Nitrogen and Fluorine Dual-Doped Carbon Nanosheets for High-Performance Supercapacitors

NANO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 1950042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Jiao ◽  
Zhong Jie Zhang ◽  
Xiang Ying Chen
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Trisodium Citrate ◽  
Ammonium Fluoride ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Electrode System ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Carbon Nanosheets ◽  
Large Capacitance

Doping carbon materials with heteroatoms such as N, F is an effective approach to elevating the capacitive performance of supercapacitors. In this paper, nitrogen and fluorine dual-doped two-dimensional (2D) porous carbon nanosheets (PCNSs) have been fabricated by a straightforward template carbonization method, using trisodium citrate as carbon source and self-template, and ammonium fluoride as N/F dopants. The N/F-doped carbon samples are well characterized by a series of techniques and measured in a three-electrode system and two-electrode system, respectively. As a result, N/F-doped carbon has delivered large capacitance of 110[Formula: see text]F[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] at 1[Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] and high-energy density of 3.82[Formula: see text]W h kg[Formula: see text] at the power density of 0.5[Formula: see text]kW[Formula: see text]kg[Formula: see text]. It is also revealed that semi-ionic C–F bonds in PCNSs have enhanced electrical conductivity, hence, facilitating electron transport in the electrode. For comparison, ammonium chloride is used as sole dopant for producing N-doped carbon materials, whose capacitive performances are much lower than the N/F-codoped one, indicating the synergistic effect of N/F for capacitive improvement.

Nanospace-confined synthesis of oriented porous carbon nanosheets for high-performance electrical double layer capacitors

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (43) ◽  
pp. 16879-16885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Wang ◽  
Hui Dou ◽  
Bing Ding ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Zhi Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Electrical Double Layer ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Carbon Nanosheets ◽  
Electrical Double Layer Capacitors ◽  
Double Layer Capacitors

A symmetric capacitor based on facilely synthesized three-dimensional oriented porous carbon nanosheets delivers high energy density.

Two-Dimensional Imine-Based Covalent-Organic-Framework Derived Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon Nanosheets for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaofei Guo ◽  
Jiaojiao Xu ◽  
Li-Ping Lv ◽  
Shuangqiang Chen ◽  
Weiwei Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Cycling Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Carbon Nanosheets ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Lithium Sulfur Batteries ◽  
High Theoretical Capacity ◽  
Low Sulfur ◽  
Lithium Sulfur

Lithium-sulfur batteries are attracting more attention for high theoretical capacity and high energy density. And in order to overcome the problem of short cycling performance, low sulfur loading and shuttle...

scholarly journals The Controlled Synthesis of Carbon Tubes and Rods by Template-Assisted Twin Polymerization

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Falko Böttger-Hiller ◽  
Patrick Kempe ◽  
Gisela Baumann ◽  
Michael Hietschold ◽  
Philipp Schäfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Carbon ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Catalyst Support ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Carbon Layer ◽  
Microporous Carbon ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Outer Diameter

The application of porous carbon is versatile. It is used for high-performance catalyst support, electrode material in batteries, and gas storage. In each of these application fields nanostructuring improves the material properties. Supercapacitors store a high energy density. Exactly adapted carbon structures increase the life of lithium batteries and protect catalysts with increasing reaction rate and selectivity. Most of porous carbon materials have a spherical shape. To the best of our knowledge, there is no procedure to synthesize nanostructured cylindrical porous carbon systematically. Here, template glass fibres and SiO2-tubes were modified with nanostructured SiO2/phenolic resin and SiO2/poly(furfuryl alcohol) layers by surface twin polymerization (TP) of 2,2′-spirobi[4H-1,3,2-benzodioxasiline] and tetrafurfuryloxysilane. Afterwards the SiO2/polymer layer on the template is thermally transformed into a defect-free nanostructured SiO2/carbon layer. After completely removing the SiO2components microporous carbon tubes or rods are finally achieved. The diameters of the carbon rods and the inner as well as the outer diameter of the carbon tubes are adjustable according to the shape and size of the template. Thus, a huge variety of microporous carbon materials can be easily produced by template-assisted TP.

