Effects of Blend Ratio and SBR Type on Properties of Carbon Black-Filled and Silica-Filled SBR/BR Tire Tread Compounds

This work aimed at investigating the effects of blend ratio between styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) and butadiene rubber (BR) and SBR type (E-SBR and S-SBR) on properties of SBR/BR tire tread compounds. Influences of these parameters on properties of the tread compounds reinforced by 80 parts per hundred rubber (phr) of carbon black (CB) and silica were also compared. Results reveal that hardness, strengths, and wet grip efficiency were impaired whereas rolling resistance was improved with increasing BR proportion. Surprisingly, the presence of BR imparted poorer abrasion resistance in most systems, except for the CB-filled E-SBR system in which an enhanced abrasion resistance was observed. Obviously, S-SBR gave superior properties (tire performance) compared to E-SBR, particularly obvious in the silica-filled system. Compared with CB, silica gave comparable strengths, better wet grip efficiency, and lower rolling resistance. Carbon black, however, offered greater abrasion resistance than silica.

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Retraction: ‘Influencing Factors on Wet Grip and Rolling Resistance Properties of Styrene-Butadiene Rubber Composites’ by Choi, S.-S., Kwon, H.-M., Kim, Y., Ko, E. and Lee, K.-S.

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society ◽

10.1002/bkcs.11086 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 514-514 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Influencing Factors ◽

Rolling Resistance ◽

Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽

Butadiene Rubber ◽

Rubber Composites ◽

Wet Grip ◽

Styrene Butadiene

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Itaconate Based Elastomer as a Green Alternative to Styrene–Butadiene Rubber for Engineering Applications: Performance Comparison

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr8121527 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 1527

Author(s):

Liwei Li ◽

Haijun Ji ◽

Hui Yang ◽

Liqun Zhang ◽

Xinxin Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Black ◽

High Performance ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Rolling Resistance ◽

Performance Comparison ◽

Superior Performance ◽

Feed Ratio ◽

Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽

Butadiene Rubber ◽

Styrene Butadiene

In response to increasingly stringent requirements for the sustainability and environmental friendliness of the rubber industry, the application and development of bio-based elastomers have received extensive attention. In this work, we prepared a new type of bio-based elastomer poly(dibutyl itaconate-butadiene) copolymer (PDBIB) nanocomposite using carbon black and non-petroleum-based silica with a coupling agent. Using dynamic thermodynamic analysis (DMTA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), we studied the effects of feed ratio on dynamic mechanical properties, micro morphology, and filler dispersion of PDBIB composites. Among them, silica-reinforced PDBIB60 (weight ratio of dibutyl itaconate to butadiene 40/60) and carbon black-reinforced PDBIB70 (weight ratio of dibutyl itaconate to butadiene 30/70) both showed excellent performance, such as tensile strength higher than 18 MPa and an elongation break higher than 400%. Compared with the widely used ESBR, the results showed that PDBIB had better rolling resistance and heat generation than ESBR. In addition, considering the development of green tires, we compared it with the solution polymerized styrene–butadiene rubber with better comprehensive performance, and analyzed the advantages of PDBIB and the areas to be improved. In summary, PDBIB prepared from bio-based monomers had superior performance and is of great significance for achieving sustainable development, providing a direction for the development of high-performance green tire and holding great potential to replace petroleum-derived elastomers.

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Hybrid factors influencing wet grip and rolling resistance properties of solution styrene-butadiene rubber composites

Polymer International ◽

10.1002/pi.5515 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 340-346 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sung-Seen Choi ◽

Hyuk-Min Kwon ◽

Yeowool Kim ◽

Eunah Ko ◽

Ki-Suk Lee

Keyword(s):

Rolling Resistance ◽

Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽

Butadiene Rubber ◽

Rubber Composites ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Wet Grip ◽

Styrene Butadiene

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IMPROVEMENT OF SILICA-REINFORCED NATURAL RUBBER TIRE TREAD COMPOUNDS BY JOINT HYBRIDIZATION WITH SMALL AMOUNTS OF SECONDARY FILLERS AND POLYMERS

Rubber Chemistry and Technology ◽

10.5254/rct.20.79962 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 93 (4) ◽

pp. 652-671 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. Sattayanurak ◽

K. Sahakaro ◽

W. Kaewsakul ◽

W. K. Dierkes ◽

L. A. E. M. Reuvekamp ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wear Resistance ◽

Carbon Black ◽

Natural Rubber ◽

Abrasion Resistance ◽

Resistance Index ◽

Rolling Resistance ◽

Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽

Butadiene Rubber ◽

Payne Effect ◽

Positive Effects

ABSTRACT To improve the properties of silica-reinforced truck tire tread compounds, especially abrasion resistance, the effect of vinyl contents in butadiene rubber (BR) or solution styrene–butadiene rubber (SSBR) as secondary polymers in silica-filled natural rubber (NR) compounds at a ratio of 80/20 phr is investigated in the first part of this study. By increasing the levels of vinyl contents in BR in combination with NR, a better Payne effect, 300% modulus, reinforcement index, and tan delta at −20 and 0 ° C are obtained, whereas the tensile strength, elongation at break, and DIN abrasion resistance index decrease with increasing vinyl contents. Higher vinyl contents in SSBR result in improvements in Payne effect, 300% modulus, tan delta at −20 and 0 °C but only a small improvement in DIN abrasion resistance index. Combinations of secondary fillers and polymers in silica-filled NR are covered in the second part of present study. Silica/carbon black–filled NR/BR and NR/SSBR, respectively, and silica/organoclay–filled NR/BR and NR/SSBR show positive effects on scorch time and optimum cure time, with only slight changes in Payne effect, tensile properties, tan delta at −20 and 0 ° C and DIN abrasion resistance as compared with compounds with carbon black N134. The use of organoclay results in an enhanced Payne effect and tan delta at 60 °C, indicative of reduced filler–filler networking and consequently a lower rolling resistance of tire tread compounds as compared with the compound without organoclay. The specific combination of a small amount of organoclay replacing the same amount of silica, together with some of the NR replaced by high-vinyl BR, promises a substantial overall boost in wet and ice traction, abrasion, and wear resistance as compared with straight NR/silica tire treads. This new observation helps to overcome one of the main shortcomings of NR/silica compounds: their generally low wear resistance.

