scholarly journals Zone-Based Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muni Venkateswarlu Kumaramangalam ◽  
Kandasamy Adiyapatham ◽  
Chandrasekaran Kandasamy
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Clustering Algorithms ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Unequal Clustering

Extensive research happening across the globe witnessed the importance of Wireless Sensor Network in the present day application world. In the recent past, various routing algorithms have been proposed to elevate WSN network lifetime. Clustering mechanism is highly successful in conserving energy resources for network activities and has become promising field for researches. However, the problem of unbalanced energy consumption is still open because the cluster head activities are tightly coupled with role and location of a particular node in the network. Several unequal clustering algorithms are proposed to solve this wireless sensor network multihop hot spot problem. Current unequal clustering mechanisms consider only intra- and intercluster communication cost. Proper organization of wireless sensor network into clusters enables efficient utilization of limited resources and enhances lifetime of deployed sensor nodes. This paper considers a novel network organization scheme, energy-efficient edge-based network partitioning scheme, to organize sensor nodes into clusters of equal size. Also, it proposes a cluster-based routing algorithm, called zone-based routing protocol (ZBRP), for elevating sensor network lifetime. Experimental results show that ZBRP out-performs interims of network lifetime and energy conservation with its uniform energy consumption among the cluster heads.

scholarly journals System Lifetime and Performance Improvement in Wireless Sensor Networks by having Improved Energy Distributed Unequal Clustering Protocol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok T ◽  
Prabakaran R
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Clustering Algorithms ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Unequal Clustering ◽  
Cluster Heads

Abstract Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is becoming a very important area of research in today’s world and contributes a lot in the field of technology. Reducing energy consumption and improving the network lifetime is the key factor to be considered.Clustering provides an effective way for prolonging the lifetime of a wireless sensor network. Current clustering algorithms usually utilize two techniques, selecting cluster heads with more residual energy and rotating cluster heads periodically, to distribute the energy consumption among nodes in each cluster and extend the network lifetime. Also, it comprises various sensor nodes to detect different parameters. Among those non-replaceable batteries plays a greater part. Hence the system with such networks is essential that the sensor nodes consume as little energy as possible.To address the problem, we propose anovel model namely enhanced energy distributed unequal clustering which is mainly utilized for tackling energy consumption issues in multi-hop remote sensor systems. In the proposed method with an area of base station and energy are given significance as clustering parameters. Because of these parameters, diverse nodes are assigned. Here, another methodology has been proposed to enhance the working of EDUC, by electing cluster heads considering several nodes in the neighborhood. The incorporation of the area data for calculation of the opposition radii gives better adjusting of energy in correlation with the current methodology. The technique utilized is of holding similar bunches for a couple of rounds and is successful in decreasing the clustering overhead. The execution of the proposed convention has been assessed under three distinct scenarios and contrasted and existing conventions through reenactments. The outcomes demonstrate that the proposed plan beats the current conventions regarding system lifetime and performances in all the scenarios in terms of delay, energy consumption, packet loss ratio, and packet received ratio.

scholarly journals A State of Art on Energy Efficient Multipath Routing In Wireless Sensor Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Swedika Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Multipath Routing ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Routing Techniques

Wireless sensor network is the combination of sensor nodes where sensor nodes are distributed all over the network. There are some challenges that come into the wireless sensor network n context to energy efficiency, network lifetime, storage and battery backup. The most important feature of a routing protocol, in order to be efficient for WSNs, is the energy consumption and the extension of the network’s lifetime. In this paper, we have analyzed various routing techniques for WSN that increases the network lifetime and energy consumption.

scholarly journals Analysis of SCERP: A Cluster Based Routing Protocol for Energy Balancing in Wireless Sensor Network

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2 (S)) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
M.A. Pund ◽  
Shital Bahale ◽  
Jaya Ingole
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Balancing ◽  
Head Node

Prolonging lifetime of wireless sensor network is a most significant problem due to energy constraint nature of sensor nodes. It is difficult to recharge nodes during network lifetime, to increase application area of WSN there is a need to design energy efficient clustering protocol for WSN. In this article there is a discussion about problems in Leach protocol and propose an improvement on the Leach routing protocol to reduce energy consumption and to extend network lifetime. Proposed self organized cluster based energy balanced routing protocol (SCERP) selects a cluster head node by considering probability based on ratio of residual energy of the node and the average energy level of nodes in network, and the geometric distance between the candidate node to the BS as key parameters. The outcome of simulation shows that proposed protocol is better than Leach in terms of balancing energy consumption of nodes and extending WSN lifetime.

