Design and Steady-State Performance of a Novel Winding Type Permanent Magnet Coupling with Slip Power Recovery Function

A novel winding type permanent magnet coupling (WTPMC) is proposed to work as an adjustable speed drive with slip power recovery function. As a kind of dual-mechanical-port electric machine with radial-flux configuration, the WTPMC consists of an outer rotor embedded with three-phase windings, an inner rotor populated with permanent magnets, and a slip power recovery circuit comprising a rectifier, a boost converter, and an ultracapacitor. The working principle of the WTPMC is presented, and its mathematical model is derived. To develop a WTPMC prototype for automotive applications, two-dimensional (2D) finite element analysis (FEA) is conducted using Ansoft Maxwell software to study the steady-state (constant slip speed) performance. For the experimental validation, the WTPMC prototype is manufactured and tested on a test bench. To show the accuracy of the 2D FEA, the computed results are compared with those obtained from experimental measurements. It is shown that the agreement between the 2D FEA and experimental results is good. Moreover, the WTPMC prototype can operate in the output speed range under different load torque conditions. The slip power recovery efficiency for the 2D FEA is 66.7%, while, for experimental measurements, it is 57.2%.

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Design and Analysis of a Novel Axial-Radial Flux Permanent Magnet Machine with Halbach-Array Permanent Magnets

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14123639 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 3639

Author(s):

Rundong Huang ◽

Chunhua Liu ◽

Zaixin Song ◽

Hang Zhao

Keyword(s):

Permanent Magnet ◽

Permanent Magnets ◽

Torque Ripple ◽

Axial Flux ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Torque Density ◽

Axial Forces ◽

Halbach Array ◽

Radial Flux ◽

High Torque

Electric machines with high torque density are needed in many applications, such as electric vehicles, electric robotics, electric ships, electric aircraft, etc. and they can avoid planetary gears thus reducing manufacturing costs. This paper presents a novel axial-radial flux permanent magnet (ARFPM) machine with high torque density. The proposed ARFPM machine integrates both axial-flux and radial-flux machine topologies in a compact space, which effectively improves the copper utilization of the machine. First, the radial rotor can balance the large axial forces on axial rotors and prevent them from deforming due to the forces. On the other hand, the machine adopts Halbach-array permanent magnets (PMs) on the rotors to suppress air-gap flux density harmonics. Also, the Halbach-array PMs can reduce the total attracted force on axial rotors. The operational principle of the ARFPM machine was investigated and analyzed. Then, 3D finite-element analysis (FEA) was conducted to show the merits of the ARFPM machine. Demonstration results with different parameters are compared to obtain an optimal structure. These indicated that the proposed ARFPM machine with Halbach-array PMs can achieve a more sinusoidal back electromotive force (EMF). In addition, a comparative analysis was conducted for the proposed ARFPM machine. The machine was compared with a conventional axial-flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machine and a radial-flux permanent magnet (RFPM) machine based on the same dimensions. This showed that the proposed ARFPM machine had the highest torque density and relatively small torque ripple.

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Design and Analysis of a Dual Airgap Radial Flux Permanent Magnet Vernier Machine with Yokeless Rotor

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14082311 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (8) ◽

pp. 2311

Author(s):

Mudassir Raza Siddiqi ◽

Tanveer Yazdan ◽

Jun-Hyuk Im ◽

Muhammad Humza ◽

Jin Hur

Keyword(s):

Finite Element Analysis ◽

Finite Element ◽

Permanent Magnet ◽

Flux Linkage ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Cogging Torque ◽

Torque Density ◽

Stator Windings ◽

Radial Flux ◽

Torque Ripples

This paper presents a novel topology of dual airgap radial flux permanent magnet vernier machine (PMVM) in order to obtain a higher torque per magnet volume and similar average torque compared to a conventional PMVM machine. The proposed machine contains two stators and a sandwiched yokeless rotor. The yokeless rotor helps to reduce the magnet volume by providing an effective flux linkage in the stator windings. This effective flux linkage improved the average torque of the proposed machine. The competitiveness of the proposed vernier machine was validated using 2D finite element analysis under the same machine volume as that of conventional vernier machine. Moreover, cogging torque, torque ripples, torque density, losses, and efficiency performances also favored the proposed topology.

