scholarly journals Evaluation of Two Improved Schemes at Non-Aligned Intersections Affected by a Work Zone with an Entropy Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5494
Author(s):  
Yang Shao ◽  
Zhongbin Luo ◽  
Huan Wu ◽  
Xueyan Han ◽  
Binghong Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Work Zones ◽  
Research Results ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Operation ◽  
The Impact

The impact of work zones on traffic is a common problem encountered in traffic management. The reconstruction of roads is inevitable, and it is necessary and urgent to reduce the impact of the work zone on the operation of traffic. There are many existing research results on the influence of highway work zones, including management strategies, traffic flow control strategies, and various corresponding model theories. There are also many research results on the impacts of urban road and subway construction on traffic operation, including construction efficiency, economic impact, and travel matrix. However, there are few studies concerning the choice of work zone location, and most previous studies have assumed that the work zone choice was scientific and reasonable. Therefore, it is reasonable to choose the location of the work zone and to assess whether there is room for improvement in the road form of the work zone, but this remains a research gap. Therefore, we studied a seven-lane main road T-intersection in Xi’an, China, and investigated a work zone located at this intersection that caused a road offset, leading to the non-aligned flow of main traffic. We designed two road improvement schemes and multiple transition schemes, used VISSIM software to evaluate the traffic operation of the two schemes, and used the entropy method to choose the suitability of the two schemes under different conditions. According to the results, in the best case, the driving time, delay, and number of stops are reduced by 44%, 66%, and 92%.

Traffic impact assessment and mitigation strategies for disruptions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Yohan Chang
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Models ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Work Zones ◽  
Work Activity ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Traffic Impact ◽  
The Impact

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] This dissertation research focuses on modeling traffic conditions affected by disruptive events such as work zones, incidents, and hurricanes. Using a combination of field data and simulation experiments, this research tried to address the relationship between disruptive events and their impact on traffic conditions and driver behavior. The first half of the dissertation assesses the impact of work zones. First, a data-driven assessment of the traffic impact of work zones using different data sources was conducted. A tool was developed for practitioners to estimate the delay and travel times of planned work zones. Second, traffic flow and speed prediction models were developed for work zones in order to assist with the better scheduling of work activity. Machine learning approaches were used to develop the prediction models. In addition to work zone effects, the effects of another special event, baseball gameday conditions, were also studied and traffic prediction models were developed. Third, using naturalistic driving study data, classification algorithms categorized work zone events into crashes, nearcrashes, and baseline conditions. In the second half of the dissertation, the focus shifts to the effect of emergency on evacuation. Two chapters in this section present the results of different traffic management strategies -- 1) contraflow crossover and ramp closure optimization and 2) reservation-based intersection control in connected and autonomous vehicle environment.

scholarly journals Ekspertni pristup poboljšanju sigurnosti u zonama radova na cesti

Sigurnost ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-260
Author(s):  
Joso Vrkljan ◽  
Miljenko Mustapić ◽  
Antun Štimac
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Road User ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
Work Zones ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Work

SUMMARY: An ever-increasing volume of traffic on Croatian roads increases the volume of maintenance work. Road works negatively impact traffic mobility and road user safety, and also safety of the maintenance workers. Improving traffic mobility and safety is the key issue that all interested parties (planning and managing road works and those executing them) should address. Mitigation of negative effects is possible via certain expert system measures. Presented in the paper are the options provided by expert systems implemented in the road work zones as factors for improving road maintenance and safe traffic flow, as well as road workers safety. Introducing relevant data into the data base, an expert system is created providing the driver approaching a road work zone with a number of alternative routes. Also shown is a driving diagram for road work zones with special focus on slowing down speed upon entering the road work zone. The results show that the implementation of expert systems based on relevant data would significantly facilitate traffic management in road work zones and improve the safety of traffic and road workers, as well as the workers' efficacy.

scholarly journals Impacts of Snowy Weather Conditions on Expressway Traffic Flow Characteristics

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiancheng Weng ◽  
Lili Liu ◽  
Jian Rong
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Service Levels ◽  
The Road ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Snow Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Snowy weather will significantly degrade expressway operations, reduce service levels, and increase driving difficulty. Furthermore, the impact of snow varies in different types of roads, diverse cities, and snow densities due to different driving behavior. Traffic flow parameters are essential to decide what should be appropriate for weather-related traffic management and control strategies. This paper takes Beijing as a case study and analyzes traffic flow data collected by detectors in expressways. By comparing the performance of traffic flow under normal and snowy weather conditions, this paper quantitatively describes the impact of adverse weather on expressway volume and average speeds. Results indicate that average speeds on the Beijing expressway under heavy snow conditions decrease by 10–20 km/h when compared to those under normal weather conditions, the vehicle headway generally increases by 2–4 seconds, and the road capacity drops by about 33%. This paper also develops a specific expressway traffic parameter reduction model which proposes reduction coefficients of expressway volumes and speeds under various snow density conditions in Beijing. The conclusions paper provide effective foundational parameters for urban expressway controls and traffic management under snow conditions.

