scholarly journals Synthesis of Photochromic AgCl-Urethane Resin Composite Films

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetoshi Miyazaki ◽  
Hirochi Shimoguchi ◽  
Hisao Suzuki ◽  
Toshitaka Ota
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Composite Film ◽  
Liquid State ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Photochromic Property ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Fading Rate ◽  
20 Nm

AgCl-resin photochromic composite films were prepared using AgNO3, HCl-EtOH, CuCl2solution, and a liquid-state urethane resin as starting materials. The obtained composite films showed a photochromic property. The rate of darkening of the composite film increased after mixing with CuCl2. The AgCl particle size in the film without heat treatment was 6–20 nm, and that of the heat-treated film was 25–80 nm; these results were confirmed using TEM observations. The fading rate of the film without heat treatment was higher than that of the heat-treated films.

scholarly journals Effects of Excess Cu Addition on Photochromic Properties of AgCl-Urethane Resin Composite Films

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetoshi Miyazaki ◽  
Hirochi Shimoguchi ◽  
Hiroki Nakayama ◽  
Hisao Suzuki ◽  
Toshitaka Ota
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Composite Film ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Photochromic Properties

AgCl-resin photochromic composite films were prepared using AgNO3, HCl-EtOH, CuCl2ethanol solutions, and a urethane resin as starting materials. The AgCl particle size in the composite films, which was confirmed via TEM observations, was 23–43 nm. The AgCl composite films showed photochromic properties: coloring induced by UV-vis irradiation and bleaching induced by cessation of UV-vis irradiation. The coloring and bleaching speed of the composite film increases with increasing CuCl2mixing ratio.

Electrophoretic Deposition and Heat Treatment of Steel-Supported PVDF-Graphite Composite Film

2015 ◽  
Vol 761 ◽  
pp. 412-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kok Tee Lau ◽  
Mohd Hafrez Razi Ab Razak ◽  
Swee Leong Kok ◽  
Muhammad Zaimi ◽  
Mohd Warikh Abd Rashid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Composite Film ◽  
Electrophoretic Deposition ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Final Heat Treatment ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Graphite Composite ◽  
Final Heat ◽  
Heat Treated

Polymeric poly (vinyliden fluoride) (PVDF) is nontoxic. It possesses a better mechanical flexibility and requires a lower synthesis temperature, as compared to the piezoceramic counterparts. In order to achieve a competitive advantage against the current piezoelectric sensor, graphite could replace a more expensive silver-palladium as the electrodes for the piezoelectric PVDF. This paper reports the preliminary results on the synthesis of steel-supported graphite-PVDF/PVDF/graphite-PVDF composite films using the two-step process, consisted of the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) and heat treatment. The composite films were characterized by means of the optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. The heat treated graphite-PVDF electrode deposited by EPD provides adequate mechanical strength for the subsequent depositions of pure PVDF layer and the second layer of graphite-PVDF composite electrode. However, the final heat treatment stage did not eliminate the fine and large cracks of the composite film, which might be attributed to high residue stresses and weak bonding between graphite and PVDF particles in the post-heat treated composite films. Nevertheless, the increase in final heat treatment temperature of the composite film at Stage 3 improved the graphite and PVDF grain alignment, as well as its crystallinity.

scholarly journals Preparation and Assessment of Heat-Treated α-Chitin Nanowhiskers Reinforced Poly(viny alcohol) Film for Packaging Application

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Peng ◽  
Guangxue Chen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Chitin Nanowhiskers

In this study, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films enhanced by α-chitin nanowhiskers (ChWs) were prepared through heat treatment. The obtained membranes were assessed by means of FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, regular light transmittance, mechanical tests, permeability and water absorption. The influence of the nano-component and heat treatment on the mechanical, thermal and water-resistant properties of the composite membrane were analyzed. From the results of the work, the produced films with excellent barrier properties and inexpensive raw processed materials have great prospects in packaging applications.

scholarly journals Hydrogen Detection with SAW Polymer/Quantum Dots Sensitive Films