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Analysis of a Tubular Linear Permanent Magnet Motor for Reciprocating Compressor Applications

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.2114 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 448-453 ◽

pp. 2114-2119 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Izzeldin Idris Abdalla ◽

Taib Ibrahim ◽

Nursyarizal Mohd Nor

Keyword(s):

Permanent Magnet ◽

Permanent Magnets ◽

Outer Radius ◽

Design Parameters ◽

Reciprocating Compressor ◽

Permanent Magnet Motors ◽

Permanent Magnet Motor ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Split Ratio ◽

Single Coil

This paper describes a design optimization to achieve optimal performance of a two novel single-phase short-stroke tubular linear permanent magnet motors (TLPMMs) with rectangular and trapezoidal permanent magnets (PMs) structures. The motors equipped with a quasi-Halbach magnetized moving-magnet armature and slotted stator with a single-slot carrying a single coil. The motors have been developed for reciprocating compressor applications such as household refrigerators. It is observed that the TLPMM efficiency can be optimized with respect to the leading design parameters (dimensional ratios). Furthermore, the influence of mover back iron is investigated and the loss of the motor is computed. Finite element analysis (FEA) is employed for the optimization, and the optimal values of the ratio of the axial length of the radially magnetized magnets to the pole pitch as well as the ratio of the PMs outer radius-to-stator outer radius (split ratio), are identified.

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Design and analysis of a high speed double-sided axial flux permanent magnet motor suspended vertically by magnetic bearings

International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics ◽

10.3233/jae-209526 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Ömer Faruk Güney ◽

Ahmet Çelik ◽

Ahmet Fevzi Bozkurt ◽

Kadir Erkan

Keyword(s):

Permanent Magnet ◽

High Speed ◽

Permanent Magnets ◽

Mechanical Analysis ◽

Magnetic Bearings ◽

Permanent Magnet Motor ◽

Axial Flux ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Shaft System ◽

Rotor Disk

This paper presents the electromagnetic and mechanical analysis of an axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) motor for high speed (12000 rpm) rotor which is vertically suspended by magnetic bearings. In the analysis, a prototype AFPM motor with a double-sided rotor and a coreless stator between the rotors are considered. Firstly, electromagnetic analysis of the motor is carried out by using magnetic equivalent circuit method. Then, the rotor disk thickness is determined based on a rotor axial displacement due to the attractive force between the permanent magnets placed on opposite rotor disks. Hereafter, an analytical solution is carried out to determine the natural frequencies of the rotor-shaft system. Finally, 3D finite element analysis (FEA) is carried out to verify the analytical results and some experimental results are given to verify the analytical and numerical results and prove the stable high-speed operation.

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OPTIMIZATION OF THE FORCE CHARACTERISTIC OF ROTARY MOTION TYPE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATOR BASED ON FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v78.7161 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 78 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Izzati Yusri ◽

Mariam Md Ghazaly ◽

Esmail Ali Ali Alandoli ◽

Mohd Fua'ad Rahmat ◽

Zulkeflee Abdullah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Finite Element Analysis ◽

Finite Element ◽

Permanent Magnet ◽

Permanent Magnets ◽

Thrust Force ◽

Rotary Motion ◽

Electromagnetic Actuator ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Electromagnetic Actuators ◽

Motion Type

This paper addresses a rotary motion type of electromagnetic actuator that compares two types of electromagnetic actuators; i.e the Permanent Magnet Switching Flux (PMSF) and the Switching Reluctance (SR) actuator. The Permanent Magnet Switching Flux (PMSF) actuator is the combination of permanent magnets (PM) and the Switching Reluctance (SR) actuator. The force optimizations are accomplished by manipulating the actuator parameters; i.e. (i) the poles ratio of the stator and rotor; (ii) the actuator’s size; (iii) the number of winding turns; and (iv) the air gap thickness between the stator and rotor through Finite Element Analysis Method (FEM) using the ANSYS Maxwell 3D software. The materials implemented in the actuator’s parameters optimizations are readily available materials, especially in Malaysia. The excitation current used in FEM analysis for both actuators was between 0A and 2A with interval of 0.25A. Based on the FEM analyses, the best result was achieved by the Permanent Magnet Switching Flux (PMSF) actuator. The PMSF actuator produced the largest magnetostatic thrust force (4.36kN) once the size is scaled up to 100% with the input current, 2A respectively. The maximum thrust force generated by the Switching Reluctance (SR) actuator was 168.85μN, which is significantly lower in compared to the results of the PMSF actuator.