scholarly journals ENERGY EFFICIENT ROUTING PROTOCOL FOR INCREASING LIFETIME OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-248
Author(s):  
Tanya Pathak ◽  
Vinay Kumar Singh ◽  
Anurag Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing

In the recent years, an efficient design of a Wireless Sensor Network has become important in the area of research. The major challenges in the design of Wireless Sensor Network is to improve the network lifetime. The main difficulty for sensor node is to survive in that monitoring area for the longer time that means there is a need to increase the lifetime of the sensor nodes by optimizing the energy and distance. There are various existing routing protocols in which optimal routing can be achieved like Data-Centric, Hierarchical and Location-based routing protocols. In this paper, new power efficient routing protocol is being proposed that not only select the shortest path between the source node and sink node for data transmission but also maximizes the lifetime of the participating nodes by selecting the best path for sending the data packet across the network. The main objective of this research is to develop a faster algorithm to find the energy efficient route for Wireless Sensor Network. Simulation results shows that this strategy achieves long network lifetime when compared to the other standard protocols.

scholarly journals An Enhanced Energy Optimization Routing Protocol with Fuzzy Logic in Wireless Sensor Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1200-1206
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Packet Transmission ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Intermediate Node

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a huge collection of sensor nodes deployed without any predetermined infrastructure. They are powered by batteries and energy consumption is one of the major issues in WSN. Hence to prolong the lifetime of the networks, it is important to design the energy efficient optimized routing algorithm. In this paper, two hop forwarding scheme in AODV and Fuzzy Logic is proposed to find an optimal routing protocol and intermediate node acknowledgement is deducted by the use of Fuzzy rules. The parameters such as remaining energy, data packet transmission, packet received acknowledgement and number of rounds is given as input to the fuzzy system which gives an optimized routing decision. The efficacy of the proposed algorithm is evaluated using NS2 and compared with Fuzzy-based Energy-Aware Routing Mechanism (FEARM). The simulation results shows that the Fuzzy based AODV routing algorithm reduces the energy consumption, minimizes the routing response packets and improves the network life time compared to other similar routing protocols.

scholarly journals An enhancement of path selection to cluster head based on multi-hop routing in two-tier wireless sensor network

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 5360
Author(s):  
Wan Isni Sofiah Wan Din ◽  
Asyran Zarizi Bin Abdullah ◽  
Razulaimi Razali ◽  
Ahmad Firdaus ◽  
Salwana Mohamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Path Selection ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor

<span lang="EN-US">Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a distributed wireless connection that consists many wireless sensor devices. It is used to get information from the surrounding activities or the environment and send the details to the user for future work. Due to its advantages, WSN has been widely used to help people to collect, monitor and analyse data. However, the biggest limitation of WSN is about the network lifetime. Usually WSN has a small energy capacity for operation, and after the energy was used up below the threshold value, it will then be declared as a dead node. When this happens, the sensor node cannot receive and send the data until the energy is renewed. To reduce WSN energy consumption, the process of selecting a path to the destination is very important. Currently, the data transmission from sensor nodes to the cluster head uses a single hop which consumes more energy; thus, in this paper the enhancement of previous algorithm, which is MAP, the data transmission will use several paths to reach the cluster head. The best path uses a small amount of energy and will take a short time for packet delivery. The element of Shortest Path First (SPF) Algorithm that is used in a routing protocol will be implemented. It will determine the path based on a cost, in which the decision will be made depending on the lowest cost between several connected paths. By using the MATLAB simulation tool, the performance of SPF algorithm and conventional method will be evaluated. The expected result of SPF implementation will increase the energy consumption in order to prolong the network lifetime for WSN.</span>

scholarly journals Proposition and Real-Time Implementation of an Energy-Aware Routing Protocol for a Software Defined Wireless Sensor Network

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman Younus ◽  
Saif ul Islam ◽  
Sung Won Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Energy Aware

