scholarly journals Impacts of Snowy Weather Conditions on Expressway Traffic Flow Characteristics

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiancheng Weng ◽  
Lili Liu ◽  
Jian Rong
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Service Levels ◽  
The Road ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Snow Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Snowy weather will significantly degrade expressway operations, reduce service levels, and increase driving difficulty. Furthermore, the impact of snow varies in different types of roads, diverse cities, and snow densities due to different driving behavior. Traffic flow parameters are essential to decide what should be appropriate for weather-related traffic management and control strategies. This paper takes Beijing as a case study and analyzes traffic flow data collected by detectors in expressways. By comparing the performance of traffic flow under normal and snowy weather conditions, this paper quantitatively describes the impact of adverse weather on expressway volume and average speeds. Results indicate that average speeds on the Beijing expressway under heavy snow conditions decrease by 10–20 km/h when compared to those under normal weather conditions, the vehicle headway generally increases by 2–4 seconds, and the road capacity drops by about 33%. This paper also develops a specific expressway traffic parameter reduction model which proposes reduction coefficients of expressway volumes and speeds under various snow density conditions in Beijing. The conclusions paper provide effective foundational parameters for urban expressway controls and traffic management under snow conditions.

Effectiveness of Predictive Weather-Related Active Transportation and Demand Management Strategies for Network Management

2017 ◽  
Vol 2667 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zihan Hong ◽  
Hani S. Mahmassani ◽  
Xiang Xu ◽  
Archak Mittal ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Active Transportation ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Traffic Performance ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents the development, implementation, and evaluation of predictive active transportation and demand management (ATDM) and weather-responsive traffic management (WRTM) strategies to support operations for weather-affected traffic conditions with traffic estimation and prediction system models. First, the problem is defined as a dynamic process of traffic system evolution under the impact of operational conditions and management strategies (interventions). A list of research questions to be addressed is provided. Second, a systematic framework for implementing and evaluating predictive weather-related ATDM strategies is illustrated. The framework consists of an offline model that simulates and evaluates the traffic operations and an online model that predicts traffic conditions and transits information to the offline model to generate or adjust traffic management strategies. Next, the detailed description and the logic design of ATDM and WRTM strategies to be evaluated are proposed. To determine effectiveness, the selection of strategy combination and sensitivity of operational features are assessed with a series of experiments implemented with a locally calibrated network in the Chicago, Illinois, area. The analysis results confirm the models’ ability to replicate observed traffic patterns and to evaluate the system performance across operational conditions. The results confirm the effectiveness of the predictive strategies tested in managing and improving traffic performance under adverse weather conditions. The results also verify that, with the appropriate operational settings and synergistic combination of strategies, weather-related ATDM strategies can generate maximal effectiveness to improve traffic performance.

scholarly journals Data-driven profiling of traffic flow with varying road conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 149-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
O K Golovnin
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Flow Speed ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
The Road ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Traffic Flow Characteristics ◽  
The City

The article describes the road, institutional and weather conditions that affect the traffic flow. I proposed a method for traffic flow profiling using a data-driven approach. The method operates with macroscopic traffic flow characteristics and detailed data of road conditions. The article presents the results of traffic flow speed and intensity profiling taking into account weather conditions. The study used road traffic and conditions data for the city of Aarhus, Denmark. The results showed that the method is effective for traffic flow forecasting due to varying road conditions.

EFFECT OF RAINFALL ON TRAFFIC FLOW CHARACTERISTICS DURING NIGHT TIME

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (7-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul ‘Azizah Mukhlas ◽  
Nordiana Mashros ◽  
Othman Che Puan ◽  
Sitti Asmah Hassan ◽  
Norhidayah Abdul Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Lighting Condition ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Traffic Flow Characteristics ◽  
Rural Highway ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Understanding traffic behavior for obtaining a smooth, safe and economical traffic operation requires a thorough knowledge of traffic flow parameters and their mutual relationships.Eventhough adverse weather can reduce traffic efficiencies, there are still questions to answer regarding the relationship between weather conditions and traffic flow at night. This paper presents an investigation of the rainfall effects to the traffic flow characteristics on atwo-lane rural highway during night time. The traffic data and corresponding rainfall data for uninterrupted road segment of Federal route 3 at Dungun, Terengganu were collected under road lighting condition during the north-east monsoon season. The effect of good weather condition, light rain, moderate rain and heavy rain conditions on speed, flow and density were quantified and compared. Results from the analysis indicate that mean speed, mean flow and mean density are reduced under various rainfall conditions. In general, the impact of good weather and various rainfall conditions on Greenshield’s fundamental traffic flow relationship have weak correlations except for the relationship between flow and density. The important points in the fundamental diagram derived from flow-density relationships indicated that critical density, maximum flow, critical speed, jam density and free flow speed of roadway all decrease as rainfall intensity increases. It can be concluded that traffic flow characteristics of two-lane rural highway in Terengganu are affected by rainfall conditions.

