scholarly journals Ultrafine Resveratrol Particles: Supercritical Antisolvent Preparation and Evaluation In Vitro and In Vivo

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Kunlun Wang ◽  
Xiuhua Zhao ◽  
Yuangang Zu ◽  
Jialei Li ◽  
Xiaonan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Supercritical Antisolvent ◽  
Preparation And Evaluation ◽  
The Degree Of Crystallinity

Ultrafine resveratrol (u-Res) particles were prepared through the SAS process. The orthogonal method was used to optimize the factors of the SAS process. The size of u-Res reached 0.68 μm under the optimum conditions. The characterization of the u-Res particles was tested by many analysis methods. The chemical structure of Res was unaffected by the SAS process. The degree of crystallinity of the u-Res particles greatly reduced. The purity of the u-Res particles increased from 98.5% to 99.2% during the SAS process. The u-Res particles had greater saturation solubility and dissolution rate than the raw-Res (r-Res) particles. The radical scavenging activity and bioavailability of the u-Res in vivo were 1.9 times of the r-Res.

scholarly journals Study of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity Properties of Selected Plant Extracts for Food Preservative Applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-111
Author(s):  
Tania Islam ◽  
Md Nazrul Islam ◽  
Wahidu Zzaman ◽  
Md Morsaline Billah
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Food Preservative

An attempt has been made to evaluate antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity properties of extracts from onion (Allium cepa L.), garlic (Allium sativum), leaves of guava (Psidium guajava), papaya (Carica papaya), tea (Camellia sinensis), baen (Avicennia alba) and keora (Sonneratia apetala), respectively to apply as natural preservatives for tomatoes. The air-dried plant materials of the respective plant species were subjected to ethanol-methanol extraction, concentrated and stored at 4 °C before use. The extracts were dissolved in 95% ethanol for analysis of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Of the extracts tested, tea extracts showed the highest zone of inhibition against several pathogenic bacteria (E. coli 35.0±3.2 mm; P. aeruginosa 29.3±2.6 mm; S. typhi 28.4±2.1 mm and S. pyogenes 27.7±3.7 mm) using the disc diffusion method. In regard to DPPH free radical scavenging assay, keora and guava extracts showed the highest percentage of radical scavenging activity with the values of 89.64± 0.18 and 89.39± 0.88, respectively, which were in agreement with higher total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of these extracts obtained by the phosphomolybdenum method. Brine shrimp lethality bioassay for cytotoxicity assessment showed LC50 of 132.54 ± 18.99 µg/mL for the leaf extract of keora which was found to be most toxic among all studied extracts. The initial results indicated that the extracts could be used for food preservative applications based on the antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity properties of the tested extracts. However, efficacy, stability and safety issues need to be addressed with both in vitro and in vivo studies.

scholarly journals Characterization of a New Chitosanase from a Marine Bacillus sp. and the Anti-Oxidant Activity of Its Hydrolysate

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Chunrui Ma ◽  
Xiao Li ◽  
Kun Yang ◽  
Shangyong Li
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Maximal Activity ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Chitosan ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Chitooligosaccharide (COS) has been recognized to exhibit efficient anti-oxidant activity. Enzymatic hydrolysis using chitosanases can retain all the amino and hydroxyl groups of chitosan, which are necessary for its activity. In this study, a new chitosanase encoding gene, csnQ, was cloned from the marine Bacillus sp. Q1098 and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant chitosanase, CsnQ, showed maximal activity at pH 5.31 and 60 °C. Determination of CsnQ pH-stability showed that CsnQ could retain more than 50% of its activity over a wide pH, from 3.60 to 9.80. CsnQ is an endo-type chitosanase, yielding chitodisaccharide as the main product. Additionally, in vitro and in vivo analyses indicated that chitodisaccharide possesses much more effective anti-oxidant activity than glucosamine and low molecular weight chitosan (LMW-CS) (~5 kDa). Notably, to our knowledge, this is the first evidence that chitodisaccharide is the minimal COS fragment required for free radical scavenging.

scholarly journals A Review of Recent Studies on the Antioxidant Activities of a Third-Millennium Food: Amaranthus spp.

