scholarly journals Oxidative Stress andSalvia miltiorrhizain Aging-Associated Cardiovascular Diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Chieh Chang ◽  
Yu-Chun Chang ◽  
Wen-Long Hu ◽  
Yu-Chiang Hung
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Manganese Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Cardiac Fibrosis ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Salvia Miltiorrhiza ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
The Impact

Aging-associated cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have some risk factors that are closely related to oxidative stress.Salvia miltiorrhiza(SM) has been used commonly to treat CVDs for hundreds of years in the Chinese community. We aimed to explore the effects of SM on oxidative stress in aging-associated CVDs. Through literature searches using Medicine, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, CINAHL, and Scopus databases, we found that SM not only possesses antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects but also exerts angiogenic and cardioprotective activities. SM may reduce the production of reactive oxygen species by inhibiting oxidases, reducing the production of superoxide, inhibiting the oxidative modification of low-density lipoproteins, and ameliorating mitochondrial oxidative stress. SM also increases the activities of catalase, manganese superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and coupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase. In addition, SM reduces the impact of ischemia/reperfusion injury, prevents cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction, preserves cardiac function in coronary disease, maintains the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, and promotes self-renewal and proliferation of neural stem/progenitor cells in stroke. However, future clinical well-designed and randomized control trials will be necessary to confirm the efficacy of SM in aging-associated CVDs.

scholarly journals Maresin 1 Ameliorates Lung Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Suppressing Oxidative Stress via Activation of the Nrf-2-Mediated HO-1 Signaling Pathway

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quanchao Sun ◽  
You Wu ◽  
Feng Zhao ◽  
Jianjun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Lung Injury Score ◽  
Maresin 1 ◽  
The Impact

Lung ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury occurs in various clinical conditions and heavily damaged lung function. Oxidative stress reaction and antioxidant enzymes play a pivotal role in the etiopathogenesis of lung I/R injury. In the current study, we investigated the impact of Maresin 1 on lung I/R injury and explored the possible mechanism involved in this process. MaR 1 ameliorated I/R-induced lung injury score, wet/dry weight ratio, myeloperoxidase, tumor necrosis factor, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) leukocyte count, BALF neutrophil ratio, and pulmonary permeability index levels in lung tissue. MaR 1 significantly reduced ROS, methane dicarboxylic aldehyde, and 15-F2t-isoprostane generation and restored antioxidative enzyme (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase) activities. Administration of MaR 1 improved the expression of nuclear Nrf-2 and cytosolic HO-1 in I/R-treated lung tissue. Furthermore, we also found that the protective effects of MaR 1 on lung tissue injury and oxidative stress were reversed by HO-1 activity inhibitor, Znpp-IX. Nrf-2 transcription factor inhibitor, brusatol, significantly decreased MaR 1-induced nuclear Nrf-2 and cytosolic HO-1 expression. In conclusion, these results indicate that MaR 1 protects against lung I/R injury through suppressing oxidative stress. The mechanism is partially explained by activation of the Nrf-2-mediated HO-1 signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Role of reduced manganese superoxide dismutase in ischemia-reperfusion injury: a possible trigger for autophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis?

2013 ◽  
Vol 304 (3) ◽  
pp. F257-F267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirmala Parajuli ◽  
Lee Ann MacMillan-Crow
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Manganese Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Manganese Superoxide ◽  
Oxidant Production

Excessive generation of superoxide and mitochondrial dysfunction has been described as being important events during ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Our laboratory has demonstrated that manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a major mitochondrial antioxidant that eliminates superoxide, is inactivated during renal transplantation and renal I/R and precedes development of renal failure. We hypothesized that MnSOD knockdown in the kidney augments renal damage during renal I/R. Using newly characterized kidney-specific MnSOD knockout (KO) mice the extent of renal damage and oxidant production after I/R was evaluated. These KO mice (without I/R) exhibited low expression and activity of MnSOD in the distal nephrons, had altered renal morphology, increased oxidant production, but surprisingly showed no alteration in renal function. After I/R the MnSOD KO mice showed similar levels of injury to the distal nephrons when compared with wild-type mice. Moreover, renal function, MnSOD activity, and tubular cell death were not significantly altered between the two genotypes after I/R. Interestingly, MnSOD KO alone increased autophagosome formation, mitochondrial biogenesis, and DNA replication/repair within the distal nephrons. These findings suggest that the chronic oxidative stress as a result of MnSOD knockdown induced multiple coordinated cell survival signals including autophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis, which protected the kidney against the acute oxidative stress following I/R.

