scholarly journals Air Pollution Monitoring and Control System for Subway Stations Using Environmental Sensors

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyu-Sik Kim ◽  
Youn-Suk Son ◽  
Jai-Hyo Lee ◽  
In-Won Kim ◽  
Jo-Chun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Scattering Method ◽  
Environmental Sensors ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Subway Stations

The metropolitan city of Seoul uses more energy than any other area in South Korea due to its high population density. It also has high emissions of air pollutants. Since an individual usually spends most of his/her working hours indoors, the ambient air quality refers to indoor air quality. In particular, PM10concentration in the underground areas should be monitored to preserve the health of commuters in the subway system. Seoul Metro and Seoul Metropolitan Rapid Transit Corporation measure several air pollutants regularly. In this study, the accuracy of an instrument for PM measurement using the light scattering method was improved with the help of a linear regression analysis technique to continuously measure thePM10concentrations in subway stations. In addition, an air quality monitoring system based on environmental sensors was implemented to display and record the data of PM10, CO2, temperature, and humidity. Through experimental studies, we found that ventilation fans could improve air quality and decrease PM10concentrations in the tunnels effectively by increasing the air flow rate.

scholarly journals A review on Assessment of Air Pollution due to Vehicular Emission in Traffic Area

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneri A. Desai
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Ambient Air Quality ◽  
Vehicular Emission ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Air Pollution Monitoring

In Indian metropolitan cities, the extensive growth of the motor vehicles has resulted in the deterioration of environmental quality and human health. The concentrations of pollutants at major traffic areas are exceeding the permissible limits. Public are facing severe respiratory diseases and other deadly cardio-vascular diseases In India. Immediate needs for vehicular air pollution monitoring and control strategies for urban cities are necessary. Vehicular emission is the main source of deteriorating the ambient air quality of major Indian cities due to rapid urbanization. Total vehicular population is increased to 15 Lacks as per recorded data of Regional Transport Organization (RTO) till 2014-2015. This study is focused on the assessment of major air pollution parameters responsible for the air pollution due to vehicular emission. The major air pollutants responsible for air pollution due to vehicular emissions are PM10, PM2.5, Sox, Nox, HC, CO2 and CO and Other meterological parameters like Ambient temperature, Humidity, Wind direction and Wind Speed. Sampling and analysis of parameters is carried out according to National Ambient Air Quality Standards Guidelines (NAAQS) (2009) and IS 5128.

scholarly journals Assessment of the contribution of TEX air pollutants from Nigeria’s petroleum refineries to the ambient air quality: Part II

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1947007
Author(s):  
Ebenezer Leke Odekanle ◽  
Chinchong Blessing Bakut ◽  
Abiodun Paul Olalekan ◽  
Roseline Oluwaseun Ogundokun ◽  
Charity O. Aremu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Quality ◽  
Petroleum Refineries

scholarly journals Poor Air Quality and Its Association with Mortality in Ho Chi Minh City: Case Study

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 750
Author(s):  
Hoang Ngoc Khue Vu ◽  
Quang Phuc Ha ◽  
Duc Hiep Nguyen ◽  
Thi Thu Thuy Nguyen ◽  
Thoai Tam Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Air Quality Modeling ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Quality Modeling ◽  
Concentration Of Air Pollutants

Along with its rapid urban development, Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) in recent years has suffered a high concentration of air pollutants, especially fine particulate matters or PM2.5. A comprehensive study is required to evaluate the air quality conditions and their health impact in this city. Given the lack of adequate air quality monitoring data over a large area of the size of HCMC, an air quality modeling methodology is adopted to address the requirement. Here, by utilizing a corresponding emission inventory in combination with The Air Pollution Model-Chemical Transport Model (TAPM-CTM), the predicted concentration of air pollutants is first obtained for PM2.5, NOx, and SO2. Then by associating the pollutants exposed with the mortality rate from three causes, namely Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD), cardiopulmonary, and lung cancer, the impact of air pollution on human health is obtained for this purpose. Spatial distribution has shown a high amount of pollutants concentrated in the central city with a high density of combustion vehicles (motorcycles and automobiles). In addition, a significant amount of emissions can be observed from stevedoring and harbor activities, including ferries and cargo handling equipment located along the river. Other sources such as household activities also contribute to an even distribution of emission across the city. The results of air quality modeling showed that the annual average concentrations of NO2 were higher than the standard of Vietnam National Technical Regulation on Ambient Air Quality (QCVN 05: 2013 40 µg/m3) and World Health Organization (WHO) (40 µg/m3). The annual average concentrations of PM2.5 were 23 µg/m3 and were also much higher than the WHO (10 µg/m3) standard by about 2.3 times. In terms of public health impacts, PM2.5 was found to be responsible for about 1136 deaths, while the number of mortalities from exposure to NO2 and SO2 was 172 and 89 deaths, respectively. These figures demand some stringent measures from the authorities to potentially remedy the alarming situation of air pollution in HCM City.