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Mitigation Method of Slot Harmonic Cogging Torque Considering Unevenly Magnetized Permanent Magnets in PMSM

Energies ◽

10.3390/en12203887 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (20) ◽

pp. 3887

Author(s):

Jeong ◽

Lee ◽

Hur

Keyword(s):

Permanent Magnet ◽

Permanent Magnets ◽

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor ◽

Harmonic Component ◽

Magnetic Flux Density ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Cogging Torque ◽

Maxwell Stress Tensor ◽

The Finite Element Analysis ◽

Harmonic Components

This paper presents a mitigation method of slot harmonic cogging torque considering unevenly magnetized magnets in a permanent magnet synchronous motor. In previous studies, it has been confirmed that non-uniformly magnetized permanent magnets cause an unexpected increase of cogging torque because of additional slot harmonic components. However, these studies did not offer a countermeasure against it. First, in this study, the relationship between the residual magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet and the cogging torque is derived from the basic form of the Maxwell stress tensor equation. Second, the principle of the slot harmonic cogging torque generation is explained qualitatively, and the mitigation method of the slot harmonic component is proposed. Finally, the proposed method is verified with the finite element analysis and experimental results.

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Force Characteristics Analysis for Linear Machine with DC Field Excitations

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201815203005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 152 ◽

pp. 03005

Author(s):

Preshant A/L Krishna ◽

Aravind CV ◽

Aminath Saadha ◽

F. Azhar

Keyword(s):

Permanent Magnet ◽

Permanent Magnets ◽

Magnetic Levitation ◽

Transport Sector ◽

Magnet System ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Average Force ◽

Railway Systems ◽

Characteristics Analysis ◽

Electro Magnetic

In urban regions and particularly in developing countries such as Malaysia with its ever-growing transport sector, there is the need for energy efficient systems. In urban railway systems there is a requirement of frequent braking and start/stop motion, and energy is lost during these processes. To improve the issues of the conventional braking systems, particularly in Japan, they have introduced linear induction motor techniques. The drawbacks of this method, however, is the use of permanent magnets, which not only increase the weight of the entire system but also increases magnetic cogging. Hence an alternative is required which uses the same principles as Magnetic-Levitation but using a magnet-less system. Therefore, the objective of this research is to propose an electromagnetic rail brake system and to analyze the effect of replacing permanent magnets with a magnet-less braking systems to produce a significant amount of brake thrust as compared with the permanent magnet system. The modeling and performance analysis of the model is done using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The mechanical aspects of the model are designed on Solidworks and then imported to JMAG Software to proceed with the electro-magnetic analysis of the model. There are 3 models developed: Base Model (steel), Permanent Magnet (PM) Model and DC Coil Model. The performance of the proposed 2D models developed is evaluated in terms of average force produced and motor constant square density. By comparing the values for the 3 models for the same case of 9A current supplied for a 0.1mm/s moving velocity, the base model, permanent magnet model and DC coil model produced an average force of 7.78 N, 7.55 N, and 8.34 N respectively, however, with increase in DC current supplied to the DC coil model, the average force produced is increased to 13.32 N. Thus, the advantage of the DC coil (magnet-less) model, is, that the force produced can be controlled by varying the number of turns in the coil (N) or the current supply to the coil (I) given by the which is the simple principles of a solenoid: Force(mmf)=NI.

