scholarly journals Oxidative Stress in Placenta: Health and Diseases

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Wu ◽  
Fu-Ju Tian ◽  
Yi Lin
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Reactive Oxidative Species ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Growth Requirements ◽  
Oxidative Species ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

During pregnancy, development of the placenta is interrelated with the oxygen concentration. Embryo development takes place in a low oxygen environment until the beginning of the second trimester when large amounts of oxygen are conveyed to meet the growth requirements. High metabolism and oxidative stress are common in the placenta. Reactive oxidative species sometimes harm placental development, but they are also reported to regulate gene transcription and downstream activities such as trophoblast proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis. Autophagy and apoptosis are two crucial, interconnected processes in the placenta that are often influenced by oxidative stress. The proper interactions between them play an important role in placental homeostasis. However, an imbalance between the protective and destructive mechanisms of autophagy and apoptosis seems to be linked with pregnancy-related disorders such as miscarriage, preeclampsia, and intrauterine growth restriction. Thus, potential therapies to hold oxidative stress in leash, promote placentation, and avoid unwanted apoptosis are discussed.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress, Intrauterine Growth Restriction, and Developmental Programming of Type 2 Diabetes

Physiology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 348-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cetewayo S. Rashid ◽  
Amita Bansal ◽  
Rebecca A. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Mitochondria Dysfunction ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) leads to reduced birth weight and the development of metabolic diseases such as Type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Mitochondria dysfunction and oxidative stress are commonly found in key tissues (pancreatic islets, liver, and skeletal muscle) of IUGR individuals. In this review, we explore the role of oxidative stress in IUGR-associated diabetes etiology.

Campylobacter coliinfection causing second trimester intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR): a case report and review of the literature

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1258-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adi Kuperman-Shani ◽  
Zvi Vaknin ◽  
Sonia Mendlovic ◽  
Ronit Zaidenstein ◽  
Yaakov Melcer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Intrauterine Growth

scholarly journals Prenatal Hypoxia and Placental Oxidative Stress: Insights from Animal Models to Clinical Evidences

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 414
Author(s):  
Serena Silvestro ◽  
Valeria Calcaterra ◽  
Gloria Pelizzo ◽  
Placido Bramanti ◽  
Emanuela Mazzon
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Prenatal Hypoxia ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Fetal Hypoxia ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Hypoxia is a common form of intrauterine stress characterized by exposure to low oxygen concentrations. Gestational hypoxia is associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species. Increase in oxidative stress is responsible for damage to proteins, lipids and DNA with consequent impairment of normal cellular functions. The purpose of this review is to propose a summary of preclinical and clinical evidences designed to outline the correlation between fetal hypoxia and oxidative stress. The results of the studies described show that increases of oxidative stress in the placenta is responsible for changes in fetal development. Specifically, oxidative stress plays a key role in vascular, cardiac and neurological disease and reproductive function dysfunctions. Moreover, the different finding suggests that the prenatal hypoxia-induced oxidative stress is associated with pregnancy complications, responsible for changes in fetal programming. In this way, fetal hypoxia predisposes the offspring to congenital anomalies and chronic diseases in future life. Several antioxidant agents, such as melatonin, erythropoietin, vitamin C, resveratrol and hydrogen, shown potential protective effects in prenatal hypoxia. However, future investigations will be needed to allow the implementation of these antioxidants in clinical practice for the promotion of health in early intrauterine life, in fetuses and children.

scholarly journals Label-Free Proteomics of the Fetal Pancreas Identifies Deficits in the Peroxisome in Rats with Intrauterine Growth Restriction

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Liu ◽  
Yanyan Guo ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Linlin Gao ◽  
Caixia Liu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Western Blotting ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Bioinformatics Analysis ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Fetal Pancreas ◽  
Intrauterine Growth

Aim. The objective of the present study was to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the pancreas of a fetus with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and to investigate the molecular mechanisms leading to adulthood diabetes in IUGR. Methods. The IUGR rat model was induced by maternal protein malnutrition. The fetal pancreas was collected at embryonic day 20 (E20). Protein was extracted, pooled, and subjected to label-free quantitative proteomic analysis. Bioinformatics analysis (GO and IPA) was performed to define the pathways and networks associated with DEPs. LC-MS results were confirmed by western blotting and/or quantitative PCR (q-PCR). The principal parameters of oxidative stress-superoxide dismutase (Sod) were determined in blood samples of fetal rats. Results. A total of 57 DEPs (27 upregulated, 30 downregulated) were identified with a 1.5-fold change threshold and a p value ≤ 0.05 between the IUGR and the control pancreas. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that these proteins play important roles in peroxisome biogenesis and fission, fatty acid beta-oxidation (FAO), mitotic cell cycle, and histone modification. The peroxin Pex14 was downregulated in the IUGR pancreas as confirmed by western blotting and q-PCR. Pmp70, a peroxisomal membrane protein involved in the transport of fatty acids, was upregulated. Hsd17b4 and Acox1/2, which catalyze different steps of peroxisomal FAO, were dysregulated. Sod plasma concentrations in the IUGR fetus were higher than those in the control, suggesting partial compensation for oxidative stress. Multiple DEPs were related to the regulation of the cell cycle, including reduced Cdk1, Mcm2, and Brd4. The histone acetylation regulators Hdac1/2 were downregulated, whereas Sirt1/3 and acetylated H3K56 were increased in the IUGR fetal pancreas. Conclusion. The present study identified DEPs in the fetal pancreas of IUGR rats by proteomic analysis. Downregulation of pancreas peroxins and dysregulation of enzymes involved in peroxisomal FAO may impair the biogenesis and function of the peroxisome and may underlie the development of T2 diabetes mellitus in adult IUGR rats. Disorders of cell cycle regulators may induce cell division arrest and lead to smaller islets. The present data provide new insight into the role of the peroxisome in the development of the pancreas and may be valuable in furthering our understanding of the pathogenesis of IUGR-induced diabetes.

Antioxidant properties of formula derived Maillard reaction products in colons of intrauterine growth restricted pigs

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2582-2590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghada Elmhiri ◽  
Dounia Hamoudi ◽  
Samir Dou ◽  
Narges Bahi-Jaber ◽  
Julie Reygnier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Maillard Reaction ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Maillard Reaction Products ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The present study has been conducted to evaluate the impact of the consumption of high MRP formula on changes in the microbiota and oxidative stress in the colon of IUGR piglets.

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