scholarly journals Molecular Identification and Polymorphism Determination of Cutaneous and Visceral Leishmaniasis Agents Isolated from Human and Animal Hosts in Iran

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Homa Hajjaran ◽  
Mehdi Mohebali ◽  
Setareh Mamishi ◽  
Farzaneh Vasigheh ◽  
Mohammad Ali Oshaghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Animal Reservoir ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Animal Hosts ◽  
Reservoir Hosts ◽  
Culture Positive

Amplification of internal transcript spacer 1 of ribosomal RNA (ITS1-RNA) gene followed by RFLP analysis and sequencing was used to identify the causing agents of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis (CL and VL) in humans and animal reservoir hosts from various geographical areas in Iran. We also used random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) to obtain polymorphisms among isolates ofLeishmaniaspp. Totally, 362 suspected human and animal cases including 173 CL, 49 VL, 60 rodents, and 80 domestic dogs were examined forLeishmaniainfection. From 112 culture-positive samples prepared from CL cases, 75 (67%) were infected withL. majorand 37 (33%) withL. tropica. Of the 60 rodents examined, 25 (41.6%) harbored theLeishmaniainfection; 21 were infected withL. majorand 4 withL. turanica. From 49 suspected VL, 29 were positive by direct agglutination test (DAT), whereas microscopy detected parasite in bone marrow of 25 and culture in 28 of the patients. Two VL patients were infected withL. tropicaand 26 withL. infantum. Of the 80 domestic dogs, 56 showed anti-Leishmaniaantibodies with DAT. Of these, 55 were positive by both microscopy and culture. Molecular identity, obtained only for 47 samples, revealedL. infantumin 43 andL. tropicain 4 dogs. The polymorphisms amongL. tropicaandL. majorisolates were 3.6% and 7.3%; the rate among human and canine VL isolates was 2.8% and 9.8%, respectively. Our results showed that at least four differentLeishmaniaspecies with various polymorphisms circulate among humans and animal hosts in Iran.

scholarly journals Leishmania infantumGenetic Diversity andLutzomyia longipalpisMitochondrial Haplotypes in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Eduardo Martins Ribolla ◽  
Letícia Tsieme Gushi ◽  
Maria do Socorro Pires e Cruz ◽  
Carlos Henrique Nery Costa ◽  
Dorcas Lamounier Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Leishmania Infantum ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Etiological Agent ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Geographic Structure ◽  
Reservoir Hosts

Leishmania infantumis the etiological agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the Americas with domestic dogs being its major reservoir hosts. The main VL vector is the sandflyLutzomyia longipalpis, while otherLutzomyiaspecies may play a role in disease transmission. Although the genetic structure ofL. infantumpopulations has been widely evaluated, only a few studies have addressed this subject coupled to the genetic structure of the respective sandfly vectors. In this study, we analyzed the population structure ofL. infantumin three major VL endemic areas in Brazil and associated it withLutzomyia longipalpisgeographic structure.

scholarly journals Determination of Genetic Diversity of Four Guppy Strains Using the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA-PCR

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Riva Hafidah ◽  
Ayi Yustiati ◽  
Yuniar Mulyani ◽  
Ibnu Bangkit Bioshina Suryadi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

This research aims to determine genetic diversity of four strains guppy, respectively are japan blue double sword (JBD), japan blue tiger double sword (JBTD), blue moscow (BM), and panda guppy (PG) with RAPD-PCR method. The obtained genetic diversity data is used as guide reference for hybridization between four strains. The research was conducted in September 2020 to April 2021 with explorative methods and in qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis. The research was carried out in biotechnology Laboratory, Fishery and Marine Sciences Faculty and Central Laboratory,Padjadjaran University, Indonesia.Strains of JBD, JBTD, BM obtained fromCilengkrangSubdistrict, Bandung and PG strain obtained from Parung market, Bogor. Primary OPA-03 (AGTCAGCCAC) is used for standard parameters to interpret genetic diversity among four strains of guppy. Based on results, amplification with OPA-03 primary visualize 25 bands that include five polymorphic bands and 20 monomorphic bands. The phylogenetic tree result show that there are two relationship groups. The first group are JBD, JBTD, and BM with similarity index in the range of 80-89%The first group consist two sub groups of relationship. The first sub group are JBD and JBTD with similarity index of 89%. The second sub group is BM with similarity index of 80%. The second group isPG with similarity index of 65.5%.

scholarly journals Genetic structure and diversity among three Greek sheep breeds using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA-PCR

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. MASTRANESTASIS (Ι. ΜΑΣΤΡΑΝΕΣΤΑΣΗΣ) ◽  
Ch. LIGDA (Χρ. ΛΙΓΔΑ) ◽  
K. THEODOROU (Κ. ΘΕΟΔΩΡΟΥ) ◽  
L. V. EKATERINIADOU (Λ.Β. ΑΙΚΑΤΕΡΙΝΙΑΔΟΥ)
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Genetic Identity ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Genetic Structure And Diversity