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1236
Author(s):  
Seon-Joo Park ◽  
Anshul Sharma ◽  
Hae-Jeung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Bioactive Peptides ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Amaranth Species ◽  
Amaranthus Spp

Amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) plant commonly refers to the sustainable food crop for the 21st century. The crop has witnessed significant attention in recent years due to its high nutritional value and agronomic advantages. It is a relatively well-balanced cosmopolitan food that is a protector against chronic diseases. Usually, the antioxidant activities of amaranth are held responsible for its defensive behavior. Antioxidant activity of plants, generally, is attributed to their phytochemical compounds. The current interest, however, lies in hydrolysates and bioactive peptides because of their numerous biological functions, including antioxidant effect. While the importance of bioactive peptides has been progressively recognized, an integrated review of recent studies on the antioxidant ability of amaranth species, especially their hydrolysates and peptides has not been generated. Hence, in this review, we summarize studies focused on the antioxidant capacity of amaranth renewal over the period 2015–2020. It starts with a background and overall image of the amaranth-related published reviews. The current research focusing on in vitro, in vivo, and chemical assays-based antioxidant activity of different amaranth species are addressed. Finally, the last segment includes the latest studies concerning free radical scavenging activity and metal chelation capacity of amaranth protein hydrolysates and bioactive peptides.

scholarly journals Role of antioxidants in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: Integrative review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e46310112028
Author(s):  
Claudriana Locatelli ◽  
Joyce Kelly Busolin Jardim ◽  
Vilmair Zancanaro
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Rate Dependent

Theorical framework: Hepatocellular carcinoma is a unique cancer that typically arises in the setting of chronic liver disease at a rate dependent upon the complex interplay between the host, disease, and environmental factors. Unfortunately, with contemporary management, patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma have few treatment options, and the prognosis is poor. Objective: Evaluate the role of antioxidants in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methodology: It is an integrative review, with a qualitative approach. Based on research on ScienceDirect and PubMed databases, 12 articles were selected that were consistent with the theme and the inclusion and exclusion criteria, through the association of descriptors and keywords. Results: Studies in vivo demonstrated a positive correlation of antioxidants in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. The antioxidants were able to promote inhibition of development tumor through promotes decrease of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1 and IL-6 and changes the ratios of Bax/Bcl2 that supports apoptosis. In oxidative stress, may be able to direct free radical scavenging activity. Among the main antioxidants with advanced preclinical evidence in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma is curcumin with tests in humans, and gallic acid, quercetin and resveratrol with several tests in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: This study highlights that antioxidants can be a promising therapy in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND IN VIVO HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ZIZIPHUS RUGOSA LAM. LEAVES

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (07) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
S Parashar ◽  
V. Uplanchiwar ◽  
R. K. Gautam ◽  
S. Goyal ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Ic50 Value

Ziziphus rugosa Lam. belongs to the family Rhamnaceae and is found chiefly in deciduous and semi evergreen forest of Western Ghats. The present research was undertaken to establish in vitro antioxidant and in vivo hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extract of Z.rugosa Lam. leaves. The powdered leaves of Z. rugosa were extracted with ethanol and preliminary phytochemical screening was performed for the presence of various phytoconstituents. DPPH assay and β-glucuronidase inhibition assay were selected for the free radical scavenging activity. For the assessment of hepatoprotective activity, alcohol and CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity model were used. The phytochemical analysis of ethanolic extract showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins and flavonoids. The extract exhibited concentration dependent radical scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 61.88 μg/ml and β –glucoronidase inhibition activity with an IC50 value of 70.61 μg/ml. It was speculated that the Z. rugosa Lam. ethanolic extract shows dosedependent hepatoprotective activity which is equivalent with the standard drug Silymarin. The inhibition of free radicals or free radical scavenging activity is significant in the protection against CCl4 and alcohol induced hepatopathy. Hence, it is likely that the antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Z. rugosa Lam. might contribute to the hepatoprotective action.

scholarly journals Citrus limon from Tunisia: Phytochemical and Physicochemical Properties and Biological Activities

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Makni ◽  
Raoua Jemai ◽  
Walid Kriaa ◽  
Yassine Chtourou ◽  
Hamadi Fetoui
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Strand Breakage ◽  
Antibacterial And Antioxidant Activity

Natural plant extracts contain a variety of phenolic compounds which are assigned various biological activities. Our work aims to make a quantitative and qualitative characterization of the Zest (ZL) and the Flesh (FL) of lemon (Citrus limon), to valorize the pharmacological uses of lemon, by evaluating in vitro activities (DPPH, free radical scavenging and reducing power). The antibacterial, antifungal, and antiproliferative activities were sought in the ability of Citrus limon extracts to protect DNA and protein. We found that the ZL contains high amounts of phenolics responsible for the important antioxidant properties of the extract. However, the FL is richer in flavonoids than the ZL. The FL extract was also found to be more effective than the ZL in protecting plasmid DNA against the strand breakage induced by hydroxyl radicals. We also concluded that the FL extract exhibited potent antibacterial activity unlike ZL. Analysis by LC/MS-MS identified 6 compounds (Caffeoyl N-Tryptophan, Hydroxycinnamoyl-Oglucoside acid, Vicenin 2, Eriocitrin, Kaempferol-3-O- rutinoside, and Quercetin-3-rutinoside). These preliminary results showed that Citrus limon has antibacterial and antioxidant activity in vitro. It would be interesting to conduct further studies to evaluate the in vivo potential in an animal model.

