scholarly journals Relationship between physical activity time and intramuscular adipose tissue content of the thigh muscle groups of younger and older men

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madoka Ogawa ◽  
Noriko Tanaka ◽  
Akito Yoshiko ◽  
Yoshiharu Oshida ◽  
Teruhiko Koike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Time ◽  
Intramuscular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Muscle Groups

AbstractWe investigated the effect of physical activity on muscle tissue size and intramuscular adipose tissue (IntraMAT) content in the thigh muscle groups of younger and older men. Twenty younger and 20 older men participated in this study. The muscle tissue cross-sectional area (CSA) and the IntraMAT content in the quadriceps femoris (QF), hamstrings (HM), hip adductors (AD), and mid-thigh total were measured using magnetic resonance imaging. The physical activity time was measured using a triaxial accelerometer, and four levels of physical activity were determined depending on the metabolic equivalent of task (METs), including sedentary (≤ 1.5 METs), light intensity (≤ 2.9 METs), moderate intensity (3.0–5.9 METs), and vigorous intensity (≥ 6.0 METs). No significant correlation was observed between the physical activity parameters and muscle tissue CSA in both groups. The IntraMAT content of the three muscle groups (QF, AD, and HM) and the total thigh was inversely correlated with the time of moderate-intensity physical activity (rs =  − 0.625 to − 0.489, P < 0.05, for all comparisons) in the young group, but not in the older group. These results indicate that IntraMAT accumulation was associated with the amount of moderate-physical activity in younger men.

scholarly journals Relationship between physical activity times and intramuscular adipose tissue contents of the thigh muscle groups in younger and older men

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madoka Ogawa ◽  
Noriko Tanaka ◽  
Akito Yoshiko ◽  
Yoshiharu Oshida ◽  
Teruhiko Koike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Tissue Size ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
Muscle Groups ◽  
Activity Times

Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the effect of daily physical activities evaluated by steps and time on muscle tissue size and intramuscular adipose tissue (IntraMAT) content in the thigh muscle groups for younger and older men. Twenty younger (23.8 ± 3.7 years) and 20 older (70.7 ± 5.6 years) men participated in this study. We measured the muscle tissue cross-sectional area (CSA) and the IntraMAT content in the quadriceps femoris (QF), hamstrings (HM), hip adductors (AD), and total of mid-thigh by magnetic resonance imaging. We measured physical activity time using a triaxial accelerometer and determined four levels of physical activity depending on the metabolic equivalent (METs), e.g., sedentary (≤ 1.5 METs), light-intensity (≤ 2.9 METs), moderate-intensity (3.0 to 5.9 METs) and vigorous-intensity (≥ 6.0 METs). The muscle tissue CSA of AD was a significantly correlated with the time of vigorous-intensity activity in the older group (rs = 0.446, P < 0.05), but not in the younger group. The IntraMAT content of the three muscle groups (QF, AD, and HM) and the total thigh were significantly correlated with the time of moderate-intensity activity (rs = − 0.625 to − 0.489, P < 0.05, for all comparisons) in the younger group, but not in the older group. Our results suggest that the relationship of muscle tissue size and IntraMAT content with physical activity times is affected by age.

scholarly journals Interaction of physical activity and diet: implications for haemostatic factors

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (3a) ◽  
pp. 383-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Rauramaa ◽  
SB Väisänen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Platelet Aggregability ◽  
Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
The Impact

AbstractRegular moderate intensity physical activity and habitual diet providing no more than one third of energy from fats have been recommended for the prevention of atherosclerotic diseases. The background for these guidelines is the key role of plasma lipids. However, the importance of thrombogenesis in acute myocardial infarction has become obvious during the last decade. Hyperlipidaemia and excess of adipose tissue increase platelet aggregability and blood coagulation, and decrease fibrinolysis. Both regular physical activity and dietary fat reduction decrease blood lipids and body fat thereby diminishing the risk of thrombosis. Currently, data on interactions between physical activity and diet on haemostasis are scarce, and the few studies available have not demonstrated additional effects when these two lifestyle modifications have been combined. This paper is restricted only to studies using controlled randomized design. Regular moderate intensity physical activity as well as diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids decrease platelet aggregability. The effects of regular physical activity on plasma fibrinogen remain contradictory, while the impact of diet is even less clear. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, a possible link between insulin resistance syndrome and coronary heart disease, may decrease due to physical training or low fat diet. It can be hypothesized that moderation in physical activity and diet carries a more powerful impact on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis than either lifestyle modification alone. Studies focusing on the interactions of regular moderate physical activity and fat-modified diet are needed in efforts to optimize the preventive actions by lifestyle changes.