Genetic structure and diversity of 120 animals from three Greek local breeds were investigated by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) - PCR method. Sheep samples originated from the Lesvos, Chios and Karagouniko breeds were treated with 11 random primers to estimate their genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships. Our analysis comprised two levels of the breeds' genetic structure: i) the genetic differentiation among the three breeds and ii) the genetic differentiation among the flocks within each breed. This combined approach gave two main findings: i) the study of genetic distances and identity revealed that the Karagouniko sheep breed is genetically distinct from Chios (GD=0.1979) and Lesvos (GD=0.1691) breeds, while ii) the Chios and Lesvos breeds are genetically similar (GI=0.9631); half of the flocks of Lesvos have a relatively closer relationship with those of Chios than with the other Lesvos flocks. This is the first study that reports the close genetic relationship between the Chios and Lesvos breeds and gives strong evidence to hypotheses about their related origin. Furthermore, the study of polymorphic loci revealed particular indicators located in Karagouniko breed, as definitional datum of genetic identity or as a fingerprint of breed. Therefore, RAPD-DNA methods can be an efficient tool for the determination of phylogenetic relationships and genetic identity among the bloodstock breed of sheep.

scholarly journals Oenological Potential of Autochthonous Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yeast Strains from the Greek Varieties of Agiorgitiko and Moschofilero

Beverages ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Kontogiannatos ◽  
Vicky Troianou ◽  
Maria Dimopoulou ◽  
Polydefkis Hatzopoulos ◽  
Yorgos Kotseridis
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Alcoholic Fermentation ◽  
Ethanol Tolerance ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Autochthonous Yeast ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
H2s Production

Nemea and Mantinia are famous wine regions in Greece known for two indigenous grape varieties, Agiorgitiko and Moschofilero, which produce high quality PDO wines. In the present study, indigenous Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast strains were isolated and identified from spontaneous alcoholic fermentation of Agiorgitiko and Moschofilero musts in order to evaluate their oenological potential. Random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) recovered the presence of five distinct profiles from a total of 430 yeast isolates. The five obtained strains were evaluated at microvinifications trials and tested for basic oenological and biochemical parameters including sulphur dioxide and ethanol tolerance as well as H2S production in sterile grape must. The selected autochthonous yeast strains named, Soi2 (Agiorgitiko wine) and L2M (Moschofilero wine), were evaluated also in industrial (4000L) fermentations to assess their sensorial and oenological characteristics. The volatile compounds of the produced wines were determined by GC-FID. Our results demonstrated the feasibility of using Soi2 and L2M strains in industrial fermentations for Agiorgitiko and Moschofilero grape musts, respectively.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and risk factors for canine visceral leishmaniasis in the endemic area of Dias D'Ávila, State of Bahia, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Cristina Pinho de Oliveira ◽  
Rondinelli Ribeiro de Araújo ◽  
Carlos Roberto Alves ◽  
Eliame Mouta-Confort ◽  
Jorge Alberto López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Mixed Breed ◽  
Rural Zone ◽  
Normochromic Anemia ◽  
Canine Infection ◽  
Immunoenzymatic Assays

INTRODUCTION: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an important zoonosis in relation to public health systems. Dogs are the main domestic reservoir. This study aimed to investigate occurrences of canine VL in Dias D'Ávila, State of Bahia, Brazil. METHODS: The prevalence was evaluated by means of clinical and laboratory tests on a population of 312 domestic dogs from 23 localities in this municipality, using indirect immunofluorescence and immunoenzymatic assays. RESULTS: Among the animals examined, 3.2% and 6.7% showed signs of VL, confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence and immunoenzymatic assays, respectively, with a distribution of 29.9% (24 dogs) in the rural zone and 4.9% (288 dogs) in the urban zone (p = 0.001). The clinical evaluation on seropositive dogs showed both asymptomatic animals (2.4%) and symptomatic animals (47.6%), along with other abnormalities (e.g. normocytic and normochromic anemia, with leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia). Observations relating to phenotypic characteristics (e.g. sex, age, breed and hair) did not present statistical significance, although high seropositivity among male, short-haired and mixed-breed dogs was observed. CONCLUSIONS: The findings showed that VL was a predominantly rural zoonosis and that close contact between poultry and domestic dogs significantly increased the risk of canine infection in this region.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibility and Genotype Patterns of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Urinary Tract Infected Patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.I. ABOU-DOBARA ◽  
M.A. DEYAB ◽  
E.M. ELSAWY ◽  
H.H. MOHAMED
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Rapd Pcr

Thirty nine isolates of Escherichia coli, twenty two isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and sixteen isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from urinary tract infected patients were analyzed by antimicrobial susceptibility typing and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out by microdilution and E Test methods. From the antibiotic susceptibility, ten patterns were recorded (four for E. coli, three for K. pneumoniae and three for P. aeruginosa respectively). Furthermore, genotyping showed seventeen RAPD patterns (seven for E. coli, five for K. pneumoniae and five for P. aeruginosa respectively). In this study, differentiation of strains of E. coli, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa from nosocomial infection was possible with the use of RAPD.

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