scholarly journals Gene Expression Profiling of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) and Crisp Grass Carp

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ermeng Yu ◽  
Jun Xie ◽  
Guangjun Wang ◽  
Deguang Yu ◽  
Wangbao Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Grass Carp ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Calcium Metabolism ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathways ◽  
Ctenopharyngodon Idellus ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Number Of Genes

Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) is one of the most important freshwater fish that is native to China, and crisp grass carp is a kind of high value-added fishes which have higher muscle firmness. To investigate biological functions and possible signal transduction pathways that address muscle firmness increase of crisp grass carp, microarray analysis of 14,900 transcripts was performed. Compared with grass carp, 127 genes were upregulated and 114 genes were downregulated in crisp grass carp. Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed 30 GOs of differentially expressed genes in crisp grass carp. And strong correlation with muscle firmness increase of crisp grass carp was found for these genes from differentiation of muscle fibers and deposition of ECM, and also glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway and calcium metabolism may contribute to muscle firmness increase. In addition, a number of genes with unknown functions may be related to muscle firmness, and these genes are still further explored. Overall, these results had been demonstrated to play important roles in clarifying the molecular mechanism of muscle firmness increase in crisp grass carp.

scholarly journals Iodide- and Glucose-Handling Gene Expression Regulated by Sorafenib or Cabozantinib in Papillary Thyroid Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 1771-1779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maomei Ruan ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Qianggang Dong ◽  
Libo Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathways ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Cycle Arrest

Abstract Context: The aberrant silencing of iodide-handling genes accompanied by up-regulation of glucose metabolism presents a major challenge for radioiodine treatment of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of tyrosine kinase inhibitors on iodide-handling and glucose-handling gene expression in BHP 2-7 cells harboring RET/PTC1 rearrangement. Main Outcome Measures: In this in vitro study, the effects of sorafenib or cabozantinib on cell growth, cycles, and apoptosis were investigated by cell proliferation assay, cell cycle analysis, and Annexin V-FITC apoptosis assay, respectively. The effect of both agents on signal transduction pathways was evaluated using the Western blot. Quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence, and radioisotope uptake assays were used to assess iodide-handling and glucose-handling gene expression. Results: Both compounds inhibited cell proliferation in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner and caused cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase. Sorafenib blocked RET, AKT, and ERK1/2 phosphorylation, whereas cabozantinib blocked RET and AKT phosphorylation. The restoration of iodide-handling gene expression and inhibition of glucose transporter 1 and 3 expression could be induced by either drug. The robust expression of sodium/iodide symporter induced by either agent was confirmed, and 125I uptake was correspondingly enhanced. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose accumulation was significantly decreased after treatment by either sorafenib or cabozantinib. Conclusions: Sorafenib and cabozantinib had marked effects on cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, and signal transduction pathways in PTC cells harboring RET/PTC1 rearrangement. Both agents could be potentially used to enhance the expression of iodide-handling genes and inhibit the expression of glucose transporter genes.

scholarly journals Coordination of RNA Processing Regulation by Signal Transduction Pathways

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1475
Author(s):  
Veronica Ruta ◽  
Vittoria Pagliarini ◽  
Claudio Sette
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Rna Processing ◽  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Rna Binding Proteins ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathways ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Common Signal

Signal transduction pathways transmit the information received from external and internal cues and generate a response that allows the cell to adapt to changes in the surrounding environment. Signaling pathways trigger rapid responses by changing the activity or localization of existing molecules, as well as long-term responses that require the activation of gene expression programs. All steps involved in the regulation of gene expression, from transcription to processing and utilization of new transcripts, are modulated by multiple signal transduction pathways. This review provides a broad overview of the post-translational regulation of factors involved in RNA processing events by signal transduction pathways, with particular focus on the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing, cleavage and polyadenylation. The effects of several post-translational modifications (i.e., sumoylation, ubiquitination, methylation, acetylation and phosphorylation) on the expression, subcellular localization, stability and affinity for RNA and protein partners of many RNA-binding proteins are highlighted. Moreover, examples of how some of the most common signal transduction pathways can modulate biological processes through changes in RNA processing regulation are illustrated. Lastly, we discuss challenges and opportunities of therapeutic approaches that correct RNA processing defects and target signaling molecules.

scholarly journals Distinct Nongenomic Signal Transduction Pathways Controlled by 17β-Estradiol Regulate DNA Synthesis and Cyclin D1 Gene Transcription in HepG2 Cells

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3720-3729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Marino ◽  
Filippo Acconcia ◽  
Francesco Bresciani ◽  
Alessandro Weisz ◽  
Anna Trentalance
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathways ◽  
Cyclin D ◽  
17Β Estradiol

Estrogens induce cell proliferation in target tissues by stimulating progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Activation of cyclin D1 gene expression is a critical feature of this hormonal action. The existence of rapid/nongenomic estradiol-regulated protein kinase C (PKC-α) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signal transduction pathways, their cross talk, and role played in DNA synthesis and cyclin D1 gene transcription have been studied herein in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. 17β-Estradiol was found to rapidly activate PKC-α translocation and ERK-2/mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation in this cell line. These actions were independent of each other, preceding the increase of thymidine incorporation into DNA and cyclin D1expression, and did not involve DNA binding by estrogen receptor. The results obtained with specific inhibitors indicated that PKC-α pathway is necessary to mediate the estradiol-induced G1-S progression of HepG2 cells, but it does not exert any effect(s) on cyclin D1 gene expression. On the contrary, ERK-2 cascade was strongly involved in both G1-S progression and cyclin D1gene transcription. Deletion of its activating protein-1 responsive element motif resulted in attenuation of cyclin D1 promoter responsiveness to estrogen. These results indicate that estrogen-induced cyclin D1 transcription can occur in HepG2 cells independently of the transcriptional activity of estrogen receptor, sustaining the pivotal role played by nongenomic pathways of estrogen action in hormone-induced proliferation.

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