A wireless sensor network (WSN) has achieved significant importance in tracking different physical or environmental conditions using wireless sensor nodes. Such types of networks are used in various applications including smart cities, smart building, military target tracking and surveillance, natural disaster relief, and smart homes. However, the limited power capacity of sensor nodes is considered a major issue that hampers the performance of a WSN. A plethora of research has been conducted to reduce the energy consumption of sensor nodes in traditional WSN, however the limited functional capability of such networks is the main constraint in designing sophisticated and dynamic solutions. Given this, software defined networking (SDN) has revolutionized traditional networks by providing a programmable and flexible framework. Therefore, SDN concepts can be utilized in designing energy-efficient WSN solutions. In this paper, we exploit SDN capabilities to conserve energy consumption in a traditional WSN. To achieve this, an energy-aware multihop routing protocol (named EASDN) is proposed for software defined wireless sensor network (SDWSN). The proposed protocol is evaluated in a real environment. For this purpose, a test bed is developed using Raspberry Pi. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm exhibits promising results in terms of network lifetime, average energy consumption, the packet delivery ratio, and average delay in comparison to an existing energy efficient routing protocol for SDWSN and a traditional source routing algorithm.

scholarly journals Energy efficient chaotic whale optimization technique for data gathering in wireless sensor network

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 4176
Author(s):  
Sridhar R. ◽  
N. Guruprasad
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Packet Loss ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Data Packet ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor

A Wireless Sensor Network includes the distributed sensor nodes using limited energy, to monitor the physical environments and forward to the sink node. Energy is the major resource in WSN for increasing the network lifetime. Several works have been done in this field but the energy efficient data gathering is still not improved. In order to amend the data gathering with minimal energy consumption, an efficient technique called chaotic whale metaheuristic energy optimized data gathering (CWMEODG) is introduced. The mathematical model called Chaotic tent map is applied to the parameters used in the CWMEODG technique for finding the global optimum solution and fast convergence rate. Simulation of the proposed CWMEODG technique is performed with different parameters such as energy consumption, data packet delivery ratio, data packet loss ratio and delay with deference to dedicated quantity of sensor nodes and number of packets. The consequences discussion shows that the CWMEODG technique progresses the data gathering and network lifetime with minimum delay as well as packet loss than the state-of-the-art methods.

scholarly journals Performance metric analysis of modified LEACH routing protocol in wireless sensor network

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1.5) ◽  
pp. 196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghul Priyadarshi ◽  
Hitesh Tripathi ◽  
Abhyuday Bhardwaj ◽  
Ankush Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Performance Metric ◽  
Leach Protocol ◽  
Network Process

The lifetime of a network is reflected as one of the vital concerns in wireless sensor network because of a huge number of nodes and further its density and distribution. When the network size increases then routing protocol becomes one of the crucial issues that which routing protocol one should use so that network lifetime to be enhanced. Furthermore, sensor nodes must be alive to promise that network process must continue without any interruption or any loss of data in the network. In fact, there are a lot of clustering method is there to augment the network lifetime. But in this paper, presented routing protocol that is based on existing LEACH protocol called as K-mean clustering routing (KLEACH). Simulation results show that efficiency of the network has been improved and network lifetime has been also enhanced compared to existing LEACH protocol. Network lifetime of KLEACH protocol is almost increased by 40% and energy consumption is also decrease by almost 38% which reflects the good agreement of KLEACH algorithm compared to existing algorithm.

An Energy-Efficient Hybrid Clustering Mechanism for Wireless Sensor Network

2015 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 109-125
Author(s):  
K. Muni Venkateswarlu ◽  
A. Kandasamy ◽  
K. Chandrasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Unequal Clustering ◽  
Hop Count ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Hot Spot Problem

Valuable energy resources of sensor network should be utilized wisely to prolong network's lifetime. Clustering technique helps wireless sensor network (WSN) to enhance its lifetime by reducing energy consumption on every individual sensor node in the network. In multi-hop data forwarding model, difference in energy consumption among cluster heads (HS) causes hot-spot problem in the network. While data is being transferred, the CH close to base station are burdened with heavy relay traffic from several data routes and tend to die early. Unequal clustering avoids this hot-spot problem by establishing different sized clusters at various levels in the network. Since unequal clustering technique does not control number of CHs it creates, it forms huge number of clusters in the network. This increases hop count between source and destination, and leads to impose more over head on each data forwarding route in the network. Also, rapid variation in cluster size causes imbalance in energy dissipation among clustered nodes in the network. This uneven energy consumption influences network performance and lifetime. In this paper, we present an energy-efficient hybrid clustering mechanism for wireless sensor network using equal and unequal clustering techniques to create limited number of clusters in varied sizes at various level of the network. This avoids hot-spot problem with minimum hop count between the source and destination and achieves uniform energy dissipation between intra- and inter-cluster communication. Simulation results show that the proposed clustering mechanism balances the energy consumption among clusters with its hybrid cluster formation mechanism and elevates sensor network lifetime.

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