scholarly journals Extracting Road Traffic Volume in the City before and during covid-19 through Video Remote Sensing

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2329
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Macioszek ◽  
Agata Kurek
Keyword(s):  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
Annual Average Daily Traffic ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Continuous, automatic measurements of road traffic volume allow the obtaining of information on daily, weekly or seasonal fluctuations in road traffic volume. They are the basis for calculating the annual average daily traffic volume, obtaining information about the relevant traffic volume, or calculating indicators for converting traffic volume from short-term measurements to average daily traffic volume. The covid-19 pandemic has contributed to extensive social and economic anomalies worldwide. In addition to the health consequences, the impact on travel behavior on the transport network was also sudden, extensive, and unpredictable. Changes in the transport behavior resulted in different values of traffic volume on the road and street network than before. The article presents road traffic volume analysis in the city before and during the restrictions related to covid-19. Selected traffic characteristics were compared for 2019 and 2020. This analysis made it possible to characterize the daily, weekly and annual variability of traffic volume in 2019 and 2020. Moreover, the article attempts to estimate daily traffic patterns at particular stages of the pandemic. These types of patterns were also constructed for the weeks in 2019 corresponding to these stages of the pandemic. Daily traffic volume distributions in 2020 were compared with the corresponding ones in 2019. The obtained results may be useful in terms of planning operational and strategic activities in the field of traffic management in the city and management in subsequent stages of a pandemic or subsequent pandemics.

Feasibility Study of Traffic Signals at Intersections in Peshawar, Pakistan

2012 ◽  
Vol 253-255 ◽  
pp. 1645-1649
Author(s):  
Rawid Khan ◽  
Ghulam Dastagir ◽  
Omar Shahid ◽  
Zeeshan Ahmed ◽  
Bashir Alam
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Traffic Signals ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Signal Timing ◽  
Traffic Data ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
The Road ◽  
Micro Simulation ◽  
Signal Time

The paper is part of an ongoing research project on traffic management strategies for Peshawar Pakistan. Traffic data collected and warrant tests checked at selected intersections. Peak hour vehicular volume warrant test selected and performed at intersections. Signal timing capacity and delay analysis performed and level of service determined for selected intersection. It was found that “for the same width of the road” the delay and level of service is different at different locations and the corresponding signal time is also different. Some data also analysed in 3D micro simulation.

Application of LiDAR and Connected Vehicle Data to Evaluate the Impact of Work Zone Geometry on Freeway Traffic Operations

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (16) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle M. Mekker ◽  
Yun-Jou Lin ◽  
Magdy K. I. Elbahnasawy ◽  
Tamer S. A. Shamseldin ◽  
Howell Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Connected Vehicle ◽  
Traffic Operations ◽  
Work Zones ◽  
Geometric Data ◽  
Vehicle Data ◽  
The Impact

Extensive literature exists regarding recommendations for lane widths, merging tapers, and work zone geometry to provide safe and efficient traffic operations. However, it is often infeasible or unsafe for inspectors to check these geometric features in a freeway work zone. This paper discusses the integration of LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging)-generated geometric data with connected vehicle speed data to evaluate the impact of work zone geometry on traffic operations. Connected vehicle speed data can be used at both a system-wide (statewide) or segment-level view to identify periods of congestion and queueing. Examples of regional trends, localized incidents, and recurring bottlenecks are shown in the data in this paper. A LiDAR-mounted vehicle was deployed to a variety of work zones where recurring bottlenecks were identified to collect geometric data. In total, 350 directional miles were covered, resulting in approximately 360 GB of data. Two case studies, where geometric anomalies were identified, are discussed in this paper: a short segment with a narrow lane width of 10–10.5 feet and a merging taper that was about 200 feet shorter than recommended by the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. In both case studies, these work zone features did not conform to project specifications but were difficult to assess safely by an inspector in the field because of the high volume of traffic. The paper concludes by recommending the use of connected vehicle data to systematically identify work zones with recurring congestion and the use of LiDAR to assess work zone geometrics.

scholarly journals Multistage Impacts of the Heavy Rain Process on the Travel Speeds of Urban Roads

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 557
Author(s):  
Qiuping Li ◽  
Haowen Luo ◽  
Xuechen Luan
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Urban Transportation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Heavy Rain ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
Speed Change ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Personal Travel

Heavy rain causes the highest drop in travel speeds compared with light and moderate rain because it can easily induce flooding on road surfaces, which can continue to hinder urban transportation even after the rainfall is over. However, very few studies have specialized in researching the multistage impacts of the heavy rain process on urban roads, and the cumulative effects of heavy rain in road networks are often overlooked. In this study, the heavy rain process is divided into three consecutive stages, i.e., prepeak, peak, and postpeak. The impact of heavy rain on a road is represented by a three-dimensional traffic speed change ratio vector. Then, the k-means clustering method is implemented to reveal the distinct patterns of speed change ratio vectors. Finally, the characteristics of the links in each cluster are analyzed. An empirical study of Shenzhen, China suggests that there are three major impact patterns in links. The differences among links associated with the three impact patterns are related to the road category, travel speeds in no rain days, and the number of transportation facilities. The findings in this research can contribute to a more in-depth understanding of the relationship between the heavy rain process and the travel speeds of urban roads and provide valuable information for traffic management and personal travel in heavy rain weather.

