scholarly journals Controversies in the Management of Endometrial Carcinoma: An Update

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed K. Mehasseb ◽  
John A. Latimer
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Endometrial Carcinoma ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Changing Roles ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Female Genital

Endometrial carcinoma is the commonest type of female genital tract malignancy in the developed countries. Endometrial carcinoma is usually confined to the uterus at the time of diagnosis and as such usually carries an excellent prognosis with high curability. Our understanding and management of endometrial cancer have continuously developed. Current controversies focus on screening and early detection, the extent of nodal surgery, and the changing roles of radiation therapy and chemotherapy and will be discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals High Expression of Ecto-Nucleotidases CD39 and CD73 in Human Endometrial Tumors

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabet Aliagas ◽  
August Vidal ◽  
Laura Texidó ◽  
Jordi Ponce ◽  
Enric Condom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Extracellular Adenosine ◽  
Serous Tumors ◽  
Female Genital

One of the strategies used by tumors to evade immunosurveillance is the accumulation of extracellular adenosine, which has immunosupressive and tumor promoting effects. The study of the mechanisms leading to adenosine formation at the tumor interstitium are therefore of great interest in oncology. The dominant pathway generating extracellular adenosine in tumors is the dephosphorylation of ATP by ecto-nucleotidases. Two of these enzymes acting sequentially, CD39 and CD73, efficiently hydrolyze extracellular ATP to adenosine. They have been found to play a crucial role in a variety of tumors, but there were no data concerning endometrial cancer, the most frequent of the invasive tumors of the female genital tract. The aim of the present work is to study the expression of CD39 and CD73 in human endometrial cancer. We have analyzed protein and gene expression, as well as enzyme activity, in type I endometrioid adenocarcinomas and type II serous adenocarcinomas and their nonpathological endometrial counterparts. High levels of both enzymes were found in tumor samples, with significantly increased expression of CD39 in type II serous tumors, which also coincided with the higher tumor grade. Our results reinforce the involvement of the adenosinergic system in cancer, emphasizing the relevance of ecto-nucleotidases as emerging therapeutic targets in oncology.

scholarly journals Xanthogranulomatous Endometritis: A Challenging Imitator of Endometrial Carcinoma

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Işın Doğan-Ekici ◽  
Alp Usubütün ◽  
Türkan Küçükali ◽  
Ali Ayhan
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Carcinoma ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leucocytes ◽  
Xanthogranulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Female Genital

Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is a distinguished histopathological entity affecting several organs, predominantly the kidney and gallbladder. So far, only a small number of cases of xanthogranulomatous inflammation occurring in female genital tract have been described, most frequently affecting the endometrium and histologically characterized by replacement of endometrium by xanthogranulomatous inflammation composed of abundant foamy histiocytes, siderophages, giant cells, fibrosis, calcification and accompanying polymorphonuclear leucocytes, plasma cells and lymphocytes of polyclonal origin. We present a case of a 69-year-old female complained of post menopausal bleeding and weight loss. Clinical preliminary diagnoses were endometrial carcinoma or hyperplasia and ultrasound was supposed to be endometrial malignancy, hyperplasia or pyometra by radiologist. Histopathological examination of uterus revealed xanthogranulomatous endometritis. Since xanthogranulomatous endometritis may mimic endometrial malignancy clinically and pathologically as a result of the replacement of the endometrium and occasionally invasion of the myometrium by friable yellowish tissue composed of histiocytes, knowledge of this unusual inflammatory disease is needed for both clinicians and pathologists.

Further experience with radiation therapy and concomitant intravenous chemotherapy in advanced carcinoma of the lower female genital tract

1991 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
William S. Roberts ◽  
Mitchel S. Hoffman ◽  
John J. Kavanagh ◽  
James V. Fiorica ◽  
Harvey Greenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Intravenous Chemotherapy ◽  
Advanced Carcinoma ◽  
Female Genital

scholarly journals Malignant Tumors of the Female Genital Tract – a Hospital Based Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
R Joshi ◽  
G Baral ◽  
K Malla
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Corpus Uteri ◽  
Female Genital

Aims: The incidence of cancer and the cancer related deaths are increasing worldwide. There is limited data regarding  gynecological cancers in Nepal. This study is conducted to analyze the trends of female genital tract malignancies in Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital (PMWH) and compare it with the national/international data.Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted in Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Pathology in PMWH.  All female diagnosed with the genital tract malignancies from July 2013 to July 2015 were included in the study.Results: Among 62 cases, cervical cancer was the commonest (71%) followed by ovarian cancer (14%), endometrial cancer (8%) and choriocarcinoma (3%). Majority of women belonged to 50-59 years for each type of tumors. Four-fifth of endometrial, half of the cervical and one-third of ovarian cancers were among grand-multipara. Sixty nine percent of women received treatment with 22 (9 cervical, 9 ovarian, 3 endometrial and one of corpus uteri)  surgical and 21 primary chemo/radiotherapy but 19 (31%) were lost for follow-up. Squamous type of cervical cancer was the commonest (93%).Conclusions: Cervical cancer was the commonest genital tract malignancy followed by ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer and choriocarcinoma. For each type of tumors, 50-59 years was the common age group and grand multiparity was seen in half of the women with the cervical cancer. Squamous type of cervical cancer was the commonest variety.  