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (20) ◽  
pp. 4481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Constantinoiu ◽  
Cristian Viespe
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Gas Molecules

Regarding the use of hydrogen as a fuel, it is necessary to measure its concentration in air at room temperature. In this paper, sensitive composite films have been developed for surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors, using quantum dots (QDs) and polymers. Si/SiO2 QDs were used due to having a high specific surface area, which considerably improves the sensitivity of the sensors compared to those that only have a polymer. Si/SiO2 QDs were obtained by laser ablation and analyzed by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Two types of polymers were used: polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). Polymer and polymer with QDs compositions were deposited on the sensor substrate by drop casting. A heat treatment was performed on the films at 80 °C with a thermal dwell of two hours. The sensors obtained were tested at different hydrogen concentrations at room temperature. A limit of detection (LOD) of 452 ppm was obtained by the sensor with PDMS and Si/SiO2 QDs, which was heat treated. The results demonstrated the potential of using QDs to improve the sensitivity of the SAW sensors and to achieve a heat treatment that increases its adsorption capacity of the gas molecules.

Fabrication and Evaluation of Arrayed Needle-Like TiO2 Particle – Transparent Resin Composite Films

2011 ◽  
Vol 484 ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
Shin Ichi Kikitsu ◽  
Takaaki Otsuka ◽  
Hidetoshi Miyazaki ◽  
Hisao Suzuki ◽  
Toshitaka Ota
Keyword(s):  
Composite Film ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Tio2 Particle ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Tio2 Particles ◽  
Fabrication Condition

Needle-like TiO2-resin composite films were fabricated using needle-like TiO2 particle filler and urethane matrix. The needle-like TiO2 particles in the composite film were arrayed completely under the fabrication condition of applying AC bias of 10 volt with 0.1 Hz for 4 hr, and the transmittance of the resulting composite film showed angularly dependence. The needle-like TiO2 particles in the composite were oriented quickly by a larger applying bias. Furthermore, increase of the mixing ratio of TiO2 particles in the composite film caused increasing an angularly dependence of the transmittance of the composites.

The Heat Treatment of Nanocrystalline Cu2O to Enhance the Catalytic Effect at the Surface Layer

2006 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 635-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Rang Uhm ◽  
Byung Sun Han ◽  
Min Ku Lee ◽  
Chang Kyu Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Catalytic Effect ◽  
Adsorption Ability ◽  
Air Exposure ◽  
Gas Condensation ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Average Size

Cu oxide nano powders were synthesized by the levitational gas condensation (LGC) method, and heated at temperature ranges from 150 to 450 C. The nano powders consist of mainly Cu2O with an average size of 35 nm. The analysis of the IR-spectra of the nanopowders demonstrates that the surface of the sample under an air exposure is coated by hydroxylhydride (-OH, H2O) and hydroxycarbonated [Cu2(OH)2CO3]. The change of the particle size by heat treatment below 450 °C is relatively small. The variation of the adsorption ability is mainly defined under heating at least up to 300 °C, by the surface state of the particles. The catalytic effect was increased at heat treated samples.

Effect of Heat Treatment on Properties of Mineral Attapulgite

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Guo Tang ◽  
Jin Sheng Liang ◽  
Jun Ping Meng ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Li Wei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Water Vapor Adsorption ◽  
Heat Temperature ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Dispersion Component ◽  
Medium Particle ◽  
Medium Particle Size

Mineral attapulgite powders were heat treated at different temperature from 100°C to 800°C. The effect of heat treatment on properties of attapulgite were studied by particle size distribution, surface free energy, and water vapor adsorption performance. The results show that the medium particle size and surface free energy of attapulgite increase and hygroscopic capacity promptly reduce with the increase of heat temperature .The medium particle size of the raw palygorskite is 3.09 μm, and it becomes 14.12 μm after heat treatment at 800 °C. The surface free energy, polarity component and dispersion component of the natural attapulgite are 45.16mN•m-1, 13.92mN•m-1, 31.24mN•m-1, respectively, and they become 116.22 mN•m-1，116.22 mN•m-1，0.0 mN•m-1 after heat treatment at 800°C. Moreover, the hygroscopic capacity of attapulgite in 24h decreases from 17.1 % to 5.6% after heat treatment at 800°C.

