scholarly journals Dietary Fructose Activates Insulin Signaling and Inflammation in Adipose Tissue: Modulatory Role of Resveratrol

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Bilgehan Pektas ◽  
Halit Bugra Koca ◽  
Gokhan Sadi ◽  
Fatma Akar
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Dietary Fructose

The effects of high-fructose diet on adipose tissue insulin signaling and inflammatory process have been poorly documented. In this study, we examined the influences of long-term fructose intake and resveratrol supplementation on the expression of genes involved in insulin signaling and the levels of inflammatory cytokines and sex hormones in the white adipose tissues of male and female rats. Consumption of high-fructose diet for 24 weeks increased the expression of genes involved in insulin signaling includingIR,IRS-1,IRS-2,Akt,PI3K,eNOS,mTOR, andPPARγ, despite induction of proinflammatory markers, iNOS, TNFα, IL-1β, IL-18, MDA, and ALT, as well as anti-inflammatory factors, IL-10 and Nrf2 in adipose tissues from males and females. Total and free testosterone concentrations of adipose tissues were impaired in males but increased in females, although there were no changes in their blood levels. Resveratrol supplementation markedly restored the levels of MDA, IL6, IL-10, and IL-18, as well asiNOS,Nrf2, andPI3KmRNA, in adipose tissues of both genders. Dietary fructose activates both insulin signaling and inflammatory pathway in the adipose tissues of male and female rats proposing no correlation between the tissue insulin signaling and inflammation. Resveratrol has partly modulatory effects on fructose-induced changes.

scholarly journals Sex modifies the consequences of extended fructose consumption on liver health, motor function, and physiological damage in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 317 (6) ◽  
pp. R903-R911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly M. Hyer ◽  
Samya K. Dyer ◽  
Alix Kloster ◽  
Anum Adrees ◽  
Thomas Taetzsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Liver Health

Sex differences are evident in the presentation of metabolic symptoms. A shift of sex hormones that signal the onset of puberty combined with a poor diet consumed in adolescence is likely to have sex-specific, long-term impacts on adult physiology. Here, we expanded on existing literature to elucidate the sex-specific mechanisms driving physiological deficits following high fructose consumption. Male and female Wistar rats were fed a high-fructose (55%) diet beginning immediately postweaning for 10 wk. Female rats fed the high-fructose diet displayed elevated weight gain and extensive liver pathology consistent with markers of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Male rats fed the high-fructose diet exhibited increased circulating glucose along with moderate hepatic steatosis. Levels of cytokines and gene expression of inflammatory targets were not altered by fructose consumption in either sex. However, circulating levels of markers for liver health, including alanine transaminase and uric acid, and markers for epithelial cell death were altered by fructose consumption. From the alterations in these markers for liver health, along with elevated circulating triglycerides, it was evident that liver health had deteriorated significantly and that a number of factors were at play. Both adult fructose-fed male and female rats displayed motor deficits that correlated with aberrant structural changes at the neuromuscular junction; however, these deficits were exacerbated in males. These data indicate that consumption of a high-fructose diet beginning in adolescence leads to adult pathology that is modified by sex. Identification of these sex-specific changes has implications for treatment of clinical presentation of metabolic syndrome and related disorders.

Green Tea Polyphenol Extract Regulates the Expression of Genes Involved in Glucose Uptake and Insulin Signaling in Rats Fed a High Fructose Diet

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (15) ◽  
pp. 6372-6378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heping Cao ◽  
Isabelle Hininger-Favier ◽  
Meghan A. Kelly ◽  
Rachida Benaraba ◽  
Harry D. Dawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Tea Polyphenol ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Green Tea Polyphenol

Early weaning alters the thermogenic capacity of brown adipose tissue in adult male and female rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 2207-2218 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Peixoto ◽  
C. B. Pietrobon ◽  
I. M. Bertasso ◽  
F. A. H. Caramez ◽  
C. Calvino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Thermogenic Capacity

Sex difference in insulin-stimulated glucose transport in rat and human adipocytes

1984 ◽  
Vol 246 (3) ◽  
pp. E211-E215 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Foley ◽  
A. Kashiwagi ◽  
H. Chang ◽  
T. P. Huecksteadt ◽  
S. Lillioja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glucose Transport ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Transport Rate ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Female Subjects

In an effort to determine whether differences in basal and maximum insulin-stimulated glucose transport by isolated adipocytes are a function of donor sex, we measured glucose transport rates in the absence and presence of 8 nM insulin in adipocytes isolated from the abdominal subcutaneous fat tissue of nine male and ten female subjects with varying degrees of obesity and in adipocytes isolated from the abdominal subcutaneous and retroperitoneal fat tissue of (180-220 g) male and female rats. Because maximal insulin-stimulated glucose transport rate per cell of adipocytes isolated from subcutaneous abdominal tissue of male and female subjects was constant in each sex, the data have been normalized on the basis of transport per cell. The results demonstrated that basal and maximal insulin-stimulated glucose transport per cell was 53-75% higher per cell in the females versus males in adipocytes from human subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (P less than 0.01). A similar difference in glucose transport rate between males and females (P less than 0.001) was also found in rat abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue. Adipocytes isolated from rat retroperitoneal adipose tissue had higher transport rates (approximately three-fold) and smaller sex differences (35% higher in females) than found in adipocytes from rat and human subcutaneous tissue. These results indicate that basal and maximum insulin-stimulated glucose transport is higher by adipocytes isolated from females and that this difference is independent of adipose cell size and species.

