scholarly journals Accuracy of Self-Reported Physical Activity Levels in Obese Adolescents

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Elliott ◽  
Kimberley A. Baxter ◽  
Peter S. W. Davies ◽  
Helen Truby
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Doubly Labelled Water ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

Introduction.Self-reported measures of habitual physical activity rely completely on the respondent’s ability to provide accurate information on their own physical activity behaviours. Our aim was to investigate if obese adolescents could accurately report their physical activity levels (PAL) using self-reported diaries.Methods.Total energy expenditure (TEE) was measured using doubly labelled water (DLW) and resting energy expenditure (REE) was measured via indirect calorimetry. Activity energy expenditure (AEE) and PAL values were derived from measured TEE and REE. Self-reported, four-day activity diaries were used to calculate daily MET values and averaged to give an estimated PAL value (ePAL).Results.Twenty-two obese adolescents, mean age13.2±1.8years, mean BMI31.3±4.6 kg/m2, completed the study. No significant differences between mean measured and estimated PAL values were observed (1.37±0.13versus1.40±0.34,P=0.74). Bland Altman analysis illustrated a significant relationship (r=-0.76,P<0.05) between the two methods; thus the bias was not consistent across a range of physical activity levels, with the more inactive overreporting their physical activity.Conclusion.At an individual level, obese adolescents are unlikely to be able to provide an accurate estimation of their own activity.

Caloric Intake and Energy Expenditures in India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shari Eli ◽  
Nicholas Li
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

Abstract Total energy expenditures for the Indian population between 1983 and 2012 are estimated to shed light on the debate concerning falling measured caloric intake during the period (A. Deaton and J. Drèze. 2009. “Food and Nutrition in India: Facts and Interpretations.” Economic and Political Weekly 44(7): 42–65). Anthropometric, time-use, and detailed employment surveys are used to estimate the separate components of total energy expenditure related to metabolism and physical activity levels. Despite a significant drop in adult physical activity levels, total energy expenditures are flat overall between 1983 and 2012. Rising metabolic requirements due to increases in weight dampened the effect of falling activity levels on total energy expenditure. In addition, the 10 percent decline in the population share of children in the period raised average total energy expenditures considerably as children have much lower metabolic requirements and activity levels than adults.

scholarly journals Water loss as a function of energy intake, physical activity and season

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaas R. Westerterp ◽  
Guy Plasqui ◽  
Annelies H. C. Goris
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
Water Turnover ◽  
Doubly Labelled Water

Although water is an important nutrient, there are no recommended intake values. Here, water intake, energy intake, physical activity and water loss was measured over 1 week in summer and in winter. Subjects were healthy volunteers, forty-two women and ten men, mean age of 29 (sd 7) years and mean BMI 21·8 (sd 2·2) kg/m2. Water intake was measured with a 7 d food and water record. Physical activity level (PAL) was observed as the ratio of total energy expenditure, as measured with doubly labelled water, to resting energy expenditure as measured in a respiration chamber. Water loss was measured with the deuterium elimination method. Water loss was highly reproducible and ranged from 0·20 to 0·35 l/MJ, independent of season and activity level, with higher values in women. Water loss was related to water and energy intake in summer (r 0·96, P<0·0001 and r 0·68, P<0·001, respectively) as well as in winter (r 0·98, P<0·0001 and r 0·63, P<0·01, respectively). Water loss was, for men, higher in subjects with a higher physical activity in summer (r 0·94, P<0·0001) and in winter (r 0·70, P<0·05). Normalizing water loss for differences in energy expenditure by expressing water loss in litres per MJ resulted in the same value for men in summer and winter. For women, physical activity-adjusted values of water loss were higher, especially in summer. In men, water turnover was determined by energy intake and physical activity, while seasonal effects appeared through energy expenditure. Women showed a higher water turnover that was unrelated to physical activity.

scholarly journals Energy balance and obesity: a UK perspective on the gluttonyv.sloth debate

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Joe Millward
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Food Energy ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
The Uk

Obesity in the UK was assumed to have developed against a population decline in physical activity, with health messages focused on diet and exercise prevention strategies. Doubly-labelled water (DLW) studies of energy expenditure have indicated the alternative scenario that the increased obesity prevalence reflects excessive food energy intake with physical activity levels unchanged. This analysis is questionable, deriving in part from a weakness of the DLW methodology in identifying changing physical activity levels within populations of increasing body weight. This has resulted in an underestimation of the reduction in physical activity in the overweight and obese, as revealed by direct studies of such behaviour. Furthermore, a close examination of food energy supply, household food purchases and individual food energy consumption since 1955, in relation to likely estimates of current intakes indicated by simple modelling of predicted energy expenditure, identifies: (a) food energy supply as markedly overestimating energy intakes; (b) individual food energy consumption as markedly underestimating energy intakes; and (c) household food purchase data as the closest match to predicted current food energy intakes. Energy intakes indicated by this latter method have fallen by between 20 to 30 %, suggesting comparable falls in physical activity. Although unequivocal evidence for a matching UK trend in falling physical activity is limited, as is evidence that obesity follows reductions in physical activity, such a link has been recently suggested in a large prospective study in adolescents. Thus, for the UK, obesity has developed within a ‘move less–eat somewhat less but still too much’ scenario. A focus on both diet and exercise should remain the appropriate public health policy.