scholarly journals Augmenter of Liver Regeneration Reduces Ischemia Reperfusion Injury by Less Chemokine Expression, Gr-1 Infiltration and Oxidative Stress

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas S. Weiss ◽  
Madeleine Lupke ◽  
Rania Dayoub ◽  
Edward K. Geissler ◽  
Hans J. Schlitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Regeneration ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Augmenter Of Liver Regeneration ◽  
Primary Mouse ◽  
The Impact

Hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major complication in liver resection and transplantation. Here, we analyzed the impact of recombinant human augmenter of liver regeneration (rALR), an anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic protein, on the deleterious process induced by ischemia reperfusion (IR). Application of rALR reduced tissue damage (necrosis), levels of lipid peroxidation (oxidative stress) and expression of anti-oxidative genes in a mouse IRI model. Damage associated molecule pattern (DAMP) and inflammatory cytokines such as HMGB1 and TNFα, were not affected by rALR. Furthermore, we evaluated infiltration of inflammatory cells into liver tissue after IRI and found no change in CD3 or γδTCR positive cells, or expression of IL17/IFNγ by γδTCR cells. The quantity of Gr-1 positive cells (neutrophils), and therefore, myeloperoxidase activity, was lower in rALR-treated mice. Moreover, we found under hypoxic conditions attenuated ROS levels after ALR treatment in RAW264.7 cells and in primary mouse hepatocytes. Application of rALR also led to reduced expression of chemo-attractants like CXCL1, CXCL2 and CCl2 in hepatocytes. In addition, ALR expression was increased in IR mouse livers after 3 h and in biopsies from human liver transplants with minimal signs of tissue damage. Therefore, ALR attenuates IRI through reduced neutrophil tissue infiltration mediated by lower expression of key hepatic chemokines and reduction of ROS generation.

scholarly journals Nrf2 as a Key Player of Redox Regulation in Cardiovascular Diseases

2016 ◽  
pp. S1-S10 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. BARANČÍK ◽  
L. GREŠOVÁ ◽  
M. BARTEKOVÁ ◽  
I. DOVINOVÁ
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Redox Regulation ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion

The oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In CVD progression an aberrant redox regulation was observed. In this regulation levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in cellular signaling, where Nrf2 is the key regulator of redox homeostasis. Keap1-Nrf2-ARE system regulates a great set of detoxificant and antioxidant enzymes in cells after ROS and electrophiles exposure. In this review we focus on radical-generating systems in cardiovascular system as well as on Nrf2 as a target against oxidative stress and a key player of redox regulation in cardiovascular diseases. We also summarize the current knowledge about the role of Nrf2 in pathophysiology of several CVD (hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, cardiomyopathies) as well as in cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia/ reperfusion injury.

Protective effects of Gamma Oryzanol on distant organs after kidney ischemia-reperfusion in rats: A focus on liver protection

2020 ◽  
pp. 096032712097901
Author(s):  
Yasin Bagheri ◽  
Shadi Aghajani ◽  
Mahla Hosseinzadeh ◽  
Farid Hoshmandan ◽  
Abdollah Abdollahpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Gamma Oryzanol ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Liver Tissues

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the main clinical concern resulted from ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Ample clinical data indicates that AKI is associated with distant organ dysfunctions and poor patients’ outcomes. Oxidative stress and inflammation have a critical role in the pathogenesis of organ injuries following IRI. The objectives of this study were to determine the impact of Gamma Oryzanol (GO), extracted from rice bran oil, on distant organs in rats after IRI. Methods: Twelve out of 24 Wistar rats were treated by one dosage of GO (100mg/kg) 1 h before I/R induction through both oral gavage and intraperitoneal injection. Then, the AKI model rats were induced by IRI. Oxidative stress and antioxidant protein levels were assessed in the brain, heart, and liver tissues in the experimental groups. Furthermore, the effects of GO on IRI-induced liver dysfunction, apoptosis, and inflammation were measured by Western blot. Results: GO pretreatment could significantly restore the levels and activity of antioxidant proteins in the brain, heart, and liver tissues (P < 0.05). Moreover, GO pretreatment could decrease the inflammatory cytokine (IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α) in the liver (P < 0.01). By reducing Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and down-regulating caspase-3, GO could significantly diminish apoptosis in the liver tissue after the kidney I/R (P < 0.01). Additionally, GO could significantly diminish the deterioration of liver function in the kidney I/R model. Conclusion: GO protects distant organs against renal IRI-induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, it ameliorates liver function and remarkably exerts anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic roles in the liver as an important detoxifying organ.