scholarly journals Phase Transitions in the α–γ–β Spodumene Thermodynamic System and Impact of γ-Spodumene on the Efficiency of Lithium Extraction by Acid Leaching

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 519
Author(s):  
Colin Dessemond ◽  
Gervais Soucy ◽  
Jean-Philippe Harvey ◽  
Philippe Ouzilleau
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Thermodynamic System ◽  
Coarse Fraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Lower Heat

Heat-treatment of spodumene concentrate at 1323 K (1050 °C) for 30 min in a rotary kiln yielded a successful decrepitation. Particle size decreased from 2 cm to less than 425 µm for 80% of the initial mass. X-ray analysis of both fractions did not reveal the presence of α-spodumene or γ-spodumene. The coarse fraction was ground to less than 425 µm with minimal mechanical energy and mixed with the finer fraction to perform lithium extraction. The lithium extraction efficiency reached 98 wt% without the need for flotation. Some aspects of the thermodynamic behavior of the spodumene system were assessed. Results show that metastable γ-spodumene may hinder the formation of β-spodumene at lower heat treatment temperatures. Some heat-treated samples presented non-negligible γ-spodumene content and lithium extraction efficiency decreases as the γ content increases. Finally, the assumed irreversibility of the transformations was studied by analyzing heat-treated samples following long controlled-storage periods. The results show that concentrate composition is not static over the studied time. This suggests that the β formation is not as irreversible as claimed. It is recommended to avoid long periods between heat-treatment and extraction to avoid the slow conversion of β-spodumene to other allotropes, which are less susceptible to lithium extraction.

scholarly journals Vanadium oxide-based photochromic composite film

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 2388-2391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetoshi Miyazaki ◽  
Takahiro Matsuura ◽  
Toshitaka Ota
Keyword(s):  
Vanadium Oxide ◽  
Composite Film ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Photochromic Property ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Vanadic Acid

V2O5-based composite films were fabricated using peroxo-iso-poly vanadic acid as the filler and transparent urethane resin as the matrix, and the resulting composite films exhibited photochromic property when irradiated with ultraviolet (UV) light.

Fabrication and Electrical Characteristics of Graphite/Carbon Nanotube/Polyvinyl Butyral Composite Film via Tape-Casting and Heat-Treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 8055-8061
Author(s):  
Min-Young Kim ◽  
Seung-Woo Choi ◽  
Seong Jae Boo ◽  
Jong-Ho Lee ◽  
Hee Sook Noh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Composite Film ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Tape Casting ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Sheet Thickness ◽  
Conductive Filler ◽  
Polyvinyl Butyral ◽  
Dispersion Property ◽  
Spherical Graphite

Composite stacking films, which can be applied as the bipolar plates of redox flow batteries, were fabricated via a tape-casting process that used slurry of graphite, CNT, and resin materials. The slurry was made of 25~45 wt% conductive filler (graphite, CNT) and 55~75 wt% polyvinyl butyral (PVB) binder solution (binder, dispersant, plasticizer, and solvent). The sheet thickness of the composite films was controlled to 70~150 μm, and composite films of about 1 mm in thickness were also fabricated by stacking and laminating the sheet film, including the conductive filler of above 85 wt%. The effects of the shape and physical properties of the graphite were investigated with regard to the dispersion behavior and flow of the slurry on the carrier film of the tape-casting device. As a result, the acicular graphite showed a good dispersion property with the resin of the PVB binder, as compared to spherical graphite. The composite film with acicular graphite showed a lower resistivity than that of a film with spherical graphite. Furthermore, the effects of adding a small amount of CNT and the heat-treatment to the composite stacking film were also studied. Finally, the composite film showed an electrical characteristic of below 50 mΩ·cm and a high bending strength of above 20 MPa.

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