EXPERIENCE WITH RADIATION THERAPY AND CONCOMITANT INTRAVENOUS CHEMOTHERAPY IN ADVANCED CARCINOMA OF THE LOWER FEMALE GENITAL TRACT

1990 ◽  
Vol 83 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 12S
Author(s):  
William S. Roberts ◽  
Mitchel S. Hoffman ◽  
John J. Kavanagh ◽  
James V. Fiorica ◽  
Harvey Greenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Intravenous Chemotherapy ◽  
Advanced Carcinoma ◽  
Female Genital

scholarly journals lncRNA SNHG5 Modulates Endometrial Cancer Progression via the miR-25-3p/BTG2 Axis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Li ◽  
Yanan Shan ◽  
Xiaoya Li ◽  
Cong Zhang ◽  
Sisi Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Putative Target ◽  
Ec Cells ◽  
First Time ◽  
Female Genital

Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is one of the most common malignancies of the female genital tract, although the mechanisms of EC initiation and development remain incompletely understood. In this study, we demonstrated that the noncoding RNA SNHG5 can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of EC cells by suppressing the expression of its putative target miR-25-3p. Overexpression of miR-25-3p significantly promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of EC cells. In addition, we showed that miR-25-3p represses the expression of BTG2 by directly binding to the 3′-UTR of BTG2 mRNA. Furthermore, increased miR-25-3p expression and decreased SNHG5 and BTG2 expression were observed in EC tissues, and the expression of SNHG5 was negatively correlated to that of miR-25-3p but positively correlated to that of BTG2. In summary, for the first time, we report that the SNHG5/miR-25-3p/BTG2 axis plays an important role in EC progression and is of great potential clinical significance for EC diagnosis and therapy.

scholarly journals Fertility-Sparing Treatment of Patients with Endometrial Cancer: A Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 4784
Author(s):  
Umberto Leone Roberti Maggiore ◽  
Rola Khamisy-Farah ◽  
Nicola Luigi Bragazzi ◽  
Giorgio Bogani ◽  
Fabio Martinelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
High Quality Evidence ◽  
Fertility Sparing ◽  
Rich Countries ◽  
Common Malignancy ◽  
Female Genital

Endometrial cancer (EC) is currently the most common malignancy of the female genital tract in developed countries. Although it is more common in postmenopausal women, it may affect up to 25% in the premenopausal age and 3–5% under the age of 40 years. Furthermore, in the last decades a significant shift to pregnancy at older maternal ages, particularly in resource-rich countries, has been observed. Therefore, in this scenario fertility-sparing alternatives should be discussed with patients affected by EC. This study summarizes available literature on fertility-sparing management of patients affected by EC, focusing on the oncologic and reproductive outcomes. A systematic computerized search of the literature was performed in two electronic databases (PubMed and MEDLINE) in order to identify relevant articles to be included for the purpose of this systematic review. On the basis of available evidence, fertility-sparing alternatives are oral progestins alone or in combination with other drugs, levonorgestrel intrauterine system and hysteroscopic resection in association with progestin therapies. These strategies seem feasible and safe for young patients with G1 endometrioid EC limited to the endometrium. However, there is a lack of high-quality evidence on the efficacy and safety of fertility-sparing treatments and future well-designed studies are required.

scholarly journals To find the prevalence of female genital tract malignancies in a tertiary care hospital

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilpreet K. Pandher
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Carcinoma Cervix ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
One Year ◽  
Female Genital

Genital tract and breast are two most common sites of malignancy in females. Out of the genital tract malignancies, carcinoma cervix is so far found to be the commonest followed by ovary and endometrium. In developed countries, carcinoma cervix incidence is comparatively quite low due to good regular screening of females. One year review of patients was done, who underwent definitive/debulking surgery for a diagnosed malignant pathology of the genital tract, in obstetrics and gynaecology department of Govt medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh. Total 62 patients were operated, most common indication was carcinoma ovary, followed by endometrial cancer, cancer cervix and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. 166 patients underwent biopsies for suspicious symptoms or the abnormal findings on examination and the patients with final malignancy report were either operated as described above and the inoperable cases were referred to oncotherapy department for further management.

scholarly journals Tumorigenic Effects of Tamoxifen on the Female Genital Tract

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. CPath.S487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaei Nasu ◽  
Noriyuki Takai ◽  
Masakazu Nishida ◽  
Hisashi Narahara
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Tamoxifen Treatment ◽  
Endocrine Treatment ◽  
Gynecological Examination ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Female Genital

Tamoxifen is widely used for endocrine treatment and breast cancer prevention. It acts as both an estrogen antagonist in breast tissue and an estrogen agonist in the female lower genital tract. Tamoxifen causes severe gynecologic side effects, such as endometrial cancer. This review focuses on the effects of prolonged tamoxifen treatment on the human female genital tract and considers its tumorigenicity in the gynecologic organs through clinical data analysis. Tamoxifen is associated with an increased incidence of benign endometrial lesions such as polyps and hyperplasia and a two- to four-fold increased risk of endometrial cancer in postmenopausal patients. Moreover, the incidence of functional ovarian cysts is significantly high in premenopausal tamoxifen users. To prevent tamoxifen from having severe side effects in gynecologic organs, frequent gynecological examination should be performed for both premenopausal and postmenopausal patients with breast cancer who are treated with this drug.

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