scholarly journals Effect of Acupuncture on Oxidative Stress Induced by Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-Hsien Chen ◽  
Ching-Liang Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
The Cochrane Library

In this article, we review how acupuncture regulates oxidative stress to prevent ischemia–reperfusion injury. We electronically searched databases, including PubMed, Clinical Key and the Cochrane Library, from their inception to November 2019 by using the following medical subject headings and keywords: acupuncture, ischemia-reperfusion injury, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, and antioxidants. We concluded that acupuncture is effective in treating oxidation after ischemia-reperfusion injury. In addition to increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and downregulating the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), acupuncture also repairs the DNA, lipids, and proteins attacked by ROS and mediates downstream of the ROS pathway to apoptosis.

scholarly journals Ferroptosis: a cell death connecting oxidative stress, inflammation and cardiovascular diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Yu ◽  
Yuan Yan ◽  
Fanglin Niu ◽  
Yajun Wang ◽  
Xueyi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Nuclear Condensation ◽  
Redox Active ◽  
Dependent Cell

AbstractFerroptosis, a recently identified and iron-dependent cell death, differs from other cell death such as apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and autophagy-dependent cell death. This form of cell death does not exhibit typical morphological and biochemical characteristics, including cell shrinkage, mitochondrial fragmentation, nuclear condensation. The dysfunction of lipid peroxide clearance, the presence of redox-active iron as well as oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-containing phospholipids are three essential features of ferroptosis. Iron metabolism and lipid peroxidation signaling are increasingly recognized as central mediators of ferroptosis. Ferroptosis plays an important role in the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Accumulating evidence suggests that ferroptosis is implicated in a variety of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, stroke, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and heart failure, indicating that targeting ferroptosis will present a novel therapeutic approach against cardiovascular diseases. Here, we provide an overview of the features, process, function, and mechanisms of ferroptosis, and its increasingly connected relevance to oxidative stress, inflammation, and cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Treatments in Cardiovascular Diseases

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjun Wang ◽  
Peter M. Kang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Cellular Inflammation ◽  
Novel Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Species Production ◽  
Novel Antioxidants ◽  
The Relationship

Oxidative stress plays a key role in many physiological and pathological conditions. The intracellular oxidative homeostasis is tightly regulated by the reactive oxygen species production and the intracellular defense mechanisms. Increased oxidative stress could alter lipid, DNA, and protein, resulting in cellular inflammation and programmed cell death. Evidences show that oxidative stress plays an important role in the progression of various cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmia, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. There are a number of therapeutic options to treat oxidative stress-associated cardiovascular diseases. Well known antioxidants, such as nutritional supplements, as well as more novel antioxidants have been studied. In addition, novel therapeutic strategies using miRNA and nanomedicine are also being developed to treat various cardiovascular diseases. In this article, we provide a detailed description of oxidative stress. Then, we will introduce the relationship between oxidative stress and several cardiovascular diseases. Finally, we will focus on the clinical implications of oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals The Beneficial Effects of Saffron Extract on Potential Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Xin Su ◽  
Chao Yuan ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Runqi Chen ◽  
Xiangying Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Saffron Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Stress ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

Saffron is commonly used in traditional medicines and precious perfumes. It contains pharmacologically active compounds with notably potent antioxidant activity. Saffron has a variety of active components, including crocin, crocetin, and safranal. Oxidative stress plays an important role in many cardiovascular diseases, and its uncontrolled chain reaction is related to myocardial injury. Numerous studies have confirmed that saffron exact exhibits protective effects on the myocardium and might be beneficial in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. In view of the role of oxidative stress in cardiovascular disease, people have shown considerable interest in the potential role of saffron extract as a treatment for a range of cardiovascular diseases. This review analyzed the use of saffron in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases through antioxidant stress from four aspects: antiatherosclerosis, antimyocardial ischemia, anti-ischemia reperfusion injury, and improvement in drug-induced cardiotoxicity, particularly anthracycline-induced. Although data is limited in humans with only two clinically relevant studies, the results of preclinical studies regarding the antioxidant stress effects of saffron are promising and warrant further research in clinical trials. This review summarized the protective effect of saffron in cardiovascular diseases and drug-induced cardiotoxicity. It will facilitate pharmacological research and development and promote utilization of saffron.

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