scholarly journals The Impact of Emergency Parking Bays on Quasi-Eight-Lane Expressway Traffic Operations

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3432
Author(s):  
Zhen Yang ◽  
Xiaocan Chen ◽  
Dazhi Sun
Keyword(s):  
High Volume ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Traffic Operations ◽  
Microscopic Simulation ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Traffic Demand ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Operation ◽  
The Impact

Recently, with the discrepancy between increasing traffic demand and limited land resources, more and more expressways are choosing to use hard shoulders to expand into quasi-six-lane or quasi-eight-lane roads. Therefore, more emergency parking bays are used in place of traditional parking belts. However, there are no standards defining clear and unified specifications for the design of parking bays. This paper aimed to investigate the impact of emergency parking bays on expressway traffic operations with various traffic volumes and setting conditions. Based on the Monte Carlo method, VISSIM (Verkehr in Städten Simulation, a microscopic simulation software) simulation experiments were conducted using measured traffic operation data from one expressway in Zhejiang province. The probability of unsafe deceleration, lane-changing maneuvers and delay times were considered as the safety and efficiency indexes in this simulation study. The simulation results indicated that the emergency parking vehicle had an increasing impact on the following vehicle as the traffic volume increased. However, the impact pattern was found to be insensitive to the changing of the bay taper length. For low traffic volume, compared with the arrival vehicle, the departure vehicle had more impact on the traffic operation of the mainline. However, the impact of the arrival vehicle became more remarkable as the traffic volume increased. After parking, the waiting time for merging into the mainline was reduced as the volume decreased or as the bay taper increased. Furthermore, reductions caused by varying bay tapers were more significant under high volume conditions. Finally, this study suggests that parking bays are inapplicable when the occupancy of the road space exceeds 20% (about 3000 veh/h), because they would cause significant impact on the safety and efficiency of the expressway. The results of this paper are useful for the design and implementation of emergency parking bays.

scholarly journals Capacity Analysis for Approach Channels Shared by LNG Carriers

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 697
Author(s):  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Linying Chen ◽  
Pengfei Chen ◽  
Yu Luo ◽  
Junmin Mou
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Capacity Analysis ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Traffic Capacity ◽  
Approach Channel ◽  
General Cargo ◽  
The Impact

The transport of liquefied natural gas (LNG) has significant impact on traffic capacity of waterways, especially the approach channels shared by LNG carriers and other types of ships (general cargo ships, container ships, etc.). Few studies take the behavioral characteristics of LNG carriers and their impacts into consideration. In this paper, we propose a framework for capacity analysis of shared approach channels based on the spatial–temporal consumption method. It consists of three modules: (1) the tide module predicts the tidal height and tidal time for identifying the time windows for LNG carriers; (2) the spatial–temporal consumption module is introduced to calculate the capacity of approach channels; (3) the LNG carrier navigation module is for analyzing the characteristics of LNG carriers and the impact on the capacity of approach channels. A spatial–temporal indexed chart is designed to visualize the utilization of the spatial–temporal resources. A case study on the approach channel of Yueqing Bay near the east coast of China is conducted to verify the effectiveness of the framework. The utilization rates of the approach channel and the impact of LNG carriers are presented using our method. The results of the case study indicate that the proposed traffic capacity analyzing framework can provide support for making traffic management strategies.

Evaluation of Interstate Work Zone Mobility using Probe Vehicle Data and Machine Learning Techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (2) ◽  
pp. 811-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Kamyab ◽  
Stephen Remias ◽  
Erfan Najmi ◽  
Kerrick Hood ◽  
Mustafa Al-Akshar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Work Zones ◽  
Vehicle Data ◽  
Gps Devices ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Impact

According to the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), US work zones on freeways account for nearly 24% of nonrecurring freeway delays and 10% of overall congestion. Historically, there have been limited scalable datasets to investigate the specific causes of congestion due to work zones or to improve work zone planning processes to characterize the impact of work zone congestion. In recent years, third-party data vendors have provided scalable speed data from Global Positioning System (GPS) devices and cell phones which can be used to characterize mobility on all roadways. Each work zone has unique characteristics and varying mobility impacts which are predicted during the planning and design phases, but can realistically be quite different from what is ultimately experienced by the traveling public. This paper uses these datasets to introduce a scalable Work Zone Mobility Audit (WZMA) template. Additionally, the paper uses metrics developed for individual work zones to characterize the impact of more than 250 work zones varying in length and duration from Southeast Michigan. The authors make recommendations to work zone engineers on useful data to collect for improving the WZMA. As more systematic work zone data are collected, improved analytical assessment techniques, such as machine learning processes, can be used to identify the factors that will predict future work zone impacts. The paper concludes by demonstrating two machine learning algorithms, Random Forest and XGBoost, which show historical speed variation is a critical component when predicting the mobility impact of work zones.

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