scholarly journals Exploitation of Documented Historical Floods for Achieving Better Flood Defense

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slobodan Kolaković ◽  
Julius Fabian ◽  
Sándor Kovács ◽  
Ljubomir Budinski ◽  
Matija Stipić
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
Stream Network ◽  
Detention Ponds ◽  
Extreme Flood ◽  
Tisza River ◽  
Flood Elevation ◽  
The Impact

Establishing Base Flood Elevation for a stream network corresponding to a big catchment is feasible by interdisciplinary approach, involving stochastic hydrology, river hydraulics, and computer aided simulations. A numerical model calibrated by historical floods has been exploited in this study. The short presentation of the catchment of the Tisza River in this paper is followed by the overview of historical floods which hit the region in the documented period of 130 years. Several well documented historical floods provided opportunity for the calibration of the chosen numerical model. Once established, the model could be used for investigation of different extreme flood scenarios and to establish the Base Flood Elevation. The calibration has shown that the coefficient of friction in case of the Tisza River is dependent both on the actual water level and on the preceding flood events. The effect of flood plain maintenance as well as the activation of six potential detention ponds on flood mitigation has been examined. Furthermore, the expected maximum water levels have also been determined for the case if the ever observed biggest 1888 flood hit the region again. The investigated cases of flood superposition highlighted the impact of tributary Maros on flood mitigation along the Tisza River.

scholarly journals Purwarupa Alat Deteksi Ketinggian Banjir Perbantuan SMS Gateway Dan Mikrontroler

INOVA-TIF ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ardi
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Design Flood ◽  
Loss Of Life ◽  
Data Processor ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Arduino Uno ◽  
Flood Elevation ◽  
Opening And Closing ◽  
The Impact

<em>Flood disasters still occur regularly and continuously in Indonesia. Flooding can occur due to the volume of water in the river beyond the river body. Many impacts caused by flooding, not only material losses, flooding can also cause loss of life. The impact of flooding can be reduced if people are better prepared to face the flood. One way is to quickly disseminate information on river water levels to the community. It is necessary to make a solution on how to design an automatic sluice using Arduino UNO R3 and how to monitor the water situation during floods. The working principle of this tool uses an ultrasonic sensor as a water level detector, Arduino as a data processor, servo motor as opening and closing the door bar automatically and the modem as an SMS notification. Because design based detection system is needed In this study there are two formulations of the problem (i) How to design flood altitude detection devices using Arduino uno r3 which can open and close automatically. (ii) How to test the flood altitude detection system using a wavecome modem. The research objective is divided into two parts (i) Creating a series of flood elevation devices using Arduino r3 so that it can open and close automatically (ii) Gets the results of flood elevation system testing with an sms gateway</em>

scholarly journals Flooding in the Mekong Delta: the impact of dyke systems on downstream hydrodynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vo Quoc Thanh ◽  
Dano Roelvink ◽  
Mick van der Wegen ◽  
Johan Reyns ◽  
Herman Kernkamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mekong Delta ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Water Level Fluctuations ◽  
Tidal Propagation ◽  
Extreme Flood ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Building high dykes is a common measure of coping with floods and plays an important role in agricultural management in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. However, the construction of high dykes causes considerable changes in hydrodynamics of the Mekong River. This paper aims to assess the impact of the high-dyke system on water level fluctuations and tidal propagation in the Mekong River branches. We developed a coupled 1-D to 2-D unstructured grid using Delft3D Flexible Mesh software. The model domain covered the Mekong Delta extending to the East (South China Sea) and West (Gulf of Thailand) seas, while the scenarios included the presence of high dykes in the Long Xuyen Quadrangle (LXQ), the Plain of Reeds (PoR) and the Trans-Bassac regions. The model was calibrated for the year 2000 high-flow season. Results show that the inclusion of high dykes changes the percentages of seaward outflow through the different Mekong branches and slightly redistributes flow over the low-flow and high-flow seasons. The LXQ and PoR high dykes result in an increase in the daily mean water levels and a decrease in the tidal amplitudes in their adjacent river branches. Moreover, the different high-dyke systems not only have an influence on the hydrodynamics in their own branch, but also influence other branches due to the Vam Nao connecting channel. These conclusions also hold for the extreme flood scenarios of 1981 and 1991 that had larger peak flows but smaller flood volumes. Peak flood water levels in the Mekong Delta in 1981 and 1991 are comparable to the 2000 flood as peak floods decrease and elongate due to upstream flooding in Cambodia. Future studies will focus on sediment pathways and distribution as well as climate change impact assessment.