Measurements and Comparative Air Quality Analysis of a Goat Farm Operation

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1723-1733
Author(s):  
Arndreya Howard ◽  
Venkata S. V. Botlaguduru ◽  
Hongbo Du ◽  
Raghava R. Kommalapati ◽  
Ziaul Huque
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Emission Rate ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Goat Farm

Abstract. Air pollutants such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), methane, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are harmful to the respiratory systems of humans and animals. Livestock facilities have been documented as a major source of dangerous air pollutants; however, there is a lack of data on the emissions from goat farms. This study investigated a goat farm in Texas to evaluate the emission levels and determine the correlation of meteorological conditions with these pollutants. Two locations on the goat farm were selected for monitoring: inside a goat barn, and at a manure lagoon. The monitoring campaign was conducted over a 53-day period during winter and summer seasons. Carbon dioxide, ozone, nitrous oxide, ammonia, PM10, PM2.5, hydrogen sulfide, methane, and VOCs were measured to determine hourly average concentrations using chemiluminescent instruments. An analysis of meteorological conditions using multiple regression was conducted to investigate probable correlations between emission rates and characteristic climate data, such as temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, and solar radiation. Particle size distributions of PM10 and PM2.5 were evaluated for the two monitoring locations during the different seasons to determine the typical particle diameter and the impact of season on particle diameter. The highest emission rate of 364.4 ±50 g m-2 d-1 occurred at the manure lagoon for methane, which contributed the most to the overall emissions at this animal operation. The regression results for the manure lagoon had the highest positive correlations for ozone with temperature and solar radiation. The outdoor meteorological conditions had the most significant influence on pollutants at both locations. Therefore, meteorological conditions are instrumental in the intensity of the air pollutants found on animal farms. The particle diameters ranged from 0.1 to 6.0 µm in the goat barn and from 0.3 to 1.0 µm at the manure lagoon. Even though moderate levels of emissions were monitored at this facility, the emissions from the goat farm do not pose a risk to human health and do not significantly impact the ambient air quality when compared to other livestock facilities.HighlightsEmissions from a goat farm were measured inside a goat barn and at a manure lagoon over summer and winter seasons.The highest methane emission rate of 364.4 ±50 g m-2 d-1 occurred at the manure lagoon during summer.Meteorological conditions significantly influenced emissions at both locations, especially for O3 at the manure lagoon.Emissions from goat farm operations are much lower than those from cow, swine, and chicken farm operations. Keywords: Air quality, Ammonia, Emissions, Goat farm, Methane, Multiple regression analysis.

scholarly journals Discrimination in Ambient Air Pollution Monitoring?

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corbett Grainger ◽  
Andrew Schreiber
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Strategic Behavior ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Monitoring Networks ◽  
Ambient Air Quality ◽  
Air Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Ambient Pollution

In the United States, ambient air quality is regulated through National Ambient Air Quality standards (NAAQS). Enforcement of these standards is delegated to state and sub-state regulators who are also tasked with designing their own monitoring networks for ambient pollution. Past work has found evidence consistent with strategic behavior: local regulators strategically avoid pollution hotspots when siting monitors. This paper assesses whether income and race have historically played a role in monitor siting decisions.

Land use regression modelling of ambient air pollutants in Hong Kong

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyuan Li ◽  
Steve Hung Lam Yim ◽  
Kin-Fai Ho
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Air Quality Measurements ◽  
Air Pollutant Concentrations

<p>Land use regression (LUR) models estimate air pollutant concentrations for areas without air quality measurements, which provides valuable information for exposure assessment and epidemiological studies. In the present study, we developed LUR models for ambient air pollutants in Hong Kong, China, a typical high-density and high-rise city. Air quality measurements at sixteen air quality monitoring stations, operated by the Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department, were collected. Moreover, five categories of predictor variables, including population distribution, traffic emissions, land use variables, urban/building morphology, and meteorological parameters, were employed to establish the LUR models of various air pollutants. Then the spatial distribution of air pollutant concentrations at 1 km × 1 km grid cells were plotted. Taking fine particle (PM2.5) as an example, the developed LUR model explained 89% of variability of PM2.5 concentrations, with a leave-one-out-cross-validation R2 of 0.64. LUR modelling results for other air pollutants will be presented. In addition, further improvements on the development of LUR models will be discussed. This study can help to assess long-term exposures to air pollutants for high-density and high-rise urban areas like Hong Kong.</p>

scholarly journals Forming High Ozone Concentration in the Ambient Air of Southern Taiwan under the Effects of Western Pacific Subtropical High

