, P < 0.05) tendon regions. Correspondingly, tendon signal intensity increased with training in the acetaminophen group at the mid (13%, P < 0.05) and distal (15%, P = 0.07) regions. When normalized to pretraining force levels, patellar tendon deformation and strain decreased 11% ( P < 0.05) and stiffness, modulus, and stress were unchanged ( P > 0.05) with training in the placebo group. These responses were generally uninfluenced by ibuprofen consumption. In the acetaminophen group, tendon deformation and strain increased 20% ( P < 0.05) and stiffness (−17%, P < 0.05) and modulus (−20%, P < 0.05) decreased with training. These data suggest that 3 mo of knee extensor resistance training in older adults induces modest changes in the mechanical properties of the patellar tendon. Over-the-counter doses of acetaminophen, but not ibuprofen, have a strong influence on tendon mechanical and material property adaptations to resistance training. These findings add to a growing body of evidence that acetaminophen has profound effects on peripheral tissues in humans.

scholarly journals Relationship between physical activity time and intramuscular adipose tissue content of the thigh muscle groups of younger and older men

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madoka Ogawa ◽  
Noriko Tanaka ◽  
Akito Yoshiko ◽  
Yoshiharu Oshida ◽  
Teruhiko Koike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Time ◽  
Intramuscular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Muscle Groups

AbstractWe investigated the effect of physical activity on muscle tissue size and intramuscular adipose tissue (IntraMAT) content in the thigh muscle groups of younger and older men. Twenty younger and 20 older men participated in this study. The muscle tissue cross-sectional area (CSA) and the IntraMAT content in the quadriceps femoris (QF), hamstrings (HM), hip adductors (AD), and mid-thigh total were measured using magnetic resonance imaging. The physical activity time was measured using a triaxial accelerometer, and four levels of physical activity were determined depending on the metabolic equivalent of task (METs), including sedentary (≤ 1.5 METs), light intensity (≤ 2.9 METs), moderate intensity (3.0–5.9 METs), and vigorous intensity (≥ 6.0 METs). No significant correlation was observed between the physical activity parameters and muscle tissue CSA in both groups. The IntraMAT content of the three muscle groups (QF, AD, and HM) and the total thigh was inversely correlated with the time of moderate-intensity physical activity (rs =  − 0.625 to − 0.489, P < 0.05, for all comparisons) in the young group, but not in the older group. These results indicate that IntraMAT accumulation was associated with the amount of moderate-physical activity in younger men.

Intramuscular adipose tissue and central activation in older adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 813-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Yoshida ◽  
Robin L. Marcus ◽  
Paul C. Lastayo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Central Activation ◽  
Intramuscular Adipose Tissue

scholarly journals Intermuscular Fat: A Review of the Consequences and Causes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odessa Addison ◽  
Robin L. Marcus ◽  
Paul C. LaStayo ◽  
Alice S. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Intermuscular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mobility Function ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
And Function

Muscle’s structural composition is an important factor underlying muscle strength and physical function in older adults. There is an increasing amount of research to support the clear disassociation between the loss of muscle lean tissue mass and strength with aging. This disassociation implies that factors in addition to lean muscle mass are responsible for the decreases in strength and function seen with aging. Intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) is a significant predictor of both muscle function and mobility function in older adults and across a wide variety of comorbid conditions such as stroke, spinal cord injury, diabetes, and COPD. IMAT is also implicated in metabolic dysfunction such as insulin resistance. The purpose of this narrative review is to provide a review of the implications of increased IMAT levels in metabolic, muscle, and mobility function. Potential treatment options to mitigate increasing levels of IMAT will also be discussed.

scholarly journals Adipose Tissue, Muscle, and Function: Potential Mediators of Associations Between Body Weight and Mortality in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes Care ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 3213-3219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel A. Murphy ◽  
Ilse Reinders ◽  
Melissa E. Garcia ◽  
Gudny Eiriksdottir ◽  
Lenore J. Launer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
And Function ◽  
Function Potential

scholarly journals Isometric, Eccentric, and Concentric Strength in Trained and Untrained Older Adults: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Fernando Rosete ◽  
Lorrie Brilla ◽  
David N. Suprak ◽  
Erik T. Hummer ◽  
Jun G. San Juan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Trained Group ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Peak Knee ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

Background: Despite an overall decrease in muscular strength, older adults maintain eccentric (ECC) strength in greater proportions compared to isometric (ISO) and concentric (CON) strength. While resistance training is promoted for older adults, the impact of resistance training on ISO, ECC, and CON strength is relatively unknown. Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare peak ISO, ECC and CON knee extensor moments between trained and untrained older individuals. Methods: A quasi-experimental design with a two-group comparison, ex post facto, was conducted. Twenty older adults (8 females, 69.6 ± 6.1 years, 80.5 ± 16.4 kg, 1.7 ± 0.1 m) were allocated to two groups, one undergoing resistance training (n =10) and one not (n = 10). An isokinetic dynamometer measured ISO, ECC, and CON knee extensor moments. Peak knee extensor moments (Nm) and ECC: ISO ratio were analyzed using a Kruskal-Wallis test (α = 0.05). Spearman Rank-Order Correlations were run on paired combinations of peak ISO, ECC, and CON moments for both groups. Results: The trained group had significantly greater peak ISO moment (183.8 vs 137.1 Nm, p = 0.013, d = 1.3) but significantly lower ECC: ISO ratio (p = 0.028, d = 1.1). The trained group exhibited stronger correlations for ECC-ISO (rs = 0.79 vs. 0.65), ECC-CON (rs = 0.93 vs. 0.59), and CON-ISO (rs = 0.93 vs. 0.78) compared to the untrained group. Conclusions: The findings demonstrate older adults maintain eccentric and concentric strength, regardless of training status. However, trained participants had a more balanced ECC: ISO ratio, due to their increased peak ISO strength possibly due to their resistance training.

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