Dietary Fructose-Induced Hepatic Injury in Male and Female Rats: Influence of Resveratrol

Drug Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (02) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Pektas ◽  
Gözde Yücel ◽  
Halit Koca ◽  
Gökhan Sadi ◽  
Onur Yıldırım ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Injury ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Dietary Fructose

Administration of ursolic acid to new-born pups prevents dietary fructose-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Sprague Dawley rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Nyasha C. Mukonowenzou ◽  
Rachael Dangarembizi ◽  
Eliton Chivandi ◽  
Pilani Nkomozepi ◽  
Kennedy H. Erlwanger
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Surrogate Markers ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Dietary Fructose ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Overconsumption of fructose time dependently induces the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We investigated whether ursolic acid (UA) intake by new-born rats would protect against fructose-induced NAFLD. One hundred and seven male and female Sprague Dawley rat pups were randomly grouped and gavaged (10 ml/kg body weight) with either 0.5% dimethylsulphoxide (vehicle control), 0.05% UA, 50% fructose mixed with UA (0.05%) or 50% fructose alone, from postnatal day 6 (P6) to P20. Post-weaning (P21–P69), the rats received normal rat chow (NRC) and water to drink. On P70, the rats in each group were continued on water or 20% fructose to drink, as a secondary high fructose diet during adulthood. After 8 weeks, body mass, food and fluid intake, circulating metabolites, visceral adiposity, surrogate markers of liver function and indices of NAFLD were determined. Food intake was reduced as a result of fructose feeding in both male and female rats (p < 0.0001). Fructose consumption in adulthood significantly increased fluid intake and visceral adiposity in female rats (p < 0.05) and had no apparent effects in male rats (p > 0.05). In both sexes of rats, fructose had no significant (p > 0.05) effects on body mass, circulating metabolites, total calorie intake and surrogate markers of hepatic function. Fructose consumption in both early life and adulthood in female rats promoted hepatic lipid accumulation (p < 0.001), hypertrophy, microvesicular and macrovesicular steatosis (p < 0.05). Early-life UA intake significantly (p < 0.001) reduced fructose-induced hepatic lipid accumulation in both male and female rats. Administration of UA during periods of developmental plasticity shows prophylactic potential against dietary fructose-induced NAFLD.

scholarly journals Blockage of the Neonatal Leptin Surge Affects the Gene Expression of Growth Factors, Glial Proteins, and Neuropeptides Involved in the Control of Metabolism and Reproduction in Peripubertal Male and Female Rats

Endocrinology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 156 (7) ◽  
pp. 2571-2581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Mela ◽  
Francisca Díaz ◽  
Ana Belen Lopez-Rodriguez ◽  
María Jesús Vázquez ◽  
Arieh Gertler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Trophic Factors ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Leptin (Lep) is important in the development of neuroendocrine circuits involved in metabolic control. Because both Lep and metabolism influence pubertal development, we hypothesized that early changes in Lep signaling could also modulate hypothalamic (HT) systems involved in reproduction. We previously demonstrated that a single injection of a Lep antagonist (Antag) on postnatal day (PND)9, coincident with the neonatal Lep peak, induced sexually dimorphic modifications in trophic factors and markers of cell turnover and neuronal maturation in the HT on PND13. Here, our aim was to investigate whether the alterations induced by Lep antagonism persist into puberty. Accordingly, male and female rats were treated with a pegylated super Lep Antag from PND5 to PND9 and killed just before the normal appearance of external signs of puberty (PND33 in females and PND43 in males). There was no effect on body weight, but in males food intake increased, subcutaneous adipose tissue decreased and HT neuropeptide Y and Agouti-related peptide mRNA levels were reduced, with no effect in females. In both sexes, the Antag increased HT mRNA levels of the kisspeptin receptor, G protein-coupled recepter 54 (Gpr54). Expression of the Lep receptor, trophic factors, and glial markers were differently affected in the HT of peripubertal males and females. Lep production in adipose tissue was decreased in Antag-treated rats of both sexes, with production of other cytokines being differentially regulated between sexes. In conclusion, in addition to the long-term effects on metabolism, changes in neonatal Lep levels modifies factors involved in reproduction that could possibly affect sexual maturation.

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