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Detection of Partial Demagnetization Faults in Five-Phase Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machines

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13133496 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (13) ◽

pp. 3496

Author(s):

Carlos Candelo-Zuluaga ◽

Jordi-Roger Riba ◽

Dinesh V. Thangamuthu ◽

Antoni Garcia

Keyword(s):

Permanent Magnet ◽

Permanent Magnets ◽

Short Circuit ◽

Detection Methods ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Field Weakening ◽

Synchronous Reluctance Motor ◽

Harmonic Content ◽

Zero Sequence ◽

Demagnetization Faults

This paper analyzes partial demagnetization faults in a five-phase permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor (fPMa-SynRM) incorporating ferrite permanent magnets (PMs). These faults are relevant because of the application of field weakening, or due to high operating temperatures or short circuit currents, the PMs can become irreversibly demagnetized, thus affecting the performance and safe operation of the machine. This paper proposes fault indicators to detect such fault modes with low demagnetization levels between 5.0% to 16.7% relative demagnetization. Four partial demagnetization fault detection methods are tested, which are based on the analysis of the harmonic content of the electromotive force (EMF) under no load conditions, the harmonic content of the line currents, the harmonic content of the zero-sequence voltage component (ZSVC) and the analysis of the power factor (PF). This work also compares the sensitivity and performance of the proposed detection methods. According to the fault indicators proposed in this paper, the results show that the analysis of the EMF, ZSVC and PF are the most sensitive detection methods. Experimental results are presented to validate finite element analysis (FEA) simulations.

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Comparison of different magnet arrangement on performance of flux reversal permanent magnet (FRPM) machine

International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) ◽

10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i3.pp1207-1214 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 1207

Author(s):

M. H. Remlan ◽

R. Aziz ◽

S Salimin

Keyword(s):

Finite Element Analysis ◽

Permanent Magnet ◽

High Speed ◽

Permanent Magnets ◽

Correct Position ◽

Maximum Torque ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Flux Reversal ◽

Previous Design ◽

Analysis Of Performance

<span lang="EN-MY">This paper offers the analysis of performance of Flux Reversal Permanent Magnet (FRPM) machines with different type of magnet arrangements. There are two designs that have been proposed in this report, which one of them has a pair of permanent magnets (PM) with alternate polarities place on surface of stator tooth and the polarities of two adjacent PM at these two stators are identical. This PM arrangement is called as NS-SN configuration. Second design is NS-NS configuration that has different PM polarities on different stator tooth. By comparing this PM arrangement, generally the NS-NS configuration offers high speed and power. However, the NS-SN configuration shows higher maximum torque compared to the previous design. The design process for both configurations is completely using finite element analysis (FEA) which is JMAG-Designer. To make sure the coil phase is in correct position, the design configuration with coil arrangement tests are evaluated. Finally, each flux of both designs been observed by analyse their torque with various armature current density.</span>

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Analysis of Magnetic Field and Torque Features of Improved Permanent Magnet Rotor Deflection Type Three-Degree-of-Freedom Motor

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13102533 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 2533 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zheng Li ◽

Xuze Yu ◽

Zengtao Xue ◽

Hexu Sun

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Permanent Magnet ◽

Degree Of Freedom ◽

Structure Stability ◽

Permanent Magnet Motor ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Radial Flux ◽

Three Phase ◽

Before And After ◽

Three Degree Of Freedom

This paper proposes a novel layered permanent magnet motor (N-LPM), which is based on a three-degree-of-freedom (3-DOF) permanent magnet motor. Compared with the former, the improved N-LPM air gap magnetic density, torque and structure stability have been significantly improved. The proposed N-LPM has three layers of stator along the axis direction, and each layer of stator has three-phase winding. In order to calculate the magnetic field and torque distribution of the N-LPM, an analytical method (AM) is proposed. For performance verification and accurate calculation, finite-element analysis (FEA) is adopted. The two kinds of motors before and after the improvement are compared, and their magnetic field, torque and stability are analyzed. The optimization rate is defined to evaluate the performance of the motor before and after improvement. The results show that the radial flux density, rotation torque, deflection torque and the volume optimization rate of the permanent magnet of the improved motor are 80%, 25%, 50% and 54.72% respectively, and the comprehensive performance is improved significantly.

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