scholarly journals The Regulation of the Metastatic Cascade by Physical Activity: A Narrative Review

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie van Doorslaer de ten Ryen ◽  
Louise Deldicque
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Tumor Spread ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Cancer Dissemination

The purpose of this narrative review is to provide an overview of the currently available knowledge about the mechanisms by which physical activity may affect metastatic development. The search terms exercise [Title/Abstract] AND metastasis [Title/Abstract] returned 222 articles on PUBMED on the 10 February 2019. After careful analysis of the abstracts, a final selection of 24 articles was made. Physical activity regulates the levels of metastatic factors in each of the five steps of the process. Moderate intensity exercise appears to prevent tumor spread around the body, among others, by normalizing angiogenesis, destroying circulating tumor cells, and decreasing endothelial cells permeability. Contrarily, high-intensity exercise seems to favor cancer dissemination, likely through excessive stress, which can be somewhat counteracted by an appropriate warm-up. In conclusion, chronic adaptations to moderate-intensity endurance exercise seem the most effective way to achieve a preventive effect of exercise on metastases. Altogether, the data gathered here reinforce the importance of encouraging cancer patients to perform moderate physical activity several times a week. To limit the undesired events thereof, a good knowledge of the patient’s training level is important to establish an adapted exercise training program.

scholarly journals Abdominal and Thigh Muscle Attenuation Is Associated With Visceral Fat and Age in Children and Adolescents With Obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2333794X1881712
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Akima ◽  
Keigo Kainuma ◽  
Kenji Togashi
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Severe Obesity ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase ◽  
Intramuscular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Adductor Muscles ◽  
Signal Intensities

Objective. This study investigated relationships between adipose tissue deposition within skeletal muscle and morphological and biochemical variables in children with obesity. Methods. Fifty-one Japanese children (16 girls) aged 7 to 16 years were assigned to either mild (<20%), moderate (≥20% to <50%), or severe obesity groups (≥50%). Computed tomography images were taken to calculate the cross-sectional area (CSA) of muscle, subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue (VAT, for abdomen only), and muscle signal intensities, as an index of intramuscular adipose tissue in the anterior, lateral, and posterior muscles of the abdomen and quadriceps, hamstring and adductor muscles in the thigh. Fasting blood samples were collected to measure plasma lipids, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, uric acid, glucose, and HbA1c. Results. Signal intensity in the severe obesity group was significantly lower than mild and moderate obesity groups in the abdomen and significantly lower than the moderate obesity group in the thigh. Stepwise regression analysis with signal intensity as dependent variable revealed that VAT CSA and age in abdominal muscles and VAT CSA, age, and triglycerides in thigh muscles are predictors of signal intensities. Conclusions. These results suggest that VAT CSA and age are predictors of intramuscular adipose tissue of the abdominal and thigh in children with obesity.

Abstract P159: Factors Associated With Moderate Physical Activity Among Older Adults With Atrial Fibrillation: SAGE-AF Study

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordy Mehawej ◽  
Jane Saczynski ◽  
Catarina I Kiefe ◽  
Eric Ding ◽  
Hawa O Abu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity

