scholarly journals Response of Boron and Light on Morph-Physiology and Pod Yield of Two Peanut Varieties

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Quamruzzaman ◽  
Md. Jafar Ullah ◽  
Md. Fazlul Karim ◽  
Nazrul Islam ◽  
Md. Jahedur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Light At Night ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Reproductive Unit ◽  
Number Of Branches

Boron is an important micronutrient that enhances vegetative growth and yield of crops, like peanut. Light also plays an important role in pegging of peanut. There has been little information regarding the application of boron and light in peanut in Bangladesh. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to study the response of boron and light on morph-physiology and pod yield of two peanut varieties. Treatments considered two peanut varieties,namely, Dhaka-1 and BARI Chinabadam-8, three levels of boron (B),namely, 0-kg B ha−1(B0), 1-kg B ha−1(B1), and 2-kg B ha−1(B2), and two levels of light,namely, normal day light (≈12 h light) and normal day light + 6 h extended red light at night (≈18 h light). Result revealed that days to first-last emergence and days to first-50% flowering took shorter times and vegetative growth, pods dry weight plant−1, pod yield, and germination were markedly increased with the application of boron. Vegetative growth and germinations were significantly increased in light, but the lowest leaf area, pods dry weight plant−1, and pod yield were found in light. Without germination, the highest vegetative growth, reproductive unit, and pod yield were observed from BARI Chinabadam-8. Days to first-last emergence, days to first-50% flowering, and number of branches plant−1were found linearly related to pod yield.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF DIPPING IN GIBBERLLIC ACID AND SPRAYING NUTRIENT SOLUTION AGRO LEAF ON SOME VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND YIELD OF JERUSALUM ARTICHOKE.

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadik & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Number Of Branches

This study was conducted in experimental fields, Department of Horticulture, University of Bagdad, in Abu-Graib  during season 2011-2012 for jerusalum artichoke. This study was included the effect of dipping tubers in three concentrations of GA3(2.5,5,10g/l) (G1,G2,G3),as well as to control treatment (G0), and spraying nutrient solution Agro leaf A1 (8g/l), as well as to control treatment (A0). This study was made by using Factorial experiment (4*2) within the design RCBD with three replicates. Results could be summarized as follows: G3A0 increased field emergence (12.00 day), G2A0 increased percentage of germination (99.33%) and G2A1 increased number of branches (4.60 stem.plant-1) but the treatment G1A1gave highest rate for number of leaves, leaf area, guide of leaf area, dry weight of the vegetative parts and dry weight of 100gm tubers as(4495.10 leaf.plant-1, 2246.20 dsm2, 99.84, 922.40g, 24.00g.) respectively. The treatments gave significant differences quantity yield, so treatment G3A0 gave highest weight of the tubers as(45.55g.) but the treatment G3A1 gave highest number of the tubers as(68.00 tuber.plant-1 ) and highest yield of plant as (2890g/plant).

Influence of chemical and bio fertilizer on growth and yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) Moench

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Pankaj Sharma ◽  
A. K. Sharma ◽  
J. P. Singh ◽  
Himanshu Kaushik ◽  
Rajbeer . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Branches

A field experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Research Farm Department of Horticulture, J. V. College, Baraut, Bhagpat during the year 2011 with the cultiver “Arka Anamica” was done in Randomized Block Design (R.B.D) with three replication. The experiments consisted of 16 treatments viz. N1 (80:60:60) NPK (Kg.)/ha, N2 (60:40:40) NPK (Kg.)/ha, N3 (40:20:20) NPK (Kg.)/ha, B1 (Azotobacter) 7kg/ha, B2 (Phosphate Soluble Bacteria) 7kg /ha, B3 (Azotobacter + PSB) and B0 (Control). The Maximum results an different attributes viz. Plant Height (67.30 cm.), No. of leaves per plant (63.95), No. of green pod per branch (3.87), and Area of green pod (48.69 cm2), Days to 50 % germination (7.25) and Days to 50 % flowering (20.06) were recorded under the treatment B3, where as Azotobacter 7 kg/ha + Phosphate Soluble Bacteria 7 kg./ha. Compression to the treatment B1, where as Azotobacter 7 kg/ha and better results like, Number of branches per plant (4.58), leaf area (267.57 cm2), Number of green pod per plant (3.87), Fresh weight per green pod (8.11 gm.) and Green pod yield per plot (3382.56gm.) were recorded under the treatment B3 (Azotobacter 7kg/ha + PSB 7kg/ha), followed by N1 (80:60:60) NPK (Kg.)/ha and minimum results were found under the control.

scholarly journals Growth dynamics and yield of melon as influenced by nitrogen fertilizer

