scholarly journals High Expression of Ecto-Nucleotidases CD39 and CD73 in Human Endometrial Tumors

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabet Aliagas ◽  
August Vidal ◽  
Laura Texidó ◽  
Jordi Ponce ◽  
Enric Condom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Extracellular Adenosine ◽  
Serous Tumors ◽  
Female Genital

One of the strategies used by tumors to evade immunosurveillance is the accumulation of extracellular adenosine, which has immunosupressive and tumor promoting effects. The study of the mechanisms leading to adenosine formation at the tumor interstitium are therefore of great interest in oncology. The dominant pathway generating extracellular adenosine in tumors is the dephosphorylation of ATP by ecto-nucleotidases. Two of these enzymes acting sequentially, CD39 and CD73, efficiently hydrolyze extracellular ATP to adenosine. They have been found to play a crucial role in a variety of tumors, but there were no data concerning endometrial cancer, the most frequent of the invasive tumors of the female genital tract. The aim of the present work is to study the expression of CD39 and CD73 in human endometrial cancer. We have analyzed protein and gene expression, as well as enzyme activity, in type I endometrioid adenocarcinomas and type II serous adenocarcinomas and their nonpathological endometrial counterparts. High levels of both enzymes were found in tumor samples, with significantly increased expression of CD39 in type II serous tumors, which also coincided with the higher tumor grade. Our results reinforce the involvement of the adenosinergic system in cancer, emphasizing the relevance of ecto-nucleotidases as emerging therapeutic targets in oncology.

scholarly journals Controversies in the Management of Endometrial Carcinoma: An Update

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed K. Mehasseb ◽  
John A. Latimer
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Endometrial Carcinoma ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Changing Roles ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Female Genital

Endometrial carcinoma is the commonest type of female genital tract malignancy in the developed countries. Endometrial carcinoma is usually confined to the uterus at the time of diagnosis and as such usually carries an excellent prognosis with high curability. Our understanding and management of endometrial cancer have continuously developed. Current controversies focus on screening and early detection, the extent of nodal surgery, and the changing roles of radiation therapy and chemotherapy and will be discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals A Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)–Inducing Factor from the Female Genital Tract Activates HIV‐1 Gene Expression through the κB Enhancer

1998 ◽  
Vol 178 (5) ◽  
pp. 1343-1351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Al‐Harthi ◽  
Gregory T. Spear ◽  
Farhad B. Hashemi ◽  
Alan Landay ◽  
Beverly E. Sha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Female Genital

scholarly journals Malignant Tumors of the Female Genital Tract – a Hospital Based Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
R Joshi ◽  
G Baral ◽  
K Malla
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Corpus Uteri ◽  
Female Genital

Aims: The incidence of cancer and the cancer related deaths are increasing worldwide. There is limited data regarding  gynecological cancers in Nepal. This study is conducted to analyze the trends of female genital tract malignancies in Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital (PMWH) and compare it with the national/international data.Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted in Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Pathology in PMWH.  All female diagnosed with the genital tract malignancies from July 2013 to July 2015 were included in the study.Results: Among 62 cases, cervical cancer was the commonest (71%) followed by ovarian cancer (14%), endometrial cancer (8%) and choriocarcinoma (3%). Majority of women belonged to 50-59 years for each type of tumors. Four-fifth of endometrial, half of the cervical and one-third of ovarian cancers were among grand-multipara. Sixty nine percent of women received treatment with 22 (9 cervical, 9 ovarian, 3 endometrial and one of corpus uteri)  surgical and 21 primary chemo/radiotherapy but 19 (31%) were lost for follow-up. Squamous type of cervical cancer was the commonest (93%).Conclusions: Cervical cancer was the commonest genital tract malignancy followed by ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer and choriocarcinoma. For each type of tumors, 50-59 years was the common age group and grand multiparity was seen in half of the women with the cervical cancer. Squamous type of cervical cancer was the commonest variety.  

scholarly journals lncRNA SNHG5 Modulates Endometrial Cancer Progression via the miR-25-3p/BTG2 Axis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Li ◽  
Yanan Shan ◽  
Xiaoya Li ◽  
Cong Zhang ◽  
Sisi Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Putative Target ◽  
Ec Cells ◽  
First Time ◽  
Female Genital

Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is one of the most common malignancies of the female genital tract, although the mechanisms of EC initiation and development remain incompletely understood. In this study, we demonstrated that the noncoding RNA SNHG5 can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of EC cells by suppressing the expression of its putative target miR-25-3p. Overexpression of miR-25-3p significantly promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of EC cells. In addition, we showed that miR-25-3p represses the expression of BTG2 by directly binding to the 3′-UTR of BTG2 mRNA. Furthermore, increased miR-25-3p expression and decreased SNHG5 and BTG2 expression were observed in EC tissues, and the expression of SNHG5 was negatively correlated to that of miR-25-3p but positively correlated to that of BTG2. In summary, for the first time, we report that the SNHG5/miR-25-3p/BTG2 axis plays an important role in EC progression and is of great potential clinical significance for EC diagnosis and therapy.

scholarly journals erbB2Overexpression in Uterine Serous Cancer: A Molecular Target for Trastuzumab Therapy

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karim S. ElSahwi ◽  
Alessandro D. Santin
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Uterine Cancer ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
The United States ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Erbb2 Overexpression