Impact of the Swansea Bay Lagoon on Storm Surges in the Bristol Channel

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Ma ◽  
Tulio Marcondes Moreira ◽  
Thomas A. A. Adcock
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Tidal Energy ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
The Past ◽  
Operating Strategies ◽  
Swansea Bay ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The proposed Swansea Bay tidal energy lagoon is an example of a relatively small-scale tidal barrage demonstrator project. A key concern with this technology is that such structures may exacerbate other environmental problems. However, such structures might also create beneficial environmental effects in some areas, such as mitigating the impact of storm surges. In this paper we model the hydrodynamics of the Swansea lagoon and surrounding area using a depth-averaged numerical model. We simulate a number of storm surge events from the past 40 years and analyse how the presence of the Swansea Lagoon (under various operating strategies) modifies the resulting water levels.

scholarly journals Modelling the impact of anthropogenic modifications to river channels on the course of extreme floods. Case study: August 2002 flood, Blanice River basin, Czechia

Geografie ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-252
Author(s):  
Jakub Langhammer ◽  
Jan Sitař
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Local Level ◽  
River Channel ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
River Channels ◽  
Extreme Floods ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Extreme Flood ◽  
Anthropogenic Modifications ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents the results of analysis of the impact of anthropogenic modifications to river channels on the course of floods by means of hydraulic modelling. The study is focused on the quantitative analysis of changes of the flow dynamics in the river bed and in the inundation zone due to river network modifications. The one-dimensional hydraulic model HEC-RAS coupled with GIS is used to simulate the effect of the river channel changes on the course of extreme flood. The analysis is made on the example of the extreme flood in August 2002 on the down course of Blanice River in Czechia. The results of the simulations proved that the common anthropogenic modifications of river channel have only a minimum impact on the overall course of extreme floods. At the local level, weirs and unsuitably dimensioned bridges have a negative impact on the course of floods. The simulations also showed a negative impact of extensive complex modifications of the river bed, performed in the lower course of Blanice River in the first half of the 20th century. However, the overall impact of common types of river channel modifications on peak flows and water levels in the culmination is negligible.

scholarly journals A Model for the Thermal Behaviour of an Offshore Cable Installed in a J-Tube

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Jeremy Arancio ◽  
Ahmed Ould El Moctar ◽  
Minh Nguyen Tuan ◽  
Faradj Tayat ◽  
Jean-Philippe Roques
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Thermal Behaviour ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Sobol Indices ◽  
Lumped Element ◽  
Thermal Phenomena ◽  
The Impact

In the race for energy production, supplier companies are concerned by the thermal rating of offshore cables installed in a J-tube, not covered by IEC 60287 standards, and are now looking for solutions to optimize this type of system. This paper presents a numerical model capable of calculating temperature fields of a power transmission cable installed in a J-tube, based on the lumped element method. This model is validated against the existing literature. A sensitivity analysis performed using Sobol indices is then presented in order to understand the impact of the different parameters involved in the heating of the cable. This analysis provides an understanding of the thermal phenomena in the J-tube and paves the way for potential technical and economic solutions to increase the ampacity of offshore cables installed in a J-tube.

scholarly journals Silencing and Oblivion of Psychological Trauma, Its Unconscious Aspects, and Their Impact on the Inflation of Vajrayāna. An Analysis of Cross-Group Dynamics and Recent Developments in Buddhist Groups Based on Qualitative Data

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders
Keyword(s):  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Student Relationship ◽  
The Impact

The commercialization of Buddhist philosophy has led to decontextualization and indoctrinating issues across groups, as well as abuse and trauma in that context. Methodologically, from an interdisciplinary approach, based on the current situation in international Buddhist groups and citations of victims from the ongoing research, the psychological mechanisms of rationalizing and silencing trauma were analyzed. The results show how supposedly Buddhist terminology and concepts are used to rationalize and justify economic, psychological and physical abuse. This is discussed against the background of psychological mechanisms of silencing trauma and the impact of ignoring the unconscious in that particular context. Inadequate consideration regarding the teacher–student relationship, combined with an unreflective use of Tibetan honorary titles and distorted conceptualizations of methods, such as the constant merging prescribed in so-called 'guru yoga', resulted in giving up self-responsibility and enhanced dependency. These new concepts, commercialized as 'karma purification' and 'pure view', have served to rationalize and conceal abuse, as well as to isolate the victims. Therefore, we are facing societal challenges, in terms of providing health and economic care to the victims and implementing preventive measures. This use of language also impacts on scientific discourse and Vajrayāna itself, and will affect many future generations.

scholarly journals Ectomycorrhiza resilience and recovery to extreme flood events in Tuber aestivum and Quercus robur

Mycorrhiza ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. W. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Tuber Aestivum ◽  
Soil Zone ◽  
Extreme Flood ◽  
The Impact