Objective: Guidelines encourage patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) to engage in moderate-intensity physical activity. We examined the sociodemographic, geriatric, and clinical factors associated with engagement in moderate-intensity physical activity among older adults with AF. Methods: Patients aged 65 years and older, diagnosed with AF, and having a CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc ≥ 2 were recruited from multiple clinics in Massachusetts and Georgia between 2015 and 2018. We utilized The Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity questionnaire to assess whether participants reported being engaged in moderate physical exercise. We examined the association between sociodemographic, clinical, geriatric elements and engaging in moderate-intensity physical activity using multiple logistic regression modelling. Results: The mean age of participants was 76 years and 52% were men. Approximately one-half (52%) of participants met the recommended levels of physical activity. Participants who were cognitively impaired (adjusted OR [aOR]=0.74; 95% CI= 0.56-0.97 ) , morbidly obese (aOR= 0.40; 95% CI= 0.22-0.72), socially isolated (aOR= 0.58; 95% CI= 0.40-0.84), and had a slow gait speed (aOR= 0.44; 95% CI= 0.32-0.60) were less likely, while those with higher AF related quality of life score (aOR=1.66; 95% CI=1.26-2.18) more likely, to engage in moderate physical activity. Conclusions: A considerable proportion of older adults with AF did not engage in moderate physical activity. Cognitive impairment, morbid obesity, social isolation, and slow gait speed were associated with not engaging in moderate exercise. Health care providers should identify patients with AF who are sedentary, promote engagement, and tailor interventions to address obstacles in engagement in physical activity.

scholarly journals Test-Retest Reliability and Walk Score® Neighbourhood Walkability Comparison of an Online Perceived Neighbourhood-Specific Adaptation of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levi Frehlich ◽  
Anita Blackstaffe ◽  
Gavin R. McCormack
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Walk Score ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

There is a growing public health interest in the contributions of the built environment in enabling and supporting physical activity. However, few tools measuring neighbourhood-specific physical activity exist. This study assessed the reliability of an established physical activity tool (International Physical Activity Questionnaire: IPAQ) adapted to capture perceived neighbourhood-specific physical activity (N-IPAQ) administered via the internet and compared N-IPAQ outcomes to differences in neighbourhood Walk Score®. A sample of n = 261 adults completed an online questionnaire on two occasions at least seven days apart. Questionnaire items captured walking, cycling, moderate-intensity, and vigorous-intensity physical activity, undertaken inside the participant’s perceived neighbourhood in the past week. Intraclass correlations, Spearman’s rank correlation, and Cohen’s Kappa coefficients estimated item test-retest reliability. Regression estimated the associations between self-reported perceived neighbourhood-specific physical activity and Walk Score®. With the exception of moderate physical activity duration, participation and duration for all physical activities demonstrated moderate reliability. Transportation walking participation and duration was higher (p < 0.05) in more walkable neighbourhoods. The N-IPAQ administered online found differences in neighbourhoods that vary in their walkability. Future studies investigating built environments and self-reported physical activity may consider using the online version of the N-IPAQ.

scholarly journals What intensity of exercise is most suitable for the elderly in China? A propensity score matching analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinlin Chen ◽  
Dai Su ◽  
Xinlan Chen ◽  
Yingchun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Successful Ageing ◽  
Ageing Society

Abstract Background The strategy of successful ageing is an important means to deal with the challenges of the current ageing society. This paper aims to explore the effects of different intensities of physical activity on the successful ageing of the elderly. Methods Our data were from wave 4 of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS), involving 9026 residents aged 60 years and older. The intensity of physical activity was divided into three levels: vigorous, moderate and mild. The concept of successful ageing adopted a four-dimensional model of life satisfaction added to the theoretical model of Rowe and Kahn’s. Propensity score matching (PSM) with controlling nine confounding factors were used to analyse the effects of different intensities of physical activity. Results The percentage of successful ageing was 1.88% among all subjects. Among them, 30.26, 29.57 and 29.40% of the elderly often participated in vigorous, moderate and mild physical activity, respectively. The results of PSM showed that participation in moderate activity increased the probability of successful ageing of the elderly by 0.76–0.78% (P < 0.001), while participation in vigorous and mild physical activity had no significant effect on successful ageing (P > 0.05). Moderate physical activity had statistically significant effects on four components of successful aging, including major disease, physical function, life satisfaction, and social participation (P < 0.05). Conclusion Moderate-intensity physical activity was most beneficial to the successful ageing of the elderly and should be promoted in the elderly population.