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Teresa Castellanos ◽  
María Jesús Cabello ◽  
María del Carmen Cartagena ◽  
Ana María Tarquis ◽  
Augusto Arce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Area Index

Nitrogen (N) is an important nutrient for melon (Cucumis melo L.) production. However there is scanty information about the amount necessary to maintain an appropriate balance between growth and yield. Melon vegetative organs must develop sufficiently to intercept light and accumulate water and nutrients but it is also important to obtain a large reproductive-vegetative dry weight ratio to maximize the fruit yield. We evaluated the influence of different N amounts on the growth, production of dry matter and fruit yield of a melon 'Piel de sapo' type. A three-year field experiment was carried out from May to September. Melons were subjected to an irrigation depth of 100% crop evapotranspiration and to 11 N fertilization rates, ranging 11 to 393 kg ha-1 in the three years. The dry matter production of leaves and stems increased as the N amount increased. The dry matter of the whole plant was affected similarly, while the fruit dry matter decreased as the N amount was increased above 112, 93 and 95 kg ha-1, in 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively. The maximum Leaf Area Index (LAI), 3.1, was obtained at 393 kg ha-1 of N. The lowest N supply reduced the fruit yield by 21%, while the highest increased the vegetative growth, LAI and Leaf Area Duration (LAD), but reduced yield by 24% relative to the N93 treatment. Excessive applications of N increase vegetative growth at the expense of reproductive growth. For this melon type, rates about 90-100 kg ha-1 of N are sufficient for adequate plant growth, development and maximum production. To obtain fruit yield close to the maximum, the leaf N concentration at the end of the crop cycle should be higher than 19.5 g kg-1.

Effect of Sowing Spacing on Vegetative Growth, Dry Matter Production, and Peanut Pod Yield

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Giayetto ◽  
G. A. Cerioni ◽  
W. E. Asnal
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Dry Matter Distribution ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Number Of Branches

Abstract Peanut growth and pod yield are influenced by sowing spacing and plant density. Production and distribution of dry matter on peanut cultivars sown in different spacings and densities and their relationships with pod and kernel yields were assessed. The factors evaluated were two cultivars (Florman INTA, virginia-type “runner” and Colorado Irradiado, valencia-type erect), three interrow spacings (IRS) (0.70, 0.50, and 0.30 m) and two interplant spacings (IS) (0.06 and 0.12 m). The 12 treatments were disposed in a factorial arrangement of 2×3×2 and a randomized block design with three replications. Weeds were controlled with Imazetapir (100 g ai/ha) and also hand weeded while leaf spot control was done with Fluzilasole (60 g ai/ha). Sowing spacings did not affect phenologic stage duration, but the differences observed were due to the cultivar. Vegetative growth was sensitive to spacings effect. At an individual plant level, dry matter and leaf area decreased significantly because of the greater intraspecific competition produced by the shortening of distances between rows (from 0.70 to 0.30 m) and between plants (from 0.12 to 0.06 m) and the corresponding density increase from 12 to 56 plants/m2. However, at a population level, most compact spacings produced more dry matter per surface and leaf area index. This also is related to the lesser time required for plants at these spacings to achieve a radiation interception higher than 90%. Dry matter distribution did not vary with sowing spacings. The number of branches per plant was reduced with the increase of density. The effect was greater in the late maturing cultivar. The most compact sowing spacings (0.30×0.06, 0.50×0.06 and 0.30×0.12 m) produced higher pod and kernel yield/ha than those less dense. This response is based upon the significant correlations between the dry matter and number of branches per surface area, and leaf area index and pod yield.

Influence of leaf scorch on vegetative growth and yield of three strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cultivars with differing levels of resistance

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 679-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Mutisya ◽  
J. A. Sullivan ◽  
J. C. Sutton ◽  
J. Zheng ◽  
S. Couling
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Leaf Scorch

Three strawberry cultivars, Kent, Jewel and Blomidon, were evaluated for their reaction to leaf scorch (Diplocarpon earlianum) disease. The three cultivars are considered to be susceptible, moderately resistant and resistant to leaf scorch, respectively. Plants were grown in the field in a runnerless culture system and inoculated with conidial suspensions at one of five concentrations to generate a range of disease severities. The control plants were not innoculated. Disease severity was monitored during the establishment year and these data were used to calculate area under the disease progress curves (AUDPC) for each cultivar. At dormancy, vegetative growth analysis was performed on a sample of plants from each plot. The remaining plants were overwintered and data were collected on yield and yield components the following season. The difference in AUDPC values between control and highest levels of the disease for Kent, Jewel and Blomidon were 31.6, 26.0 and 25.2 units, respectively. Leaf scorch reduced photosynthetically active leaf area in all three cultivars, which reduced dry matter accumulation. The vegetative characters most affected were leaf area and number, crown number and dry weight and root dry weight. At the highest level of disease attained total yield declined 58, 41 and 31 g plant-1 corresponding with disease severities of 44.5, 36.4 and 32.4 units AUDPC for Kent, Jewel and Blomidon, respectively. This represented a 20–21% yield reduction in each cultivar. Fruit number was the yield component most sensitive to the leaf scorch disease. A strong relationship was established between highest disease severity during late summer and fall (which includes the time of flower bud initiation) and yield the following season. Key words: Diplocarpon earlianum, foliar disease, June-bearing

The influence of seed size and depth of sowing on pre-emergence and early vegetative growth of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.)