AbstractVery little is known about the impact of flooding and ground saturation on ectomycorrhizal fungi (EcM) and increasing flood events are expected with predicted climate change. To explore this, seedlings inoculated with the EcM species Tuber aestivum were exposed to a range of flood durations. Oak seedlings inoculated with T. aestivum were submerged for between 7 and 65 days. After a minimum of 114-day recovery, seedling growth measurements were recorded, and root systems were destructively sampled to measure the number of existing mycorrhizae in different zones. Number of mycorrhizae did not display correlation with seedling growth measurements. Seven days of submersion resulted in a significant reduction in mycorrhizae numbers and numbers reduced most drastically in the upper zones. Increases in duration of submersion further impacted mycorrhizae numbers in the lowest soil zone only. T. aestivum mycorrhizae can survive flood durations of at least 65 days. After flooding, mycorrhizae occur in higher numbers in the lowest soil zone, suggesting a mix of resilience and recovery. The results will aid in furthering our understanding of EcM but also may aid in conservation initiatives as well as providing insight for those whose livelihoods revolve around the collection of EcM fruiting bodies or cropping of the plant partners.

Prognosis of water levels in a moor groundwater system influenced by hydrology and water extraction using an artificial neural network 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sascha Flaig ◽  
Timothy Praditia ◽  
Alexander Kissinger ◽  
Ulrich Lang ◽  
Sergey Oladyshkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Typical Structure ◽  
Water Abstraction ◽  
Physical Knowledge ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
The Impact

&lt;p&gt;In order to prevent possible negative impacts of water abstraction in an ecologically sensitive moor south of Munich (Germany), a &amp;#8220;predictive control&amp;#8221; scheme is in place. We design an artificial neural network (ANN) to provide predictions of moor water levels and to separate hydrological from anthropogenic effects. As the moor is a dynamic system, we adopt the &amp;#8222;Long short-term memory&amp;#8220; architecture.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To find the best LSTM setup, we train, test and compare LSTMs with two different structures: (1) the non-recurrent one-to-one structure, where the series of inputs are accumulated and fed into the LSTM; and (2) the recurrent many-to-many structure, where inputs gradually enter the LSTM (including LSTM forecasts from previous forecast time steps). The outputs of our LSTMs then feed into a readout layer that converts the hidden states into water level predictions. We hypothesize that the recurrent structure is the better structure because it better resembles the typical structure of differential equations for dynamic systems, as they would usually be used for hydro(geo)logical systems. We evaluate the comparison with the mean squared error as test metric, and conclude that the recurrent many-to-many LSTM performs better for the analyzed complex situations. It also produces plausible predictions with reasonable accuracy for seven days prediction horizon.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, we analyze the impact of preprocessing meteorological data to evapotranspiration data using typical ETA models. Inserting knowledge into the LSTM in the form of ETA models (rather than implicitly having the LSTM learn the ETA relations) leads to superior prediction results. This finding aligns well with current ideas on physically-inspired machine learning.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;As an additional validation step, we investigate whether our ANN is able to correctly identify both anthropogenic and natural influences and their interaction. To this end, we investigate two comparable pumping events under different meteorological conditions. Results indicate that all individual and combined influences of input parameters on water levels can be represented well. The neural networks recognize correctly that the predominant precipitation and lower evapotranspiration during one pumping event leads to a lower decrease of the hydrograph.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To further demonstrate the capability of the trained neural network, scenarios of pumping events are created and simulated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In conclusion, we show that more robust and accurate predictions of moor water levels can be obtained if available physical knowledge of the modeled system is used to design and train the neural network. The artificial neural network can be a useful instrument to assess the impact of water abstraction by quantifying the anthropogenic influence.&lt;/p&gt;

Fractality of Simulated Fracture

2009 ◽  
Vol 409 ◽  
pp. 154-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Frantík ◽  
Zbyněk Keršner ◽  
Václav Veselý ◽  
Ladislav Řoutil
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Elastic Plate ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Element Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Particle Model ◽  
Discrete Element Model ◽  
Fractal Nature ◽  
Discrete Elements ◽  
The Impact

The paper is focussed on numerical simulations of the fracture of a quasi-brittle specimen due to its impact onto a fixed rigid elastic plate. The failure of the specimen after the impact is modelled in two ways based on the physical discretization of continuum: via physical discrete elements and pseudo-particles. Advantages and drawbacks of both used methods are discussed. The size distribution of the fragments of the broken specimen resulting from physical discrete element model simulation follows a power law, which indicates the ability of the numerical model to identify the fractal nature of the fracture. The pseudo-particle model, on the other side, can successfully predict the kinematics of the fragments of the specimen under impact failure.

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