scholarly journals Modeling and Control for HIV/AIDS Transmission in China Based on Data from 2004 to 2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiming Li ◽  
Zhidong Teng ◽  
Hui Miao
Keyword(s):  
Major Life ◽  
Modeling And Control ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Latent Stage ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
And Control ◽  
Sei Model ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
Hiv Aids

HIV is one of the major life-threatening viruses that are spreading in the People’s Republic of China (China for short). A susceptible-exposed in the latent stage-infectious (SEI) model is established to sketch the evolution of epidemic. The basic reproduction number is defined. By constructing Lyapunov function, globally asymptotical stabilities of the disease-free and endemic equilibria are given. Then, optimal control theory is applied in HIV/AIDS epidemic. Precaution, screening, and treatment of control variables are introduced and a new model with control is established. Through the HIV/AIDS data in China, all parameters involved in SEI model are analyzed and parts of them are estimated. Further, by control model, optimal strategy is obtained. Results show that the precaution and treatment are the major contributors to preventing and controlling HIV/AIDS epidemic.

Stigma, Discrimination, and Ostracization: HIV/AIDS Infection in Nigeria

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adesola O. Oyelese
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Major Constraint ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
And Control ◽  
Hiv Aids

The AIDS epidemic continues and HIV-infected persons continue to suffer stigmatization and discrimination in Nigeria. The results of an open-ended questionnaire administered non-randomly in Ile-Ife and Ilesa in the late 1990s confirm this. Six questions on Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) were asked; 83 (36.4%) males and 145 (63.6%) females aged between 11 and 60 years responded. The respondents included 101 students, 49 civil servants, 39 artisans and traders. Others included 29 health professionals (doctors and nurses, etc.), 8 teachers, and 2 commercial sex workers. The median of negative responses (rejection) is 42.2%. It is concluded that there still exists a significant but suppressed or subtle stigmatization and discrimination against HIV-infected people, a major constraint in the management and control of HIV/AIDS.

scholarly journals Kebijakan Pengendalian HIV/AIDS di Denpasar

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Tri Rini Puji Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
District Health ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City ◽  
Government Perspective ◽  
Hiv Aids

Secara nasional, Indonesia telah mengantisipasi epidemi HIV/AIDS, tetapi jumlah kasus HIV/AIDS di Provinsi Bali dari tahun ke tahun memperlihatkan peningkatan yang semakin mengkhawatirkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan jumlah kasus dan kebijakan penanggulangan HIV/AIDS di Denpasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang dilakukan di Denpasar pada tanggal 11-17 September 2011. Sampel penelitian ini menggunakan informan terpilih yaitu kepala bappeda, pejabat Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Denpasar, direktur rumah sakit, puskesmas, ketua komisi penanggulangan AIDS di kabupaten/kota dan pemerhati HIV/AIDS termasuk ODHA. Penelitian menemukan jumlah kasus HIV/AIDS di Kota Denpasar yang tertinggi dan penularan terbesarnya melalui hubungan seks. Namun, dukungan pemerintah daerah dalam upaya pencegahan dan penanggulangan HIV/AIDS terlihat belum maksimal. Padahal kebijakan penanggulangan HIV/AIDS sangat ditentukan oleh cara pandang pemerintah terhadap penyakit HIV/AIDS. Untuk itu, perlu peningkatan pemahaman tentang HIV/AIDS serta pencegahan dan penanganan semua pihak terkait sehingga penanggulangan HIV/AIDS dapat lebih efektif, efisien, dan tepat sasaran.Nationally, Indonesia anticipated HIV/AIDS epidemic, but the number of cases of HIV/AIDS in Bali province from year to year showed an increase in the increasingly alarming. This study aimed to determine the number of cases and the development of policies on HIV / AIDS in Denpasar. This research was conducted using qualitative methods in Denpasar on 11-17 September 2011. The study sample was selected using the informant is head of planning, Denpasar District health officers, the director of the hospital, health center, chairman of the commission on AIDS in the district/city and observer of HIV / AIDS, including people living with HIV. The study found the number of cases of HIV / AIDS in the city of Denpasar is the highest and greatest transmission through sexual intercourse. However, the support of local governments in efforts to prevent and control HIV/AIDS looks not maximized. In fact the policy of HIV/AIDS is largely determined by the government perspective on HIV / AIDS. To that end, should be an increased understanding of HIV/AIDS as well as prevention and treatment of all parties concerned. So that HIV/ AIDS can be more effective, efficient, and targeted.

scholarly journals Mathematical Epidemic Model of HIV/AIDS in Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Rizwan Ul Haq Tirmizi ◽  
Nasiruddin Khan ◽  
Syed Talha Tirmizi ◽  
Syeda Amara Tirmizi
Keyword(s):  
Labor Migration ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Nonlinear Fractional Differential Equation ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Fractional Differential ◽  
And Control ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
Hiv Aids