1956 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
JN Black
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Relative Rate ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Pot Culture

Changes in the pre-emergence distribution of dry matter in subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) variety Bacchus Marsh were followed at 21°C, using three sizes of seed and three depths of sowing, ½, 1¼, and 2 in. Decreasing seed size and increasing depth of sowing both reduce the weight of the cotyledons a t emergence. Seed of the three sizes were sown a t three depths in pot culture a t staggered intervals so that emergence was simultaneous. Dry weight in the early vegetative stage was proportional to seed size, and total leaf area and leaf numbers showed similar trends. Plants of each seed size grew at the same relative rate. No effect of depth of sowing could be detected, and this was shown to be due to the cotyledon area a t emergence being constant for any given seed size, regardless of varying depth of sowing and hence of cotyledon weight. It was concluded that seed size in a plant having epigeal germination and without endosperm is of importance: firstly, in limiting the maximum hypocotyl elongation and hence depth of sowing, and secondly, in determining cotyledon area. Cotyledon area in turn influences seedling growth, which is not affected by cotyledon weight. Once emergence has taken place, cotyledonary reserves are of no further significance in the growth of the plants.

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on growth and yield of semi-dwarf and tall varieties of winter wheat

1978 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Pearman ◽  
S. M. Thomas ◽  
G. N. Thorne
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Dwarf Variety

SummaryEight amounts of nitrogen ranging from 0 to 210 kg N/ha were applied to two tall and one semi-dwarf variety of winter wheat in the spring of 1975 and 1976. The tall varieties were Cappelle-Desprez and Maris Huntsman; the semi-dwarf variety was Maris Fundin in 1975 and Hobbit in 1976. Interactions between varieties and nitrogen were few and small compared with the main effects. All varieties produced their maximum grain yields with 180 kg N/ha. The yield of the semi-dwarf varieties, but not the others, decreased slightly with more nitrogen.Cappelle-Desprez yielded less grain than the other varieties in both years. In 1975 the yields of Maris Fundin and Maris Huntsman were similar and in 1976 Hobbit yielded more than Maris Huntsman. The varieties had similar numbers of ears at maturity and similar patterns of tillering. The semi-dwarf varieties had most grains per spikelet, and hence grains per ear, and Cappelle-Desprez had least. The semi-dwarf varieties had the smallest grains. The semi-dwarf varieties had less straw than the other varieties and hence the largest ratios of grain to total above-ground dry weight. The decrease in dry weight of stem and leaves between anthesis and maturity was similar for all varieties. In 1975 the efficiency of the top two leaves plus top internode in producing grain was the same for all varieties, but in 1976 Hobbit was more efficient than the other two. There were some small differences between varieties in nutrient uptake that were not related to differences in growth. Maris Fundin tended to have a greater phosphorus and potassium content than the tall varieties. Hobbit contained slightly less nitrogen than the tall varieties at maturity, and had a smaller concentration of nitrogen in the grain.Applying 210 kg N/ha doubled grain yield in 1975. Applying nitrogen resulted in a largeincrease in number of ears and a small increase in number of grains per ear due to the development of more fertile spikelets per ear. Nitrogen decreased dry weight per grain, especially of the semi-dwarf varieties. With extra nitrogen, straw dry weight at maturity, shoot dry weight atanthesis and leaf area were all increased relatively more than grain yield, and stems lost moredry weight between anthesis and maturity than without nitrogen. The year 1976 was exceptionallydry and nitrogen had only small effects in that it affected neither straw dry weight nor numberof ears but slightly increased grain yield by increasing the number of spikelets and number of grains per spikelet. It also increased leaf area proportionately to grain yield. In 1975 nitrogen increased evaporation of water from the crop before anthesis but decreased it after anthesis, even though it continued to increase the extraction of water from below 90 cm.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Sumber dan Dosis Bahan Organik terhadap Perubahan sifat Kimia Tanah, Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L.Moench) var. KD4 di Lahan Kering Jatikerto, Malang

