scholarly journals The Controlled Synthesis of Carbon Tubes and Rods by Template-Assisted Twin Polymerization

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Falko Böttger-Hiller ◽  
Patrick Kempe ◽  
Gisela Baumann ◽  
Michael Hietschold ◽  
Philipp Schäfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Carbon ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Catalyst Support ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Carbon Layer ◽  
Microporous Carbon ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Outer Diameter

The application of porous carbon is versatile. It is used for high-performance catalyst support, electrode material in batteries, and gas storage. In each of these application fields nanostructuring improves the material properties. Supercapacitors store a high energy density. Exactly adapted carbon structures increase the life of lithium batteries and protect catalysts with increasing reaction rate and selectivity. Most of porous carbon materials have a spherical shape. To the best of our knowledge, there is no procedure to synthesize nanostructured cylindrical porous carbon systematically. Here, template glass fibres and SiO2-tubes were modified with nanostructured SiO2/phenolic resin and SiO2/poly(furfuryl alcohol) layers by surface twin polymerization (TP) of 2,2′-spirobi[4H-1,3,2-benzodioxasiline] and tetrafurfuryloxysilane. Afterwards the SiO2/polymer layer on the template is thermally transformed into a defect-free nanostructured SiO2/carbon layer. After completely removing the SiO2components microporous carbon tubes or rods are finally achieved. The diameters of the carbon rods and the inner as well as the outer diameter of the carbon tubes are adjustable according to the shape and size of the template. Thus, a huge variety of microporous carbon materials can be easily produced by template-assisted TP.

Nanospace-confined synthesis of oriented porous carbon nanosheets for high-performance electrical double layer capacitors

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (43) ◽  
pp. 16879-16885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Wang ◽  
Hui Dou ◽  
Bing Ding ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Zhi Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Electrical Double Layer ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Carbon Nanosheets ◽  
Electrical Double Layer Capacitors ◽  
Double Layer Capacitors

A symmetric capacitor based on facilely synthesized three-dimensional oriented porous carbon nanosheets delivers high energy density.

A hierarchical porous carbon material from a loofah sponge network for high performance supercapacitors

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (53) ◽  
pp. 42430-42437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuting Luan ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Shien Guo ◽  
Baojiang Jiang ◽  
Dongdong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Porous Carbon Material ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Hierarchical Porous Carbon ◽  
Porous Carbon Materials ◽  
Loofah Sponge ◽  
Hierarchical Porous

High surface area, hierarchical porous carbon materials were obtained by carbonization and activation process of the loofah sponge. The porous carbon materials with good conductivity exhibit high energy density and power density.

Facile self-templating synthesis of heteroatom-doped 3D porous carbon materials from waste biomass for supercapacitors

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (78) ◽  
pp. 11689-11692
Author(s):  
Yong Yao ◽  
Qiaoxia Feng ◽  
Baoyu Huo ◽  
Haihui Zhou ◽  
Zhongyuan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Aqueous Electrolyte ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
Porous Carbon Materials ◽  
Templating Synthesis

Heteroatom-doped 3D porous carbon has been synthesized by utilizing hydroxyapatite in pig bones as a self-template and used in symmetric supercapacitors exhibiting ultra-high energy density both in an aqueous electrolyte and organic electrolyte.

Nitrogen and Fluorine Dual-Doped Carbon Nanosheets for High-Performance Supercapacitors

NANO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 1950042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Jiao ◽  
Zhong Jie Zhang ◽  
Xiang Ying Chen
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Trisodium Citrate ◽  
Ammonium Fluoride ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Electrode System ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Carbon Nanosheets ◽  
Large Capacitance

Doping carbon materials with heteroatoms such as N, F is an effective approach to elevating the capacitive performance of supercapacitors. In this paper, nitrogen and fluorine dual-doped two-dimensional (2D) porous carbon nanosheets (PCNSs) have been fabricated by a straightforward template carbonization method, using trisodium citrate as carbon source and self-template, and ammonium fluoride as N/F dopants. The N/F-doped carbon samples are well characterized by a series of techniques and measured in a three-electrode system and two-electrode system, respectively. As a result, N/F-doped carbon has delivered large capacitance of 110[Formula: see text]F[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] at 1[Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] and high-energy density of 3.82[Formula: see text]W h kg[Formula: see text] at the power density of 0.5[Formula: see text]kW[Formula: see text]kg[Formula: see text]. It is also revealed that semi-ionic C–F bonds in PCNSs have enhanced electrical conductivity, hence, facilitating electron transport in the electrode. For comparison, ammonium chloride is used as sole dopant for producing N-doped carbon materials, whose capacitive performances are much lower than the N/F-codoped one, indicating the synergistic effect of N/F for capacitive improvement.

scholarly journals One-step preparation of N,O co-doped 3D hierarchically porous carbon derived from soybean dregs for high-performance supercapacitors

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (30) ◽  
pp. 17308-17317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Zhu ◽  
Guangzhen Zhao ◽  
Junyou Shi ◽  
Wei Ou-Yang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Hierarchically Porous ◽  
One Step ◽  
Co Doped

N,O co-doped 3D HPC derived from soybean dregs was prepared by a one-step method and displays an amazingly high energy density of 22 W h kg−1 (450 W kg−1) using 1 M Na2SO4 solution.

