scholarly journals Comparison of Paeoniflorin and Albiflorin on Human CYP3A4 and CYP2D6

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Na Gao ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Yuan-Lu Cui ◽  
Olunga Mary Akinyi
Keyword(s):  
Treated Group ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Paeonia Lactiflora ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Enzyme Activity Assay ◽  
Plant Medicine ◽  
Human Hepatoma Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Hepatoma Hepg2

Peony (Paeonia lactifloraPall-) is a plant medicine and a functional food ingredient with wide application for more than 2000 years. It can be coadministrated with many other drugs, composed of traditional Chinese medicine compound such as shaoyao-gancao decoction. In order to explore the efficacy and safety of peony, effects of paeoniflorin and albiflorin (the principal components of peony) on cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 and CYP2D6 were analyzed in human hepatoma HepG2 cells and evaluated from the level of recombinant CYP enzymesin vitro. The findings indicated that albiflorin possessed stronger regulation on the mRNA expression of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 than paeoniflorin. For the protein level of CYP3A4, albiflorin showed significant induction or inhibition with the concentration increasing from 10−7 M to 10−5 M, but no remarkable variation was observed in paeoniflorin-treated group. Enzyme activity assay implied that both paeoniflorin and albiflorin could regulate CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 with varying degrees. The results showed that albiflorin should be given more attention because it may play a vital role on the overall efficacy of peony. The whole behavior of both paeoniflorin and albiflorin should be focused on ensuring the rationality and effectiveness of clinical application.

scholarly journals PbLAC4-like, activated by PbMYB26, related to the degradation of anthocyanin during color fading in pear

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangping Zhao ◽  
Fangxin Xiang ◽  
Shichao Zhang ◽  
Junxing Song ◽  
Xieyu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prokaryotic Expression ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Luciferase Assay ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
Enzyme Activity Assay ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Color Fading ◽  
Degradation Ability ◽  
Anthocyanin Degradation

Abstract Background Anthocyanin degradation results in the loss of red color in leaves, petals and receptacles during development. But the degradation mechanism is not fully investigated. It is vital to study the degradation mechanism of anthocyanin in pear for promoting the accumulation of anthocyanin and inhibiting the red fading in pear. Results Here, we reported that laccase encoded by PbLAC4-like was associated with anthocyanin degradation in pear. The expression pattern of PbLAC4-like was negatively correlated with the content of anthocyanin during the color fading process of pear leaves, petals and receptacles. Phylogenetic analysis and sequence alignment revealed that PbLAC4-like played a vital role in anthocyanin degradation. Thus, the degradation of anthocyanin induced by PbLAC4-like was further verified by transient assays and prokaryotic expression. More than 80% of anthocyanin compounds were degraded by transiently over-expressed PbLAC4-like in pear fruitlet peel. The activity of crude enzyme to degrade anthocyanin in leaves at different stages was basically consistent with the expression of PbLAC4-like. The anthocyanin degradation ability of prokaryotic induced PbLAC4-like protein was also verified by enzyme activity assay. Besides, we also identified PbMYB26 as a positive regulator of PbLAC4-like. Yeast one-hybrid and dual luciferase assay results showed that PbMYB26 activated PbLAC4-like expression by directly binding to the PbLAC4-like promoter. Conclusions Taken together, the PbLAC4-like activated by PbMYB26, was involved in the degradation of anthocyanin, resulting in the redness fading in different pear tissues.

Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Crossostephium chinensis (L.) Makino

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (04) ◽  
pp. 797-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tien-Ning Chang ◽  
Guan-Jhong Huang ◽  
Yu-Lin Ho ◽  
Shyh-Shyun Huang ◽  
Heng-Yuan Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Human Hepatoma Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Hepatoma Hepg2 ◽  
Antiproliferative Activities

Crossostephium chinensis (L.) (CC) Makino is a common traditional Chinese medicinal plant used to dehumidify and cure rheumatism and arthralgia. The water and methanol extracts of C. chinensis (CCW and CCM) were evaluated for their antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. The antioxidant activities of CC were evaluated by using ABTS radical scavenging, DPPH radical scavenging, nitric oxide scavenging and superoxide scavenging methods. Iron chelating activity, lipid peroxidation, total polyphenol contents, total flavonoid contents and total flavonol contents were also detected. In all the tested models, both CCW and CCM showed their ability to scavenge the free radicals in a does-dependent manner. CCW had higher antioxidant and antiproliferative activities than CCM. In LC-MS-MS analysis, the chromatograms of CCW with good antioxidant activities were established. Rutin might be an important bioactive compound in CCW. The antiproliferative activities of CCW and CCM were also studied in vitro by using human hepatoma HepG2 cells. CCW exhibited good antiproliferative activity. These results indicated that CCW might be used as a potential source of natural antioxidants and as an anti-tumor agent.

scholarly journals The Alternative Route to Heme in the Methanogenic ArchaeonMethanosarcina barkeri