scholarly journals Dielectric capacitors with three-dimensional nanoscale interdigital electrodes for energy storage

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. e1500605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangming Han ◽  
Guowen Meng ◽  
Fei Zhou ◽  
Li Song ◽  
Xinhua Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Breakdown Voltage ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Interdigital Electrodes ◽  
Large Capacitance

Dielectric capacitors are promising candidates for high-performance energy storage systems due to their high power density and increasing energy density. However, the traditional approach strategies to enhance the performance of dielectric capacitors cannot simultaneously achieve large capacitance and high breakdown voltage. We demonstrate that such limitations can be overcome by using a completely new three-dimensional (3D) nanoarchitectural electrode design. First, we fabricate a unique nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane with two sets of interdigitated and isolated straight nanopores opening toward opposite planar surfaces. By depositing carbon nanotubes in both sets of pores inside the AAO membrane, the new dielectric capacitor with 3D nanoscale interdigital electrodes is simply realized. In our new capacitors, the large specific surface area of AAO can provide large capacitance, whereas uniform pore walls and hemispheric barrier layers can enhance breakdown voltage. As a result, a high energy density of 2 Wh/kg, which is close to the value of a supercapacitor, can be achieved, showing promising potential in high-density electrical energy storage for various applications.

scholarly journals Recent Progress on Two-Dimensional Carbon Materials for Emerging Post-Lithium (Na+, K+, Zn2+) Hybrid Supercapacitors

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2137
Author(s):  
Chao Han ◽  
Xinyi Wang ◽  
Jian Peng ◽  
Qingbing Xia ◽  
Shulei Chou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Hybrid Supercapacitors ◽  
Concept Review ◽  
Hybrid Capacitors

The hybrid ion capacitor (HIC) is a hybrid electrochemical energy storage device that combines the intercalation mechanism of a lithium-ion battery anode with the double-layer mechanism of the cathode. Thus, an HIC combines the high energy density of batteries and the high power density of supercapacitors, thus bridging the gap between batteries and supercapacitors. Two-dimensional (2D) carbon materials (graphite, graphene, carbon nanosheets) are promising candidates for hybrid capacitors owing to their unique physical and chemical properties, including their enormous specific surface areas, abundance of active sites (surface and functional groups), and large interlayer spacing. So far, there has been no review focusing on the 2D carbon-based materials for the emerging post-lithium hybrid capacitors. This concept review considers the role of 2D carbon in hybrid capacitors and the recent progress in the application of 2D carbon materials for post-Li (Na+, K+, Zn2+) hybrid capacitors. Moreover, their challenges and trends in their future development are discussed.

Efficient Co-Harvesting of Solar Energy and Low-Grade Heat by Molecular Photoswitches for High Energy Density, Long-Term Stable Solar Thermal Battery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Yang Zhang ◽  
Tao LI
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Thermal Battery ◽  
Low Grade Heat

Solar energy and ambient heat are two inexhaustible energy sources for addressing the global challenge of energy and sustainability. Solar thermal battery based on molecular switches that can store solar energy and release it as heat has recently attracted great interest, but its development is severely limited by both low energy density and short storage stability. On the other hand, the efficient recovery and upgrading of low-grade heat, especially that of the ambient heat, has been a great challenge. Here we report that solar energy and ambient heat can be simultaneously harvested and stored, which is enabled by room-temperature photochemical crystal-to-liquid transitions of small-molecule photoswitches. The two forms of energy are released together to produce high-temperature heat during the reverse photochemical phase change. This strategy, combined with molecular design, provides high energy density of 320-370 J/g and long-term storage stability (half-life of about 3 months). On this basis, we fabricate high-performance, flexible film devices of solar thermal battery, which can be readily recharged at room temperature with good cycling ability, show fast rate of heat release, and produce high-temperature heat that is >20<sup> o</sup>C higher than the ambient temperature. Our work opens up a new avenue to harvest ambient heat, and demonstrate a feasible strategy to develop high-performance solar thermal battery.