Validation of Static and Dynamic Activity Detection Using a Tri-Axial Accelerometer and Video

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipul Lugade ◽  
Emma Fortune ◽  
Melissa Morrow ◽  
Kenton Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Activity Monitoring ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Activity Detection ◽  
Dynamic Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Metabolic Energy Expenditure

Recording body accelerations has been investigated previously to monitor health, metabolic energy expenditure, postural sway and falls [1]. Activity monitoring and the subsequent analysis of the accelerometry data have also proven useful in detecting physical activity levels among Parkinson’s [2] and osteoarthritis patients [3].

Physical Activity for Weight Loss in Children: Is There Any Compensatory Mechanism?

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Thivel ◽  
Pascale Duché
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Compensatory Responses ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
And Control

Although physical activity is primarily considered for its effects on energy expenditure for prevention and treatment of both overweight and obesity, its role in the regulation and control of energy balance seems more complex. Not only does physical activity affect energy expenditure, it also leads to modifications in energy intake and appetite that have been identified in children and that should be considered for weight loss. It also appears that it may not systematically favor increased energy expenditure due to individual differences in compensatory responses. This brief paper summarizes the pediatric evidence regarding those potential compensatory responses to physical activity and suggests that these compensatory responses of increasing physical activity levels may depend on children’s adiposity status.

scholarly journals Associations between motor coordination and BMI in normal weight and overweight/obese adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Das Virgens Chagas ◽  
Luiz Alberto Batista
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Partial Correlations

Introduction: While evidence suggests that the levels of motor coordination and body mass index (BMI) are positively correlated, little is known about the influence of levels of physical activity on associations between these variables among adolescents. Objective: To analyse the relationships between levels of motor coordination and BMI in normal weight and overweight/obese adolescents, controlling for physical activity levels. Methods: Fifty-six students (50% overweight/obese adolescents), aged 12–14 years old, participated in this study. The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children and the Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder were used in order to assess the levels of physical activity and motor coordination, respectively. Bivariate and partial correlations were used to analyse the interrelationships among motor coordination, BMI and physical activity. The analysis of covariance test was used in order to compare the levels of motor coordination between normal weight and overweight adolescents, considering the physical activity level as a covariate. Results: Weak to moderate negative correlations (p < 0.05) were found between motor coordination and BMI in the sample as a whole, normal weight and overweight/obese groups. However, when controlled for physical activity levels. no significant correlation was observed in the normal weight group. Further, overweight/obese adolescents showed lower levels of motor coordination than their normal weight peers Conclusion: Physical activity levels infl uence the association between levels of motor coordination and BMI in normal weight adolescents, but not in their overweight/obese peers.

scholarly journals Higher energy expenditure but lower physical activity levels with increasing obesity

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James P DeLany ◽  
John M Jakicic ◽  
David E Kelley ◽  
Kazanna C Hames ◽  
Bret H Goodpaster
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Lower Physical Activity

The Actiheart in Adolescents: A Doubly Labelled Water Validation

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nerissa Campbell ◽  
Harry Prapavessis ◽  
Casey Gray ◽  
Erin McGowan ◽  
Elaine Rush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Physical Activity Energy Expenditure ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Doubly Labelled Water ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Activity Energy

Background/Objective: This study investigated the validity of the Actiheart device for estimating free-living physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) in adolescents. Subjects/Methods: Total energy expenditure (TEE) was measured in eighteen Canadian adolescents, aged 15–18 years, by DLW. Physical activity energy expenditure was calculated as 0.9 X TEE minus resting energy expenditure, assuming 10% for the thermic effect of feeding. Participants wore the chest mounted Actiheart device which records simultaneously minute-by-minute acceleration (ACC) and heart rate (HR). Using both children and adult branched equation modeling, derived from laboratory-based activity, PAEE was estimated from the ACC and HR data. Linear regression analyses examined the association between PAEE derived from the Actiheart and DLW method where DLW PAEE served as the dependent variable. Measurement of agreement between the two methods was analyzed using the Bland-Altman procedure. Results: A nonsignificant association was found between the children derived Actiheart and DLW PAEE values (R = .23, R2 = .05, p = .36); whereas a significant association was found between the adult derived Actiheart and DLW PAEE values (R = .53, R2 = .29, p < .05). Both the children and adult equation models lead to overestimations of PAEE by the Actiheart compared with the DLW method, by a mean difference of 31.42 kcal·kg−·d−1 (95% limits of agreement: −45.70 to −17.15 kcal·kg−1·d−1 and 9.80 kcal·kg−1·d−1 (95% limits of agreement: −21.22-1.72 kcal·kg−1·d−1), respectively. Conclusion: There is relatively poor measurement of agreement between the Actiheart and DLW for assessing free-living PAEE in adolescents. Future work should develop group based branched equation models specifically for adolescents to improve the utility of the device in this population.

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