Archaea ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Kühner ◽  
Kristin Haufschildt ◽  
Alexander Neumann ◽  
Sonja Storbeck ◽  
Judith Streif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Feedback Regulation ◽  
Methanosarcina Barkeri ◽  
Heme Biosynthesis ◽  
Alternative Route ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
Enzyme Activity Assay ◽  
Living Organisms

In living organisms heme is formed from the common precursor uroporphyrinogen III by either one of two substantially different pathways. In contrast to eukaryotes and most bacteria which employ the so-called “classical” heme biosynthesis pathway, the archaea use an alternative route. In this pathway, heme is formed from uroporphyrinogen III via the intermediates precorrin-2, sirohydrochlorin, siroheme, 12,18-didecarboxysiroheme, and iron-coproporphyrin III. In this study the heme biosynthesis proteins AhbAB, AhbC, and AhbD fromMethanosarcina barkeriwere functionally characterized. Using anin vivoenzyme activity assay it was shown that AhbA and AhbB (Mbar_A1459 and Mbar_A1460) together catalyze the conversion of siroheme into 12,18-didecarboxysiroheme. The two proteins form a heterodimeric complex which might be subject to feedback regulation by the pathway end-product heme. Further, AhbC (Mbar_A1793) was shown to catalyze the formation of iron-coproporphyrin IIIin vivo. Finally, recombinant AhbD (Mbar_A1458) was produced inE. coliand purified indicating that this protein most likely contains two [4Fe-4S] clusters. Using anin vitroenzyme activity assay it was demonstrated that AhbD catalyzes the conversion of iron-coproporphyrin III into heme.

In vitro study of ultrasound on multidrug resistance in MDR human hepatoma HepG2 cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Qiujun Qi ◽  
Baojin Zhai ◽  
Yumian Guo ◽  
Zhihong Wang ◽  
Feng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Human Hepatoma ◽  
Human Hepatoma Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Hepatoma Hepg2

Customising the requirement of fibrolytic enzymes to improve feeding value of sorghum stover, ragi straw and groundnut haulms

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Valli ◽  
Yancy Mary Issac ◽  
R. Kavitha
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residues ◽  
The Other ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
Enzyme Activity Assay ◽  
Sugar Release ◽  
The Third ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Single Enzyme

A study was carried out to determine fibre and non starch polysaccharide fractions of sorghum stover, ragi straw and groundnut haulms. Sorghum stover had the significantly highest fibre fractions (NDF, ADF, Cellulose, hemicelluloses and Lignin) and non starch polysaccharide fractions (Total, Soluble and Insoluble) compared to the other two crop residues. Enzyme activity assay of cellulase, hemicellulase, xylanase and pectinase revealed multiple activities in a single enzyme. In vitro trials were carried out to evolve substrate specific customized non - starch polysaccharidase mixture for sorghum stover, ragi straw and groundnut haulm. The first trial was conducted to locate the range of enzymes required for maximum sugar release, followed by another in vitro trial to precisely identify the enzymes needed for respective substrates and the third one was to identify the inclusion level of these enzymes in combination to sorghum stover or ragi straw or groundnut haulm. All these trials were conducted in duplicate in three runs. These experiments established that each gram of sorghum stover and ragi straw requires 1200 U of Cellulase, 120 U of Xylanase and 700 U of Pectinase for maximum hydrolysis and each gram of groundnut haulm requires 1600 U of Cellulase, 100 U of Xylanase and 600 U of Pectinase for maximum hydrolysis.

scholarly journals Glutamate Dehydrogenase Functions in Glutamic Acid Metabolism and Stress Resistance in Pyropia haitanensis

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 6793
Author(s):  
Shuang Li ◽  
Zhanru Shao ◽  
Chang Lu ◽  
Jianting Yao ◽  
Yongdong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Glutamate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Ammonium Assimilation ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Pyropia Haitanensis ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
Enzyme Activity Assay

Pyropia haitanensis is an important laver species in China. Its quality traits are closely related to the content of glutamic acid. Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) is a crucial enzyme in the glutamic acid metabolism. In this study, two GDH genes from P. haitanensis, PhGDH1 and PhGDH2, were cloned and successfully expressed in Escherichia coli. The in vitro enzyme activity assay demonstrated that the catalytic activity of PhGDHs is mainly in the direction of ammonium assimilation. The measured Km values of PhGDH1 for NADH, (NH4)2SO4, and α-oxoglutarate were 0.12, 4.99, and 0.16 mM, respectively, while the corresponding Km values of PhGDH2 were 0.02, 3.98, and 0.104 mM, respectively. Site-directed mutagenesis results showed that Gly193 and Thr361 were important catalytic residues for PhGDH2. Moreover, expression levels of both PhGDHs were significantly increased under abiotic stresses. These results suggest that PhGDHs can convert α-oxoglutarate to glutamic acid, and enhance the flavor and stress resistance of P. haitanensis.

scholarly journals In vitro infection of human hepatoma (HepG2) cells with hepatitis B virus.

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 3025-3032 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Bchini ◽  
F Capel ◽  
C Dauguet ◽  
S Dubanchet ◽  
M A Petit
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Human Hepatoma ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Human Hepatoma Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Hepatoma Hepg2
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