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Effect of Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Transfer Emulsion Styrene Butadiene Rubber (RAFT ESBR) on the Properties of Carbon Black-Filled Compounds

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym12040933 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 933

Author(s):

Kiwon Hwang ◽

Hyunsung Mun ◽

Wonho Kim

Keyword(s):

Carbon Black ◽

Abrasion Resistance ◽

Crosslink Density ◽

Raft Polymerization ◽

Fuel Efficiency ◽

Environmentally Friendly ◽

Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽

Butadiene Rubber ◽

Reversible Addition ◽

Styrene Butadiene

Tread is an important component that directly affects the performance of passenger car radial (PCR) tires. Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) is mainly used for tire tread and it includes solution styrene-butadiene rubber (SSBR) and emulsion styrene-butadiene rubber (ESBR). Although SSBR is mainly used, the manufacturing process for SSBR is more challenging than ESBR, which is environmentally friendly, but has the disadvantage of a broad molecular weight distribution. To overcome this, a reversible addition-fragmentation radical transfer (RAFT) polymerization technique is used in ESBR polymerization. An environmentally friendly RAFT ESBR with a narrow dispersity can be polymerized. Here, carbon black-filled compounds were manufactured while using RAFT ESBR, and their properties were compared to ESBR. The analysis showed a low crosslink density of RAFT ESBR, due to the high polysulfide crosslink structure. We manufactured a carbon black-filled compound with the same crosslink density and structure as the ESBR carbon black-filled compound, and the effect of the dispersity of the base polymer was investigated. RAFT ESBR showed 9% better abrasion resistance and 29% better fuel efficiency than ESBR, according to the analysis of the data. The narrow dispersity can reduce energy loss and positively influence the abrasion resistance and fuel efficiency.

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CORRELATION OF FILLER NETWORKING WITH REINFORCEMENT AND DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF SSBR/CARBON BLACK/SILICA COMPOSITES

Rubber Chemistry and Technology ◽

10.5254/rct.15.84881 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 88 (4) ◽

pp. 676-689 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Wengjiang Feng ◽

Zhenghai Tang ◽

Peijin Weng ◽

Baochun Guo

Keyword(s):

Carbon Black ◽

Network Structure ◽

Dynamic Properties ◽

Rolling Resistance ◽

Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽

Butadiene Rubber ◽

Rubber Composites ◽

Filler Network ◽

Improved Performance ◽

Styrene Butadiene

ABSTRACT The use of silica to partially replace carbon black is a common practice in the fabrication of “green tires.” Although some degree of consensus has been approached concerning the improved performance conferred by silica substitution, such as the improved dispersion of carbon black, a quantitative understanding of the relationship between filler networking and the performance of rubber composites has not been established. Thus, an investigation focusing on filler network structure and the correlation between the network structure and the reinforcement of rubber composites was conducted. We prepared solution-polymerized styrene–butadiene rubber (SSBR) reinforced by carbon black and carbon black/silica in different ratios. To exclude as much of the effect from changed crosslinking, and figure out how filler blending influences filler dispersion and filler network structure, the silane generally used in the tire industry was not adopted. The quantitative predictor, the mass fractal dimension df, was derived from the Kraus model and the Huber–Vilgis model. We found that when the amount of substituted silica increases, the filler cluster branching decreases, accompanied by increased reinforcement efficiency. The depressed filler networking induced by silica substitution at an appropriate proportion leads to improved dynamic properties, including lower rolling resistance and better wet skid. When the silica proportion in the filler is too high, severe filler networking is observed, resulting in decreased reinforcing efficiency and impaired dynamic properties.

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Effect of Carbon Black Structures towards Heat Build-Up Measurements and its Dynamic Properties

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1134.131 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1134 ◽

pp. 131-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohd Ismail Rifdi Rizuan ◽

Mohammad Azizol Abdul Wahab ◽

Ahmad Zafir Romli

Keyword(s):

Carbon Black ◽

Dynamic Properties ◽

Loss Modulus ◽

Rolling Resistance ◽

Testing Procedure ◽

Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽

Butadiene Rubber ◽

High Carbon ◽

Heat Build Up ◽

Styrene Butadiene

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of different carbon black structures towards heat build-up measurements and its dynamic properties such as tangent delta, loss modulus and storage modulus on the industrial rubber compounds containing Natural Rubber (NR) and Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR). Different carbon black structures were used and characterised with respect to their rheological and physical properties. Heat Build-up test is a testing procedure which is used to measure the rate of heat generated by the rubber vulcanisates when subjected to rapidly oscillating compressive stresses or strain under controlled conditions. It was found that NR compound containing low and high carbon black structures; N375 and N339 produced lower heat generation compared to NR/SBR blends that filled with the same type of carbon black fillers. It shows that NR with low and high carbon black structures exhibits low heat build-up (surface and intrinsic) with a balance of good traction and low rolling resistance for application in tyre.

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