scholarly journals Impact of Weight Regain on Metabolic Disease Risk: A Review of Human Trials

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia M. Kroeger ◽  
Kristin K. Hoddy ◽  
Krista A. Varady
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Metabolic Disease Risk ◽  
Complete Reversal ◽  
Risk Parameters ◽  
The Impact

Dietary restriction interventions are effective for weight loss and reduction of chronic disease risk. Unfortunately, most people tend to regain much of this lost weight within one year after intervention. While some studies suggest that minor degrees of weight regain have no effect on metabolic disease risk parameters, other studies demonstrate a complete reversal in metabolic benefits. In light of these conflicting findings, it is of interest to determine how complete weight maintenance versus mild weight regain affects key risk parameters. These findings would have important clinical implications, as they could help identify a weight regain threshold that could preserve the metabolic benefits of weight loss. Accordingly, this review examined the impact of no weight regain versus mild regain on various metabolic disease risk parameters, including plasma lipids, blood pressure, glucose, and insulin concentrations, in adult subjects.

scholarly journals Weight Loss Efficacy of 4-Hour Versus 6-Hour Time Restricted Feeding in Adults with Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 584-584
Author(s):  
Sofia Cienfuegos ◽  
Kelsey Gabel ◽  
Faiza Kalam ◽  
Mark Ezpeleta ◽  
Vasiliki Pavlou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Metabolic Disease Risk ◽  
Ad Libitum

Abstract Objectives This study was undertaken to compare the effects of 4-h TRF to that of 6-h TRF on body weight, body composition, and metabolic disease risk factors in adults with obesity. We hypothesized that 4-h TRF would produce the greatest decreases in body weight, fat mass, blood pressure, and insulin resistance, compared to 6-h TRF. Methods Adults with obesity (n = 49) were randomized to 1 of 3 interventions for 8 weeks: 4-h TRF (ad libitum eating between 3:00 to 7:00 pm, water fasting between 7:00 to 3:00 pm); 6-h TRF (ad libitum eating between 1:00 to 7:00 pm, water fasting between 7:00 to 1:00 pm); or control (ad libitum food intake with no timing restrictions). Results Body weight decreased similarly in the 4-h TRF group (–3.3 ± 0.5%) and 6-h TRF group (–2.6 ± 0.5%) relative to controls over 8 weeks (P < 0.001). Fat mass, blood pressure and insulin sensitivity also decreased in the 4-h TRF and 6-h TRF groups versus controls. LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose, and HbA1c were not significantly different from controls after 8 weeks. Conclusions This is the first trial to examine the effects of 4-h vs. 6-h TRF on body weight and metabolic disease risk factors. We show here that 8 weeks of 4-h and 6-h TRF decreases body weight by ∼3–4% relative to controls. We also demonstrate that this fasting regimen produces significant reductions in blood pressure, fat mass, insulin and insulin resistance. These preliminary data offer promise for the use of 4-h and 6-h TRF as a weight loss techniques in adults with obesity, but larger, longer-term trials are needed to confirm these findings. Funding Sources Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago

The impact of genetic polymorphisms on weight regain after successful weight loss

2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (8) ◽  
pp. 809-823
Author(s):  
Chanisa Thonusin ◽  
Krekwit Shinlapawittayatorn ◽  
Siriporn C. Chattipakorn ◽  
Nipon Chattipakorn
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Risk Estimation ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Successful Weight Loss ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObesity is associated with an increased risk of various diseases and mortality. Although nearly 50 % of adults have been reported trying to lose weight, the prevalence of obesity has increased. One factor that hinders weight loss-induced decrease in obesity prevalence is weight regain. Although behavioural, psychological and physiological factors associated with weight regain have been reviewed, the information regarding the relationship between weight regain and genetics has not been previously summarised. In this paper, we comprehensively review the association between genetic polymorphisms and weight regain in adults and children with obesity after weight loss. Based on this information, identification of genetic polymorphism in patients who undergo weight loss intervention might be used to estimate their risks of weight regain. Additionally, the genetic-based risk estimation may be used as a guide for physicians and dietitians to provide each of their patients with the most appropriate strategies for weight loss and weight maintenance.

scholarly journals Glycaemic index and metabolic disease risk

2006 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise M. Aston
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
The Public ◽  
Metabolic Disease Risk ◽  
The Impact

There is growing evidence that the type of carbohydrate consumed is important in relation to metabolic disease risk, and there is currently particular interest in the role of low-glycaemic-index (GI) foods. Observational studies have associated low-GI diets with decreased risk of type 2 diabetes and CHD, and improvements in various metabolic risk factors have been seen in some intervention studies. However, findings have been mixed and inconsistent. There are a number of plausible mechanisms for the effects of these foods on disease risk, which arise from the differing metabolic responses to low- and high-GI foods, with low-GI foods resulting in reductions in hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia and late postprandial circulating NEFA levels. Low-GI foods may also increase satiety and delay the return of hunger compared with high-GI foods, which could translate into reduced energy intake at later time points. However, the impact of a low-GI diet on body weight is controversial, with many studies confounded by dietary manipulations that differ in aspects other than GI. There is currently much interest in GI from scientists, health professionals and the public, but more research is needed before clear conclusions can be drawn about relationships with metabolic disease risk.

Red Wine High-Molecular-Weight Polyphenolic Complex: An Emerging Modulator of Human Metabolic Disease Risk and Gut Microbiota

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (37) ◽  
pp. 10907-10919
Author(s):  
Hao Suo ◽  
Mohammad Rezaul Islam Shishir ◽  
Jianbo Xiao ◽  
Mingfu Wang ◽  
Feng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Metabolic Disease Risk
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