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Edy Suminarti ◽  
A.Y. Edy Guntoro ◽  
A. N. Fajrin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Suminarti et al, 2018. Effect of Source and Dosage of Organic Materials on Changes in Soil Chemical Properties, Growth and Yield of Sorghum Plants (Sorghum bicolor L.Moench) var. KD4 in Dry Land Jatikerto, Malang. JLSO 7(2): Agricultural extensification is the right step to anticipate conditions of food insecurity. This refers to two reasons, namely (1) proliferation of land conversion activities, and (2) sorghum is a carbohydrate-producing plant that is quite tolerant when planted on dry land. The objective of this study was to obtain information about the sources and doses of organic matter that are appropriate to changes in soil chemical properties, growth and yield of sorghum plants, and has been carried out in the dry land of Jatikerto, Malang. A split plot designs with three replications were used in this study, sources of organic material (blothong, UB compost and cow dung) as the main plot, and doses of organic matter (125%, 100% and 75%) as a subplot. Soil analysis was carried out 3 times, i.e. before planting, after application of organic matter and at harvest. The agronomic observations were carried out destructively at 80 days after planting (DAP) including the components of growth (root dry weight, leaf area, and total dry weight of the plant) and harvest at the age of 90 DAP.F test at 5% level was used to test the effect of treatment, while the difference between treatments was based on LSD level of 5%.The results showed that there was a significant interaction between the source and dosage of organic matter on the leaf area and total dry weight, the highest yield was obtained in blothong at various doses. Higher yields of seeds per hectare were also found in blotong: 1.76 tons ha-1, and 1.73 tons ha-1 on 125% doses of organic matter. Blotong application is able to provide elements of N, P and K soil respectively 18.3%, 85.68% and 8.42% for plant.

scholarly journals Exogenous Antioxidants Enhance Seedling Growth and Yield of Artificially Aged Cabbage and Lettuce Seeds

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Ademola Adetunji ◽  
Sershen ◽  
Boby Varghese ◽  
Norman Pammenter
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System ◽  
Aged Seeds

Aged seeds exhibit compromised vigour in terms of germination, seedling emergence and growth, but this can to some extent be alleviated by invigoration treatments before sowing. This study aimed to investigate ageing rates and patterns in cabbage (Brassica oleraceae) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa) seeds and whether the beneficial effects of invigorating aged seeds with exogenous antioxidants translate to enhanced seedling performance. Seeds were artificially aged to 25% viability before soaking in 0.4 mM glycerol, 0.6 mM GSH and 0.2 mM trolox for cabbage, and 0.6 mM glycerol, GSH and trolox for lettuce; deionised water served as a control. After 14 days of sowing, seedling emergence percentage, mean emergence time, mean daily emergence, and time taken to 25% emergence were computed. Seedling vigour index, root and shoot dry weight, root:shoot ratio, leaf area, leaf area ratio, and leaf chlorophyll content were assessed 6 weeks after sowing. Furthermore, the photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (E), and chlorophyll fluorescence were measured 6 weeks after sowing. Notably, ageing resulted in the loss of seed vigour and viability at higher rates in lettuce than cabbage. Seed pretreatment with glycerol promoted seedling growth in both species and shoot dry weight in lettuce, while glycerol and GSH enhanced Pn, Gs and E in lettuce. Trolox also enhanced Pn and E in lettuce. The beneficial effects of the antioxidant treatments are thought to be associated with the protection of photosystems from oxidative stress and/or stimulation of enzymes involved in photosynthesis, possibly through an enhanced antioxidant defence system during the early development stages when seedlings are particularly vulnerable to stress.

scholarly journals Growth And Yield of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Varities in Sokoto Sudan Savanna of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1513-1518
Author(s):  
A.S. Gunu ◽  
M. Musa
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Sudan Savanna ◽  
Stalk Weight

Field trial was carried out during the 2019 rainy season (June to October) at the Dryland Teaching and Research Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto to determine the growth and yield of sorghum varieties in the study area. The treatments consisted of five (5) sorghum varieties (Samsorg 45, Samsorg 46, Janjari, Yartawa and Jardawa), the treatments were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) replicated three (3) times. Data were collected on the growth and yield of the crop. Janjari and Jardawa varieties were higher in plant height. Jardawa and Yartawa varieties were higher in number of leaves. Janjari and Yartawa varieties were higher in total dry weight. Janjari, Jardawa and Yartawa varieties were higher in harvest index. Yartawa variety was higher in leaf area, leaf area index and 1000-grain weight. Jardawa variety was higher in panicle length. Janjari variety was early in number of days to heading, flowering, and maturity and was higher in dry stalk weight. The grain yield (249 – 1506kg ha-1 ) was higher in Janjari and Yartawa varieties (1268 – 1506 kg ha-1). Based on the findings of this research, it could be concluded that Janjari and Yartawa varieties performed better than other varieties in the study area.

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