Endometrial cancer is the most common female genital tract malignancy in the United States. Type I endometrial cancer is usually diagnosed at an early stage, and has a good prognosis. Type II is very aggressive, and is responsible for most uterine cancer relapses and deaths. Uterine serous adenocarcinomas (USC) constitute the majority of Type II variants. They have a higher propensity for lymph node and distant metastases. They are frequently aneuploid and associated with p53 mutations. erbB2 overexpression in USC has been described. The incidence, which is higher in African Americans, ranges from 18–80%. erbB2 overexpression was found to be associated with higher stage, chemoresistance, and worse survival. Trastuzumab a humanized mAb was approved by the FDA for treatment of breast cancers that overexpress erbB2 in combination with standard chemotherapy. Evidence of trastuzumab activity in USC has been reported in vitro, as well as in case reports of advanced and recurrent cases. Promising results were obtained in these heavily pretreated patients either with trastuzumab alone or in combination with chemotherapy. This supports the hypothesis that trastuzumab may very well be an attractive and viable treatment option for advanced stage USC tumors that overexpress the erbB2, and is worthy of further study.

scholarly journals Tumorigenic Effects of Tamoxifen on the Female Genital Tract

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. CPath.S487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaei Nasu ◽  
Noriyuki Takai ◽  
Masakazu Nishida ◽  
Hisashi Narahara
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Tamoxifen Treatment ◽  
Endocrine Treatment ◽  
Gynecological Examination ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Female Genital

Tamoxifen is widely used for endocrine treatment and breast cancer prevention. It acts as both an estrogen antagonist in breast tissue and an estrogen agonist in the female lower genital tract. Tamoxifen causes severe gynecologic side effects, such as endometrial cancer. This review focuses on the effects of prolonged tamoxifen treatment on the human female genital tract and considers its tumorigenicity in the gynecologic organs through clinical data analysis. Tamoxifen is associated with an increased incidence of benign endometrial lesions such as polyps and hyperplasia and a two- to four-fold increased risk of endometrial cancer in postmenopausal patients. Moreover, the incidence of functional ovarian cysts is significantly high in premenopausal tamoxifen users. To prevent tamoxifen from having severe side effects in gynecologic organs, frequent gynecological examination should be performed for both premenopausal and postmenopausal patients with breast cancer who are treated with this drug.

scholarly journals O-141 Mapping of SARS-CoV-2-associated receptors and proteases mRNA in human endometrium during natural and stimulated cycles

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Haouzi ◽  
F Entezami ◽  
S Brouillet ◽  
F Barry ◽  
A Gala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Expression Profile ◽  
Expression Profile ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Secretory Phase ◽  
Affymetrix Microarray ◽  
Female Genital

Abstract Study question Covid-19 pandemic has significantly affected the assisted reproductive technology (ART) practice. Understanding whether SARS-CoV-2 could infect endometrial tissues during ART is crucial for risk mitigation Summary answer Analyses of gene expression profiles of SARS-CoV-2 host entry candidates from microarray data suggest that endometrium should be considered as potential target for SARS-CoV-2 infection. What is known already Very few studies analyzed the gene expression profiles of SARS-CoV-2-associated receptors and proteases, mainly focusing on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression, resulting incomplete knowledge in different specimens from female genital tract. However, no studies have analyzed the potential impact of controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) protocols during ART procedure on the endometrial gene expression profiles of SARS-CoV-2-associated receptors and proteases Study design, size, duration To address this question, we retrospectively examined the gene expression profile of SARS-CoV-2-associated receptors and proteases in endometrial biopsies of a cohort of ART candidates using Affymetrix microarray data Participants/materials, setting, methods Human endometrial tissue under natural (n = 62) and COS cycles (n = 42) were analyzed. A focus was particularly made on the renin-angiotensin system relates genes with a prominent role in the virus infection, and gene expression levels of receptors and proteases closely related to SARS-CoV-2 infectionwas also studied. Main results and the role of chance Using our large cohort of endometrial samples, we reported a high prevalence of genes related to the ACE2 pathway, including AGT, AGTR1, ANPEP, CTSA, ENPEP, LNPEP, MME, NLN, THOP1, BSG and CTSL during both phases(early- and mid-secretory phase), and mainly during the mid-secretory phase for ACE2. The highest signal intensities were found for CTSA, LNPEP, MME, NLN, BSG and CTSL. The most representative of dual coexpression of SARS-CoV-2-associated receptor and protease in endometrium was BSG-CSTL and BSG-CTSA. It s also important to note high variation of SARS-CoV-2 receptors inter-patients under natural cycle.Globally, the impact of COS on endometrial gene expression profile of SARS-CoV-2-associated receptors and proteases of non Covid-19 patients is low, suggesting no additional potential risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection during stimulated ART procedure compared with natural cycles. Limitations, reasons for caution Analyses of Affymetrix microarray gene expression data were performed in non-COVID-19 patients. Whether the SARS-CoV-2 infection changes the endometrial gene expression profile of SARS-CoV-2-associated receptors and proteases is under investigation Wider implications of the findings Specimens from female genital tract may be considered as potential targets for SARS-CoV-2. Trial registration number not applicable

scholarly journals Synchronous Endometrial and Ovarian Carcinoma: A Case Series

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 732-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios-Marios Makris ◽  
Georgia Manousopoulou ◽  
Marco-Johannes Battista ◽  
Ioannis Salloum ◽  
Georgios Chrelias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Case Series ◽  
The Third ◽  
Stage Ia ◽  
Rare Instance ◽  
Female Genital

Synchronous ovarian and endometrial cancer (SEOC) is a rare instance but it accounts for 50–70% of all synchronous female genital tract tumors. We report three cases of women who were diagnosed with SEOC and underwent surgical staging. All cases were of the endometrioid subtype, grade 1, both in the ovarian and endometrial component. Two of them were stage Ia/Ia, and the third was stage Ib/Ib. More than 2 years after the diagnosis, all patients were alive and recurrence-free. The present report critically discusses the main characteristics, risk factors, and management of patients with SEOCs.

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