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo-Cheng Lo ◽  
Chung-Hsuang Hung
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Western Pacific Subtropical High ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Subtropical High ◽  
Air Quality Model ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Southern Taiwan

Due to the distinct geographical and meteorological conditions of Taiwan, air pollutants concentrations in the ambient air of it may vary with seasons. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the formation of high O3concentration in the ambient air of Southern Taiwan during summers. A high O3concentration case occurring between June 28 and July 2, 2013, was modeled and analyzed with WRF-Chem meteorological and air quality model. During the investigated period, a typical western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) covered most East Asia, including Taiwan and its surrounding areas. The observations showed strong correlations between WPSH invasion and forming high O3concentrations. The dispersion of air pollutants in the ambient air is not sufficient to dilute their concentrations. In the afternoon of June 30, more than 60% of the air quality monitoring stations found O3concentrations exceeding 100 ppb, which were 2~3 times higher than their normal concentrations. Model simulation results verified that the presence of the WPSH hindered the dilution and transportation of air pollutants in ambient air. In addition, the air quality would be getting worse due to the leeward sides caused by the counter clockwise vertex formed in Southwestern Taiwan.

scholarly journals Ambient air quality and the effects of air pollutants on otolaryngology in Beijing

2015 ◽  
Vol 187 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengying Zhang ◽  
Jin Xu ◽  
Ziying Zhang ◽  
Haiying Meng ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Quality

scholarly journals Comparison of EU framework and daughter directives and current Serbian legislation on air pollution monitoring

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Jovasevic-Stojanovic ◽  
Snezana Matic-Besarabic
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Air Quality Monitoring ◽  
Air Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Eu Legislation ◽  
Target Values ◽  
Air Quality Control ◽  
The Republic

This paper discusses the air quality control in the current legislation of the Republic of Serbia and compares it with the relevant EU legislation, Framework and Daughter Directives of the air quality monitoring and management. QA/QC components, instrumentation and methodologies of the air quality control in RS are not yet structured and harmonized with EU requirements. The limit and target values for air pollutants notified in EU legislation may be partly comparable with relevant requirements in RS legislation.

scholarly journals VISUALISING URBAN AIR QUALITY USING AERMOD, CALPUFF AND CFD MODELS: A CRITICAL REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIV-4/W3-2020 ◽  
pp. 355-363
Author(s):  
N. Ridzuan ◽  
U. Ujang ◽  
S. Azri ◽  
T. L. Choon
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Dispersion Model ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Urban Air Quality ◽  
Urban Air ◽  
Air Quality Modelling ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract. Degradation of air quality level can affect human’s health especially respiratory and circulatory system. This is because the harmful particles will penetrate into human’s body through exposure to surrounding. The existence of air pollution event is one of the causes for air quality to be low in affected urban area. To monitor this event, a proper management of urban air quality is required to solve and reduce the impact on human and environment. One of the ways to manage urban air quality is by modelling ambient air pollutants. So, this paper reviews three modelling tools which are AERMOD, CALPUFF and CFD in order to visualise the air pollutants in urban area. These three tools have its own capability in modelling the air quality. AERMOD is better to be used in short range dispersion model while CALPUFF is for wide range of dispersion model. Somehow, it is different for CFD model as this model can be used in wide range of application such as air ventilation in clothing and not specifically for air quality modelling only. Because of this, AERMOD and CALPUFF model can be classified in air quality modelling tools group whereas CFD modelling tool is classified into different group namely a non-specific modelling tool group which can be implemented in many fields of study. Earlier air quality researches produced results in two-dimensional (2D) visualization. But there are several of disadvantages for this technique. It cannot provide height information and exact location of pollutants in three-dimensional (3D) as perceived in real world. Moreover, it cannot show a good representation of wind movement throughout the study area. To overcome this problem, the 3D visualization needs to be implemented in the urban air quality study. Thus, this paper intended to give a better understanding on modeling tools with the visualization technique used for the result of performed research.

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