scholarly journals Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus Complicating Epstein-Barr Virus Encephalitis in a Child

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Greco ◽  
Maria Donatella Cocuzza ◽  
Pierluigi Smilari ◽  
Giovanni Sorge ◽  
Lorenzo Pavone
Keyword(s):  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Central Nervous System Infection ◽  
Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Continuous Eeg ◽  
Continuous Eeg Monitoring ◽  
Epstein Barr

Children with acute encephalopathy show prolonged electrographic seizure activity consistent with nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE). Pediatric NCSE is a heterogeneous clinical entity with poor outcome and different etiologies, including central nervous system infection, stroke, toxic-metabolic syndrome, and epileptic syndrome. We report a 4-year-old girl with seizure and behavioral changes in whom the analysis of cerebrospinal fluid by polymerase chain reaction was positive for Epstein-Barr virus. We emphasize the importance of electroencephalography (EEG), and particularly, of continuous EEG monitoring for early recognition and appropriate treatment of this condition.

scholarly journals Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Encephalopathy Presenting with Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus in an Immunosuppressive State

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichiro Ohya ◽  
Kuniyuki Nakamura ◽  
Yoshinobu Wakisaka ◽  
Hiroaki Sato ◽  
Kayo Wakisaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Temporal Region ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients ◽  
Epstein Barr

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is occasionally accompanied by central nervous system (CNS) complications, particularly in immunosuppressed patients. However, the symptoms and clinical features of EBV infection in the CNS are rather heterogeneous and remain unknown. We herein describe the first reported adult case manifesting nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE), possibly associated with reactivation of EBV in an immunosuppressive state. A 63-year-old man with a history of acute myeloid leukemia and taking immunosuppressants was admitted due to progressively impaired consciousness without any focal neurological signs, including paralysis or convulsions. Arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI) and brain perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography showed hyperperfusion in the right temporal region, despite no morphological abnormalities in other MRI sequences. White blood cell counts, EBV viral load, and virus-capsid antigen IgG in cerebrospinal fluid were elevated. We diagnosed him with EBV-associated encephalopathy presenting with NCSE. Administration of levetiracetam, an antiepileptic, improved the consciousness and the abnormal hyperperfusion. This case suggests a new concept of EBV-associated encephalopathy leading to epilepsy, particularly in immunosuppressed patients.

Epstein-Barr virus-induced natural killer/T cell lymphoma arising in tonsil and cervical node tissue

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. e235100
Author(s):  
Adora Tricia Santos ◽  
Jiankun Tong ◽  
Amir Steinberg ◽  
Larry Shemen
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
T Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Unique Type ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Nk T Cell ◽  
Epstein Barr

Infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been linked to approximately 10%–15% of lymphomas diagnosed in the USA, including a small percentage of Natural Killer (NK)/T cell lymphomas, which are clinically aggressive, respond poorly to chemotherapy and have a shorter survival. Here, we present a case of a patient found to have EBV-induced NK/T cell lymphoma from a chronic EBV infection. While the EBV most commonly infects B cells, it can infect NK/T cells, and it is important for the clinician to be aware of the potential transformation to lymphoma as it is clinically aggressive, warranting early recognition and treatment. NK/T cell lymphoma is a unique type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that is almost always associated with EBV. The disease predominantly localises in the upper aerodigestive tract, most commonly in the nose.

Akinetic mutism and status epilepticus due to Epstein Barr virus encephalitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 105492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Rodrigo-Armenteros ◽  
Solange Kapetanovic-García ◽  
Lander Antón-Méndez ◽  
Juan José Gómez-Muga ◽  
Edurne Bedia-Del Río ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Akinetic Mutism ◽  
Virus Encephalitis ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr

scholarly journals An unusual story of electrical storm on the graft.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
etienne charbonneau ◽  
Bernard Lelong ◽  
celine chabanne ◽  
vincent galand ◽  
Erwan Flecher
Keyword(s):  
Heart Transplant ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Electrical Storm ◽  
Cardiac Lymphoma ◽  
Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
Primary Cardiac Lymphoma ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Epstein Barr

Background: Cancers, and specifically lymphomas, are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality after heart transplant. We encountered this complication on a 54-year-old male patient, which brought to our attention the lack of a specific and appropriate treatment for a primary cardiac lymphoma on the graft. Objective: This case report highlights the challenging management of primitive heart transplant lymphoma and its treatment. Method: electronic medical record literature reviewed through Pubmed interface of Medline. Result: We report the case of an Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) induced primary cardiac lymphoma on the graft. The lymphoma spread quickly in spite of the numerous treatments we tried and resulted in rhythmic complication. Endocavitary implantable cardioverter defibrillator was implanted but quickly removed due to local complications. The patient died from a sudden death at home shortly after. Conclusions: Primary cardiac lymphoma on the graft is highly rare with poor prognosis and rhythmic complications. Further studies are needed to assess the benefits of other treatment approaches, such as radiofrequency ablation techniques.

Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disease Presenting as Sudden Respiratory Arrest in a Three-Year-Old Child

1997 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Hague ◽  
Peter Catalano ◽  
James Strauchen ◽  
Michael Rothschild ◽  
Billie Fyfe
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Respiratory Arrest ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disease ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Waldeyer’S Ring ◽  
Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disease ◽  
Epstein Barr

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) is an occasional complication of pediatric organ transplantation that, heretofore, has not been associated with airway obstruction. We report the first documented case of PTLD associated with complete airway obstruction resulting in sudden respiratory arrest and death in a 3-year-old child. This is contrasted to a subsequent case of PTLD wherein heightened clinical suspicion and prompt tonsillectomy resulted in a definitive diagnosis and improved outcome. The early clinical hallmarks of PTLD are a mononucleosis-like syndrome, tonsillar enlargement, and positive Epstein-Barr virus seroconversion. The potential for a fatal outcome of PTLD involving Waldeyer's ring components warrants early recognition and aggressive treatment.

Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank W Drislane ◽  
Susan T Herman ◽  
Peter W Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus ◽  
Eeg Monitoring ◽  
Continuous Eeg ◽  
Absence Status ◽  
Continuous Eeg Monitoring ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Partial Status

The clinical presentation and encephalographic (EEG) findings of nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) can be complicated, making diagnosis difficult. There are generalized (e.g., absence status) and focal (e.g., aphasic status, complex partial status) forms. Some patients are responsive but have cognitive or other neurologic deficits; others are less responsive or even comatose. Increasingly, the diagnosis of NCSE is considered in intensive care unit patients. Here, without clinical signs of seizures such as convulsions, EEG is critical in diagnosis, but there is uncertainty about which EEG patterns represent seizures and which clinical situations and EEG patterns warrant aggressive treatment. Antiseizure medications are tailored to the NCSE type and the clinical condition. Treatment is often easier for NCSE, and the outcome better, than for convulsive SE, but this is not always true for critically ill patients with NCSE in the ICU, for whom continuous EEG monitoring is often crucial for diagnosis and management.

Continuous EEG monitoring and midazolam infusion for refractory nonconvulsive status epilepticus

Neurology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1036-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Claassen ◽  
L. J. Hirsch ◽  
R. G. Emerson ◽  
J. E. Bates ◽  
T. B. Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus ◽  
Eeg Monitoring ◽  
Midazolam Infusion ◽  
Continuous Eeg ◽  
Continuous Eeg Monitoring

Triphasic waves on electroencephalogram in patients with encephalopathy and their diagnosis significance. A review

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
E. A. Baranova ◽  
M. V. Sinkin
Keyword(s):  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Subcortical White Matter ◽  
Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Metabolic Encephalopathy ◽  
Continuous Eeg ◽  
Continuous Eeg Monitoring ◽  
Low Amplitude ◽  
Eeg Pattern

Triphasic waves are high-amplitude (>70 µV) positive sharp transients preceded and followed by relatively low-amplitude negative waves. The distribution is generalized and tends to have a repetition rate of approximately 1 to 2 Hz. This EEG-pattern is traditionally associated with hepatic encephalopathy, although they have been observed in a wide array of neurological disorders including subcortical white-matter disease, infections, metabolic disturbances and nonconvulsive status epilepticus.American Clinical Neurophysiology Society suggested Standardized Critical Care EEG Terminology (2012). One of the goals was to eliminate terms with clinical connotations, such as ‘triphasic waves’, a term that implies a metabolic encephalopathy with no relationship to seizures for many clinicians. The term ‘triphasic waves’ was replaced by ‘Generalized periodic discharges (GPDs) with triphasic morphology’. The clinical significance ofthese waveforms and their relationship with seizures and prognosis has been debated, and differentiation between interictal patterns, patternsassociated with seizures, and the patterns representing nonconvulsive status epilepticus have been concluded to be a challenge. In cases of uncertainty, the decision to treat should follow on a thorough evaluation with a continuous EEG monitoring and using a short-acting benzodiazepine or non-sedating antiepileptic drugs in order to discern the effects of the pattern on the patient’s clinical exam and EEG.

scholarly journals Acute Kidney Injury Complicated Epstein-Barr Virus Infection in Infancy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamze Ozgurhan ◽  
Mustafa Ozcetin ◽  
Aysel Vehapoglu ◽  
Zeynep Karakaya ◽  
Fatih Aygun
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus Infection ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Serological Examination ◽  
Epstein Barr

Infectious mononucleosis is an acute lymphoproliferative disorder caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and seen most commonly in children and young adults. Clinical presentation of the disease is characterized by fever, tonsillopharyngitis, lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly, whereas serological findings of this benign disorder include positive heterophilic antibody formation (transient increase in heterophilic antibodies) and prominence of hematological lymphocytosis of more than 10% of atypical lymphocytes. An EBV infection is usually asymptomatic in childhood, but acute kidney injury can be a rare complication during its course. Most cases recover from the disease completely. Early recognition of EBV infection and estimation of its complication are important for its prognosis. In light of previous literature, we discuss the case evaluated as an EBV infection complicated by acute kidney injury in early childhood and results of tubulointerstitial nephritis shown on a renal biopsy that was later diagnosed as an EBV infection by serological examination.

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