Experimental Characterization of Ionic Polymer Metal Composite as a Novel Fractional Order Element

Ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs) are electroactive materials made of ionic polymer thin membranes with platinum metallization on their surfaces. They are interesting materials due to not only their electromechanical applications as transducers but also to their electrochemical features and the relationship between the ionic/solvent current and the potential field. Their electrochemical properties thus suggest the possibility for exploiting them as compact fractional-order elements (FOEs) with a view of defining fabrication processes and production strategies that assure the desired performances. In this paper, the experimental electrical characterization of a brand new IPMC setup in a fixed sandwich configuration is proposed. Two IPMC devices with different platinum absorption times (5 h and 20 h) are characterized through experimental data: first, a preliminary linearity study is performed for a fixed input voltage amplitude in order to determine the frequency region where IPMC can be approximated as linear; then, a frequency analysis is carried out in order to identify a coherent fractional-order dynamics in the bode diagrams. Such analyses take the first steps towards a simplified model of IPMC as a compact electronic FOE for which the fractional exponent value depends on fabrication parameters as the absorption time.

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Two-Degree-of-Freedom Control of an Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite Actuator

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.670.369 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 670 ◽

pp. 369-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Minoru Sasaki ◽

Yusuke Onouchi ◽

Hirohisa Tamagawa ◽

Satoshi Ito

Keyword(s):

Transfer Function ◽

Mathematical Models ◽

High Performance ◽

Input Voltage ◽

Degree Of Freedom ◽

Metal Composite ◽

Ionic Polymer Metal Composites ◽

Ionic Polymer ◽

Polymer Metal ◽

Two Degree Of Freedom

Mathematical models predicting the behaviour of IMPCs (Ionic Polymer-Metal Composites ) were built and their validity was verified computationally as well as experimentally. A transfer function associating the applied input voltage with the IPMC tip displacement was derived based on results obtained by vibration analysis. Employing the derived transfer function, three mathematical models, based on feed forward, feedback and two-degree-of-freedom models, were formulated. Computational and experimental verification of these models revealed that the feedback and two-degree-of-freedom models were capable of high performance in controlling the bending of an IPMC.

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Active Tube-Shaped Actuator with Embedded Square Rod-Shaped Ionic Polymer-Metal Composites for Robotic-Assisted Manipulation

Applied Bionics and Biomechanics ◽

10.1155/2018/4031705 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yanjie Wang ◽

Jiayu Liu ◽

Denglin Zhu ◽

Hualing Chen

Keyword(s):

Cross Sections ◽

Complete Sequence ◽

Metal Composite ◽

Ionic Polymer Metal Composites ◽

Ionic Polymer ◽

Robotic Assisted ◽

Polymer Metal ◽

Solution Casting Method ◽

A New Technique

This paper reports a new technique involving the design, fabrication, and characterization of an ionic polymer-metal composite- (IPMC-) embedded active tube, which can achieve multidegree-of-freedom (MODF) bending motions desirable in many applications, such as a manipulator and an active catheter. However, traditional strip-type IPMC actuators are limited in only being able to generate 1-dimensional bending motion. So, in this paper, we try to develop an approach which involves molding or integrating rod-shaped IPMC actuators into a soft silicone rubber structure to create an active tube. We modified the Nafion solution casting method and developed a complete sequence of a fabrication process for rod-shaped IPMCs with square cross sections and four insulated electrodes on the surface. The silicone gel was cured at a suitable temperature to form a flexible tube using molds fabricated by 3D printing technology. By applying differential voltages to the four electrodes of each IPMC rod-shaped actuator, MDOF bending motions of the active tube can be generated. Experimental results show that such IPMC-embedded tube designs can be used for developing robotic-assisted manipulation.

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Biomimetic Applications of Ionic Polymer Metal Composites (IPMC) Actuators - A Critical Review

Journal of Biomimetics Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.20.1 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Muhammad Farid ◽

Zhao Gang ◽

Tran Linh Khuong ◽

Zhuang Zhi Sun ◽

Naveed Ur Rehman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Critical Review ◽

Low Voltage ◽

Metal Composite ◽

Ionic Polymer Metal Composite ◽

Metal Composites ◽

Ionic Polymer Metal Composites ◽

Ionic Polymer ◽

Design And Manufacturing ◽

Polymer Metal ◽

Biomedical Field

Biomimetic is the field of engineering in which biological creatures and their functions are investigated and are used as the basis for the design and manufacturing of machines. Ionic Polymer Metal Composite (IPMC) is a smart material which has demonstrated a meaningful bending and tip force after the application of a low voltage. It is light-weighted, flexible, easily actuated, multi-directional applicable and requires simple manufacturing. Resultantly, IPMC has attracted scientists and researchers to analyze it further and consider it for any industrial and biomimetic applications. Presently, the research on IPMC is bi-directional oriented. A few groups of researchers are busy to find out the causes for the weaknesses of the material and to find out any remedy for them. The second class of scientists is exploring new areas of applications where IPMC material can be used. Although, the application zone of IPMC is ranging from micropumps diaphragms to surgical holding devices, this paper provides an overview of the IPMC application in biomimetic and biomedical field.