scholarly journals Comparative study of in vitro, ex vitro and in vivo grown plants of Arnica montana – polyphenols and free radical scavenging activity

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Nikolova ◽  
Mariya Petrova ◽  
Ely Zayova
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Methyl Ether ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Polyphenolic Content

Abstract Arnica montana L. is an endangered species rich in sesquiterpene lactones, phenolic acids and flavonoids with high pharmaceutical value. The polyphenolic content and free radical scavenging activity of plants that had passed all stages of cultivation: micropropagation and rooting (in vitro), adaptation in greenhouse (ex vitro) and mountain conditions (in vivo) were evaluated. Four surface flavonoid aglycones [scutellarein 6-methyl ether (hispidulin), scutellarein 6,4’-dimethyl ether (pectolinarigenin), 6-OH luteolin 6-methyl ether and kempferol-6-methyl ether] were detected in the acetone exudates of the studied samples bymeans of thin layer chromatography.No differences in the accumulation of surface flavonoids were found among the tested leaf extracts of in vitro, ex vitro and in vivo samples. However, the extracts from the flowers were richer in surface flavonoids than extracts from the leaves. The methanol extracts of the samples from ex vitro and in vivo grown A. montana plants had significantly higher radical scavenging activity and polyphenolic content than the extracts of in vitro samples. The observed differences in the contents of these biologically active compounds were related to different growth conditions and stages of plant development. The biotechnological method of A. montana established holds promise for the future production of antioxidants.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Phytochemical Constituents of Taif Rose and Its Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
El-Sayed S. Abdel-Hameed ◽  
Salih A. Bazaid ◽  
Mahmood S. Salman
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Natural Agents

Ward Taifi (Taif rose) is considered one of the most important economic products of Taif, Saudi Arabia. In this study both fresh and dry Taif rose were biologically and phytochemically investigated. The 80% methanol extracts andn-butanol fractions of dry and fresh Taif rose had high radical scavenging activity toward artificial 1,1-diphenyl picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)•radical with SC50values range 5.86−12.24 µg/ml whereas the aqueous fractions showed weak activity. All samples hadin vitroanticancer activity toward HepG2 with IC50< 20 µg/ml which fall within the criteria of the American Cancer Institute. High positive correlation appeared between the antioxidant activity and total phenolics whereas there is no correlation between total phenolics and anticancer activity. The LC-ESI(− ve)-MS analysis of all extracts indicate the presence of phenolic compounds belonging to hydrolysable tannins and flavonol glycosides. In conclusion, the presence of this is considered to be the first phytochemical report that identifies the major compounds in dry and fresh roses using HPLC-ESI-MS. The methanol extracts and itsn-butanol and aqueous fractions for both fresh and dry Taif rose could be used as preventive and therapeutic effective natural agents for diseases in which free radicals involved after morein vitroandin vivostudies.

scholarly journals Free Radicals Scavenging Capacity, Antidiabetic and Antihypertensive Activities of Flavonoid-Rich Fractions from Leaves ofTrichilia emeticaandOpilia amentaceain an Animal Model of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiessoun Konaté ◽  
Kassi Yomalan ◽  
Oksana Sytar ◽  
Patrice Zerbo ◽  
Marian Brestic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging

Trichilia emeticaandOpilia amentaceatraditional Burkinabe medicinal plants were investigated to determine their therapeutic potential to inhibit key enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism, which has relevance to the management of type 2 diabetes.In vitroandin vivoantioxidant and antihypertensive potential and antilipidemia and antihyperglycemia activities in an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus have been studied. The antioxidant activity of the flavonoids from leaves ofTrichilia emeticaandOpilia amentaceahas been evaluated usingβ-carotene-linoleic acid system, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl inhibitory activity, chelation of iron (II) ions, and lipid peroxidation which showed more pronounced antioxidant capacities ofTrichilia emetica. Total cholesterol concentrations decreased in an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus under effects of flavonoid-rich fractions from leaves ofTrichilia emeticaandOpilia amentaceahas been observed. Extract of flavonoid-rich fractions fromTrichilia emeticashown maximum radical scavenging activity and possessed marked antiamylase activity which may be due to the presence of certain secondary metabolites. Suggested better antihyperglycemia, antilipidemia, and antihypertensive properties of flavonoid-rich fractions fromTrichilia emeticacompared to the extract ofOpilia amentaceaare demonstrating antidiabetic potential ofTrichilia emeticaas therapeutic targets for the management of type 2 diabetes.

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