scholarly journals Role of Exercise as a Modulating Factor in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Zorzi ◽  
Alberto Cipriani ◽  
Riccardo Bariani ◽  
Kalliopi Pilichou ◽  
Domenico Corrado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Gene Mutation ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Muscle Disease ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Mutation Carriers

Abstract Purpose of Review The review addresses the role of exercise in triggering ventricular arrhythmias and promoting disease progression in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) patients and gene-mutation carriers, the differential diagnosis between AC and athlete’s heart and current recommendations on exercise activity in AC. Recent Findings AC is an inherited heart muscle disease caused by genetically defective cell-to-cell adhesion structures (mainly desmosomes). The pathophysiological hallmark of the disease is progressive myocyte loss and replacement by fibro-fatty tissue, which creates the substrates for ventricular arrhythmias. Animal and human studies demonstrated that intense exercise, but not moderate physical activity, may increase disease penetrance, worsen the phenotype, and favor life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. It has been proposed that in some individuals prolonged endurance sports activity may in itself cause AC (so-called exercise-induced AC). Summary The studies agree that intense physical activity should be avoided in patients with AC and healthy gene-mutation carriers. However, low-to-moderate intensity exercise does not appear detrimental and these patients should not be entirely deprived from the many health benefits of physical activity.

scholarly journals Intramuscular Adipose Tissue, Sarcopenia, and Mobility Function in Older Individuals

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin L. Marcus ◽  
Odessa Addison ◽  
Leland E. Dibble ◽  
K. Bo Foreman ◽  
Glen Morrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Intramuscular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mobility Function ◽  
Muscle Impairment ◽  
And Function

Objective. Intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) and sarcopenia may adversely impact mobility function and physical activity. This study determined the association of locomotor muscle structure and function with mobility function in older adults.Method. 109 older adults with a variety of comorbid disease conditions were examined for thigh muscle composition via MRI, knee extensor strength via isometric dynamometry, and mobility function. The contribution of strength, quadriceps lean tissue, and IMAT to explaining the variability in mobility function was examined using multivariate linear regression models.Results. The predictors as a group contributed 27–45% of the variance in all outcome measures; however, IMAT contributed between 8–15% of the variance in all four mobility variables, while lean explained only 5% variance in only one mobility measure.Conclusions. Thigh IMAT, a newly identified muscle impairment appears to be a potent muscle variable related to the ability of older adults to move about in their community.

scholarly journals The Assessment of the Quality of Life in Visually Impaired People with Different Level of Physical Activity

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Malwina Kamelska ◽  
Krzysztof Mazurek
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Visually Impaired People ◽  
Impaired People

AbstractQuality of life (QOL) is associated with factors such as health, physical functioning, life satisfaction, a sense of happiness, and others. In case of disabled people, much attention is paid to their QOL rather than only the improvement of physiological variables. In a group of blind and visually impaired people, the effect of physical activity (PA) on the socialization process, the ability to explore own personality traits, developing creativity, and more motivation and desire to overcome the difficulties associated with visual impairment were observed. The study involved 53 people: visually impaired (NT) sedentary lifestyle people (n=18; 51±12 years) and visually impaired tandem cycling athletes (N) (n=17; 42±13 years). Properly sighted people (P) (n=18; 38±12 years) were partners in tandem with visually impaired athletes. To determine the level of PA, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used. The WHO-Quality of Life (WHO-QOL-BREF), the National Eye Institute 25-item Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25, version 2000), and the Retina AMD Poland Association questionnaire were used to assess QOL. In visually impaired athletes, significantly greater PA with moderate intensity, moving by bike, and energy expenditure for vigorous recreational exercise and sport in leisuretime was found. Sedentary lifestyle people mainly participated in moderate physical activity around the house. Significant greater satisfaction with health was observed in the case of visually impaired athletes in comparison with NT. All disabled groups rarely had negative feelings such as despair, depression, and anxiety. Moderate correlations between variables according to physical activity and quality of life in all participants were observed. The meaningfulness of life and life satisfaction also depended on cycling training and moderate physical activity around the house. The obtained data indicate that all available forms of regular PA in visually impaired people could have a beneficial effect on their quality of life.

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