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A recurrent neural network–based model for predicting bending behavior of ionic polymer–metal composite actuators

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures ◽

10.1177/1045389x20942318 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (17) ◽

pp. 1973-1985

Author(s):

Hojat Zamyad ◽

Nadia Naghavi ◽

Reza Godaz ◽

Reza Monsefi

Keyword(s):

Smart Materials ◽

Autoregressive Models ◽

Metal Composite ◽

Ionic Polymer Metal Composite ◽

Ionic Polymer Metal Composites ◽

Ionic Polymer ◽

Practical Applications ◽

Proposed Model ◽

Polymer Metal ◽

Application Potential

The high application potential of ionic polymer–metal composites has made the behavior identification of this group of smart materials an attractive area. So far, several models have been proposed to predict the bending of an ionic polymer–metal composite actuator, but these models have some weaknesses, the most important of them are the use of output data (in autoregressive models), high complexity to achieve a proper precision (in non-autoregressive models), and lack of compatibility with the behavioral nature of the material. In this article, we present a hybrid model of parallel non-autoregressive recurrent networks with internal memory cells to overcome existing weaknesses. The validation results on experimental data show that the proposed model has acceptable accuracy and flexibility. Moreover, simplicity and compatibility with the behavioral nature of the material promote using the proposed model in practical applications.

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Fabrication and Thermo-Mechanical Analysis of Pure Silver-Electrode Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite (IPMC) Actuator

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.1199 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 110-116 ◽

pp. 1199-1206 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dillip Kumar Biswal ◽

Dibakar Bandopadhya ◽

Santosha Kumar Dwivedy

Keyword(s):

Artificial Muscle ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Metal Electrode ◽

Mechanical Analysis ◽

Metal Composite ◽

Ionic Polymer Metal Composites ◽

Ionic Polymer ◽

Polymer Metal ◽

And Performance ◽

Exchange Membrane

Till to date, fabrication of Ionic Polymer-Metal Composites (IPMC) are carried out successfully using noble metal such as platinum/gold as the surface electrode. In this work we have proposed cost effective fabrication method for IPMC actuator using non-precious metal electrode of silver (Ag). Chemical decomposition method is followed using Nafion as the ion exchange membrane to fabricate pure Ag-electrode IPMC. Microscopic and morphological analyses reveal that, silver particles penetrate well through the surface of Nafion membrane. The bending deformation measurement and analysis of the thermo-mechanical properties of the fabricated IPMC is carried out. The experiment results and performance of the IPMC actuator confirm that the fabrication of pure Ag-IPMC is feasible and can be used as artificial muscle material.

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Modeling Ionic Polymer-Metal Composites with Space-Time Adaptive Multimeshhp-FEM

Communications in Computational Physics ◽

10.4208/cicp.081110.180311a ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 249-270 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

David Pugal ◽

Pavel Solin ◽

Kwang J. Kim ◽

Alvo Aabloo

Keyword(s):

Coupled System ◽

Metal Composite ◽

Ionic Polymer Metal Composite ◽

The Finite Element Method ◽

Metal Composites ◽

Ionic Polymer Metal Composites ◽

Ionic Polymer ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

Polymer Metal ◽

Adaptive Fem

AbstractWe are concerned with a model of ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) materials that consists of a coupled system of the Poisson and Nernst-Planck equations, discretized by means of the finite element method (FEM). We show that due to the transient character of the problem it is efficient to use adaptive algorithms that are capable of changing the mesh dynamically in time. We also show that due to large qualitative and quantitative differences between the two solution components, it is efficient to approximate them on different meshes using a novel adaptive multimeshhp-FEM. The study is accompanied with numerous computations and comparisons of the adaptive multimeshhp-FEM with several other adaptive FEM algorithms.

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Fabrication and Characterization of IPMC Actuator for Underwater Micro Robot Propulsor

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.575.716 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 575 ◽

pp. 716-720 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M.F. Shaari ◽

S.K. Saw ◽

Z. Samad

Keyword(s):

Orientation Angle ◽

Underwater Robot ◽

Metal Composite ◽

Input Frequency ◽

Ionic Polymer ◽

Micro Robot ◽

Polymer Metal ◽

Fabrication And Characterization ◽

Different Thickness

The usage of Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite (IPMC) actuator as the propulsor for underwater robot has been worked out by many scientists and researchers. IPMC actuator had been selected due to its advantages such as low energy consumption, low operation noise and ability to work underwater. This paper presents the fabrication and characterization of the IPMC actuator. The IPMC actuator samples had been fabricated using electroless plating for three different thickness and lengths. The characterization was conducted to determine the influence of the thickness, length, input frequency, drive voltage and orientation angle on the tip force and output frequency. The results show that IPMC thickness has significant influence on the tip force generation and lower input frequency would results wider displacement. The recorded results are essential as future reference in developing the propulsor for the underwater robot.

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