scholarly journals Research of time headways at roundabout approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Dunja Radović ◽  
Vuk Bogdanović
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Driver Behaviour ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Capacity Calculation ◽  
The Impact

It is known that traffic flow characteristics have significant influence at the capacity of all functional segments of the road and street network. One of the most important traffic flow parameters which affect the capacity of roundabouts is follow-up headway at minor approaches of roundabouts. This traffic flow parameter, like the most others, depends on driver behaviour, i.e. local traffic conditions. This paper presents the research results related to follow-up headway at three roundabouts obtained by the photographic method. This data collection method is chosen because its application completely eliminates the impact of research at behaviour of traffic participants. After the research, a representative sample is formed and its processing and analysis led to conclusions about the value of follow-up headway at roundabouts which can be applied in standard procedures for capacity calculation at roundabouts in midsize cities of our region.

scholarly journals Road Pricing Effect on the Emission of Traffic Pollutants, a Case Study in Tehran

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 306-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Hadji Hosseinlou ◽  
Abbas Zolfaghari ◽  
Mahdi Yazdanpanah
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Road Pricing ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
The Road ◽  
Fuel Consumption Rate ◽  
The Impact

Road pricing is one of the main purposes of traffic management policies in order to reduce personal car use. Understanding the behaviour of drivers under the impact of the road pricing policy, can assist transportation planners in making better and more efficient decisions. This research aims at investigating the reactions of private car users to road pricing using stated preference (SP) method on the one hand, and on the other hand, studies the road pricing effect on traffic flow and pollutants. To this aim, the acceptance rate of pricing, which is obtained from modeling of survey data, as well as real traffic flow data in Shahid Hemmat Highway in Tehran, Iran, are applied as the simulation software input. Based on the results of this research, at the lowest price (TN11000), the contribution of toll acceptance is equal to 64/91 percent. The fuel consumption rate at this price decreases to 49/91% and the emission rate of CO2, NOx, particle material (PM) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) pollutants decrease to 56.82%, 49.46%, 36.8% and 63.17%, respectively. At the highest price (TN10000), toll acceptability, fuel consumption, CO2, NOx, PM and VOC emission rates decrease to 5.47%, 3.57%, 3.98%, 2.85%, 1.22% and 4.86%, respectively.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Two Improved Schemes at Non-Aligned Intersections Affected by a Work Zone with an Entropy Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5494
Author(s):  
Yang Shao ◽  
Zhongbin Luo ◽  
Huan Wu ◽  
Xueyan Han ◽  
Binghong Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Work Zones ◽  
Research Results ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Operation ◽  
The Impact

The impact of work zones on traffic is a common problem encountered in traffic management. The reconstruction of roads is inevitable, and it is necessary and urgent to reduce the impact of the work zone on the operation of traffic. There are many existing research results on the influence of highway work zones, including management strategies, traffic flow control strategies, and various corresponding model theories. There are also many research results on the impacts of urban road and subway construction on traffic operation, including construction efficiency, economic impact, and travel matrix. However, there are few studies concerning the choice of work zone location, and most previous studies have assumed that the work zone choice was scientific and reasonable. Therefore, it is reasonable to choose the location of the work zone and to assess whether there is room for improvement in the road form of the work zone, but this remains a research gap. Therefore, we studied a seven-lane main road T-intersection in Xi’an, China, and investigated a work zone located at this intersection that caused a road offset, leading to the non-aligned flow of main traffic. We designed two road improvement schemes and multiple transition schemes, used VISSIM software to evaluate the traffic operation of the two schemes, and used the entropy method to choose the suitability of the two schemes under different conditions. According to the results, in the best case, the driving time, delay, and number of stops are reduced by 44%, 66%, and 92%.

scholarly journals Developing a Traffic Management Framework for Coastal Expressway Bridges under Adverse Weather Conditions: Case Study of Rain Day in Shenzhen, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenming Jiang ◽  
Jian John Lu ◽  
Yuming Jiang ◽  
Xiaonan Cai ◽  
Anning Ni
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Surface Friction ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Management Framework ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Alternate Routes