Efficient Co-Harvesting of Solar Energy and Low-Grade Heat by Molecular Photoswitches for High Energy Density, Long-Term Stable Solar Thermal Battery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Yang Zhang ◽  
Tao LI
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Thermal Battery ◽  
Low Grade Heat

Solar energy and ambient heat are two inexhaustible energy sources for addressing the global challenge of energy and sustainability. Solar thermal battery based on molecular switches that can store solar energy and release it as heat has recently attracted great interest, but its development is severely limited by both low energy density and short storage stability. On the other hand, the efficient recovery and upgrading of low-grade heat, especially that of the ambient heat, has been a great challenge. Here we report that solar energy and ambient heat can be simultaneously harvested and stored, which is enabled by room-temperature photochemical crystal-to-liquid transitions of small-molecule photoswitches. The two forms of energy are released together to produce high-temperature heat during the reverse photochemical phase change. This strategy, combined with molecular design, provides high energy density of 320-370 J/g and long-term storage stability (half-life of about 3 months). On this basis, we fabricate high-performance, flexible film devices of solar thermal battery, which can be readily recharged at room temperature with good cycling ability, show fast rate of heat release, and produce high-temperature heat that is >20<sup> o</sup>C higher than the ambient temperature. Our work opens up a new avenue to harvest ambient heat, and demonstrate a feasible strategy to develop high-performance solar thermal battery.

scholarly journals Defect-induced B4C electrodes for high energy density supercapacitor devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Özge Balcı ◽  
Merve Buldu ◽  
Ameen Uddin Ammar ◽  
Kamil Kiraz ◽  
Mehmet Somer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Carbon ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
G Ratio ◽  
Energy And Power Density

AbstractBoron carbide powders were synthesized by mechanically activated annealing process using anhydrous boron oxide (B2O3) and varying carbon (C) sources such as graphite and activated carbon: The precursors were mechanically activated for different times in a high energy ball mill and reacted in an induction furnace. According to the Raman analyses of the carbon sources, the I(D)/I(G) ratio increased from ~ 0.25 to ~ 0.99, as the carbon material changed from graphite to active carbon, indicating the highly defected and disordered structure of active carbon. Complementary advanced EPR analysis of defect centers in B4C revealed that the intrinsic defects play a major role in the electrochemical performance of the supercapacitor device once they have an electrode component made of bare B4C. Depending on the starting material and synthesis conditions the conductivity, energy, and power density, as well as capacity, can be controlled hence high-performance supercapacitor devices can be produced.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Polymer-Grafted Low-K and High-K Nanoparticles for Dielectric and Electronic Applications

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 2942
Author(s):  
Bhausaheb V. Tawade ◽  
Ikeoluwa E. Apata ◽  
Nihar Pradhan ◽  
Alamgir Karim ◽  
Dharmaraj Raghavan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Breakdown Strength ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Grafted Nanoparticles ◽  
Grafting From

The synthesis of polymer-grafted nanoparticles (PGNPs) or hairy nanoparticles (HNPs) by tethering of polymer chains to the surface of nanoparticles is an important technique to obtain nanostructured hybrid materials that have been widely used in the formulation of advanced polymer nanocomposites. Ceramic-based polymer nanocomposites integrate key attributes of polymer and ceramic nanomaterial to improve the dielectric properties such as breakdown strength, energy density and dielectric loss. This review describes the ”grafting from” and ”grafting to” approaches commonly adopted to graft polymer chains on NPs pertaining to nano-dielectrics. The article also covers various surface initiated controlled radical polymerization techniques, along with templated approaches for grafting of polymer chains onto SiO2, TiO2, BaTiO3, and Al2O3 nanomaterials. As a look towards applications, an outlook on high-performance polymer nanocomposite capacitors for the design of high energy density pulsed power thin-film capacitors is also presented.

A High-Performance Free-Standing Zn Anode for Flexible Zinc-Ion Batteries

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenxi Gao ◽  
Jiawei Wang ◽  
Yuan Huang ◽  
Zixuan Li ◽  
Jiyan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Zinc Ion ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Energy Device ◽  
Zn Anode ◽  
Significant Attention

Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have attracted significant attention owing to their high safety, high energy density, and low cost. ZIBs have been studied as a potential energy device for portable and...

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