Designed construction of yolk–shell structured trimanganese tetraoxide nanospheres via polar solvent-assisted etching and biomass-derived activated porous carbon materials for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (30) ◽  
pp. 15808-15821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goli Nagaraju ◽  
S. Chandra Sekhar ◽  
G. Seeta Rama Raju ◽  
L. Krishna Bharat ◽  
Jae Su Yu
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Polar Solvent ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Asymmetric Supercapacitors ◽  
Porous Carbon Materials ◽  
High Energy Storage

Yolk–shell structured Mn3O4 nanospheres and biomass-derived activated carbon materials were prepared for use in high energy storage asymmetric supercapacitors.

Efficient Co-Harvesting of Solar Energy and Low-Grade Heat by Molecular Photoswitches for High Energy Density, Long-Term Stable Solar Thermal Battery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Yang Zhang ◽  
Tao LI
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Thermal Battery ◽  
Low Grade Heat

Solar energy and ambient heat are two inexhaustible energy sources for addressing the global challenge of energy and sustainability. Solar thermal battery based on molecular switches that can store solar energy and release it as heat has recently attracted great interest, but its development is severely limited by both low energy density and short storage stability. On the other hand, the efficient recovery and upgrading of low-grade heat, especially that of the ambient heat, has been a great challenge. Here we report that solar energy and ambient heat can be simultaneously harvested and stored, which is enabled by room-temperature photochemical crystal-to-liquid transitions of small-molecule photoswitches. The two forms of energy are released together to produce high-temperature heat during the reverse photochemical phase change. This strategy, combined with molecular design, provides high energy density of 320-370 J/g and long-term storage stability (half-life of about 3 months). On this basis, we fabricate high-performance, flexible film devices of solar thermal battery, which can be readily recharged at room temperature with good cycling ability, show fast rate of heat release, and produce high-temperature heat that is >20<sup> o</sup>C higher than the ambient temperature. Our work opens up a new avenue to harvest ambient heat, and demonstrate a feasible strategy to develop high-performance solar thermal battery.

Efficient Co-Harvesting of Solar Energy and Low-Grade Heat by Molecular Photoswitches for High Energy Density, Long-Term Stable Solar Thermal Battery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Yang Zhang ◽  
Tao LI
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Thermal Battery ◽  
Low Grade Heat

Solar energy and ambient heat are two inexhaustible energy sources for addressing the global challenge of energy and sustainability. Solar thermal battery based on molecular switches that can store solar energy and release it as heat has recently attracted great interest, but its development is severely limited by both low energy density and short storage stability. On the other hand, the efficient recovery and upgrading of low-grade heat, especially that of the ambient heat, has been a great challenge. Here we report that solar energy and ambient heat can be simultaneously harvested and stored, which is enabled by room-temperature photochemical crystal-to-liquid transitions of small-molecule photoswitches. The two forms of energy are released together to produce high-temperature heat during the reverse photochemical phase change. This strategy, combined with molecular design, provides high energy density of 320-370 J/g and long-term storage stability (half-life of about 3 months). On this basis, we fabricate high-performance, flexible film devices of solar thermal battery, which can be readily recharged at room temperature with good cycling ability, show fast rate of heat release, and produce high-temperature heat that is >20<sup> o</sup>C higher than the ambient temperature. Our work opens up a new avenue to harvest ambient heat, and demonstrate a feasible strategy to develop high-performance solar thermal battery.

scholarly journals Defect-induced B4C electrodes for high energy density supercapacitor devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Özge Balcı ◽  
Merve Buldu ◽  
Ameen Uddin Ammar ◽  
Kamil Kiraz ◽  
Mehmet Somer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Carbon ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
G Ratio ◽  
Energy And Power Density

AbstractBoron carbide powders were synthesized by mechanically activated annealing process using anhydrous boron oxide (B2O3) and varying carbon (C) sources such as graphite and activated carbon: The precursors were mechanically activated for different times in a high energy ball mill and reacted in an induction furnace. According to the Raman analyses of the carbon sources, the I(D)/I(G) ratio increased from ~ 0.25 to ~ 0.99, as the carbon material changed from graphite to active carbon, indicating the highly defected and disordered structure of active carbon. Complementary advanced EPR analysis of defect centers in B4C revealed that the intrinsic defects play a major role in the electrochemical performance of the supercapacitor device once they have an electrode component made of bare B4C. Depending on the starting material and synthesis conditions the conductivity, energy, and power density, as well as capacity, can be controlled hence high-performance supercapacitor devices can be produced.

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