Adverse weather can reduce visibility and road surface friction, lower vehicle maneuverability, and increase crash frequency and injury severity. The impacts of adverse weather and its interactions with drivers and roadway on the operation and management of expressway or expressway bridges have drawn the researchers’ and managers’ attention to develop traffic management frameworks to mitigate the negative influence. Considering the peculiar geographical location and meteorological conditions, the Guangshen Coast Expressway-Shenzhen Segment (GSCE-SS) was selected as a case in this study to illustrate the proposed traffic management framework on rain days. Conditions categorized by rainfall intensity and traffic flow were the main precondition to make the management decisions. CORSIM simulator was used to develop the alternate routes choice schemes, providing reference for other systems in the proposed traffic management framework. Maps of (a) entrance ramp control (ERC) strategies; (b) mainline control strategies; (c) alternate routes choice; (d) information release schemes, under scenarios of different volume and rainstorm warning grades (BLUE to RED), were drawn to present a reference or demonstration for managers of long-span expressway bridges not only in China, but even in the world.

scholarly journals Assessing the Influence of Adverse Weather on Traffic Flow Characteristics Using a Driving Simulator and VISSIM

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Chen ◽  
Xiaohua Zhao ◽  
Hao Liu ◽  
Guichao Ren ◽  
Yunlong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Traffic Simulation ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Driving Behavior ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Microscopic Traffic Simulation ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Traffic Flow Characteristics

The occurrence of adverse weather exacerbates traffic flow conditions, often leading to severe traffic congestions. Many studies have been conducted based on field-collected data to obtain the effects of weather on traffic flow characteristics. However, there is a limitation for filed data-based studies, in that weather conditions and traffic conditions are both noncontrollable and nonrepeatable, making it difficult to comprehensively assess the influence of weather conditions, especially the rare extreme weather conditions, on traffic flow characteristics. This paper proposes to assess these effects with the combination of driving simulator and traffic simulation. A driving simulator can collect driving behavior by conducting weather-related driving simulation experiments, while a microscopic traffic simulation program can evaluate the changes in traffic flow characteristics by inputting driving behavior parameters coming from the driving simulator. The proposed method can overcome the limitation of the field data-based approach. In this paper, the structure of the assessment platform is introduced at first. Then a verification experiment is conducted to measure the influences of adverse weather conditions on traffic flow characteristics. The verification experiment results show that the influences of adverse weather on traffic flow characteristics have consistent tendencies with outcomes from previous research and demonstrate that the method is practicable for the analysis of the influence of weather on traffic flow characteristics. This paper provides a practical way to analyze the influence of weather on traffic flow from driving behavior’s point of view.

scholarly journals Extracting Road Traffic Volume in the City before and during covid-19 through Video Remote Sensing

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2329
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Macioszek ◽  
Agata Kurek
Keyword(s):  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
Annual Average Daily Traffic ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Continuous, automatic measurements of road traffic volume allow the obtaining of information on daily, weekly or seasonal fluctuations in road traffic volume. They are the basis for calculating the annual average daily traffic volume, obtaining information about the relevant traffic volume, or calculating indicators for converting traffic volume from short-term measurements to average daily traffic volume. The covid-19 pandemic has contributed to extensive social and economic anomalies worldwide. In addition to the health consequences, the impact on travel behavior on the transport network was also sudden, extensive, and unpredictable. Changes in the transport behavior resulted in different values of traffic volume on the road and street network than before. The article presents road traffic volume analysis in the city before and during the restrictions related to covid-19. Selected traffic characteristics were compared for 2019 and 2020. This analysis made it possible to characterize the daily, weekly and annual variability of traffic volume in 2019 and 2020. Moreover, the article attempts to estimate daily traffic patterns at particular stages of the pandemic. These types of patterns were also constructed for the weeks in 2019 corresponding to these stages of the pandemic. Daily traffic volume distributions in 2020 were compared with the corresponding ones in 2019. The obtained results may be useful in terms of planning operational and strategic activities in the field of traffic management in the city and management in subsequent stages of a pandemic or subsequent pandemics.

Research and Improvement of the Keep-Right-Except-to-Pass Rule

2014 ◽  
Vol 915-916 ◽  
pp. 459-463
Author(s):  
He Quan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Mechanics ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Traffic Model ◽  
Light Traffic ◽  
The Road ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Light Passing ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
The Impact

In order to deal with the impact on traffic flow of the rule, we compare the influence factors of traffic flow (passing, etc.) into viscous resistance of fluid mechanics, and establish a traffic model based on fluid mechanics. First, in heavy and light traffic, we respectively use this model to simulate the actual segment of the road and find that when the traffic is heavy, the rule hinder the further increase in traffic. For this reason, we make further improvements to the model to obtain a fluid traffic model based on no passing and find that the improved model makes traffic flow increase significantly. Then, the improved model is applied to the light traffic, we find there are no significant changes in traffic flow .In this regard we propose a new rule: when the traffic is light, passing is allowed, but when the traffic is heavy, passing is not allowed.

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