In Pakistan the effect population mobility, specifically labor migration and refugees is also thought to have been important in explaining the rapid spread of HIV/AIDS. One of the effects labor migration is likely to have had increased the prevalence of the overlap of sexual partnership. A nonlinear fractional differential equation model is discussed for transmission and control of HIV/AIDS in Pakistan. We shall also discuss the disease free equilibrium and stability behavior of the model Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(1) 2019 p.14-23

scholarly journals A MODEL FOR CONTROL OF HIV/AIDS WITH PARENTAL CARE

2013 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 1350006 ◽  
Author(s):  
GBENGA JACOB ABIODUN ◽  
NIZAR MARCUS ◽  
KAZEEM OARE OKOSUN ◽  
PETER JOSEPH WITBOOI
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Optimal Strategies ◽  
Asymptotically Stable ◽  
Globally Asymptotically Stable ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
Hiv Aids

In this study we investigate the HIV/AIDS epidemic in a population which experiences a significant flow of immigrants. We derive and analyze a mathematical model that describes the dynamics of HIV infection among the immigrant youths and how parental care can minimize or prevent the spread of the disease in the population. We analyze the model with both screening control and parental care, then investigate its stability and sensitivity behavior. We also conduct both qualitative and quantitative analyses. It is observed that in the absence of infected youths, disease-free equilibrium is achievable and is globally asymptotically stable. We establish optimal strategies for the control of the disease with screening and parental care, and provide numerical simulations to illustrate the analytic results.

scholarly journals Modeling the Transmission Dynamics of HIV/AIDS epidemics: an introduction and a review.

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 597-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onoja Matthew Akpa ◽  
Benjamin Agboola Oyejola
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Clear Explanation ◽  
Hiv Research ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
And Control ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction: One of the greatest causes of morbidity and mortality in the Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly among young adults, is HIV/AIDS. Many mathematical models have been suggested for describing the epidemiology as well as the epidemiological consequences of the epidemic. A review of some these models would aid researchers in applying them to better understand and control the incidence and distribution of the disease in their countries. Methodology: This study reviews some of the models proposed by various authors for describing the epidemiology as well as the epidemiological consequences of the HIV/AIDS epidemic and how some of them could be modified to suit the situations in other countries. We also discuss the limitations and the place of such models in the fight against the HIV epidemic. Results: A clear explanation of the premises and assumptions on which the models were based was reached by reviewing the models across different scenarios. Conclusion: Mathematical models have been very useful in HIV research, particularly for empirical studies on people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). These models make predictions that generate questions of social and ethical interest.

scholarly journals A mathematical model for HIV prevention and control among men who have sex with men in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Lu ◽  
L. Wang ◽  
L. P. Wang ◽  
H. Xing ◽  
G. Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Compartmental Model ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Art Program ◽  
Primary Drug Resistance ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
And Control ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract In recent years, men who have sex with men (MSM) constitute a major group of HIV transmission in China. High primary drug-resistance (PDR) rate in MSM also represents a serious challenge for the Chinese antiretroviral therapy (ART) program. To assess the efficiency of ART in controlling HIV/AIDS infection among MSM, we developed a compartmental model for the annually reported HIV/AIDS MSM from 2007 to 2019 in the Zhejiang Province of China. R0 was 2.3946 (95% CI (2.2961–2.4881)). We predict that 90% of diagnosed HIV/AIDS individuals will have received treatment till 2020, while the proportion of the diagnosed remains as low as 40%. Even when the proportion of the diagnosed reaches 90%, R0 is still larger than the level of AIDS epidemic elimination. ART can effectively control the spread of HIV, even in the presence of drug resistance. The 90-90-90 strategy alone may not eliminate the HIV epidemic in Chinese MSM. Behavioural and biologic interventions are the most effective interventions to control the HIV/AIDS epidemic among MSM.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Peer Education in Improving HIV Knowledge, Attitude, and Sexual Behaviours among In-School Adolescents in Osun State, Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeleye Abiodun Adeomi ◽  
Oluwatosin Adediran Adeoye ◽  
Esther Olufunmilayo Asekun-Olarinmoye ◽  
Olugbemiga Lanre Abodunrin ◽  
Adenike Iyanuoluwa Olugbenga-Bello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peer Education ◽  
Hiv Knowledge ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Educational Programmes ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction. Young people are at the centre of the global HIV/AIDS epidemic. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of peer education in improving HIV knowledge, attitude, and preventive practices among in-school adolescents in Osun State, Nigeria.Methods. This was an intervention study that was carried out among in-school adolescents attending mixed secondary schools in Osun State, Nigeria. The study was in three stages: before intervention, intervention, and after intervention. The impact of peer education was evaluated twelve weeks after intervention. Data were collected using pretested semistructured questionnaires and data analysis was done with SPSS version 16.Results. At the preintervention stage, the study and control groups were similar in their sociodemographic characteristics, HIV knowledge, attitude, and preventive practices, including high risk behaviours for HIV/AIDS transmission. After the peer education intervention, those with good knowledge and positive attitudes towards HIV/AIDS increased significantly from 50.0% to 86.7% and from 49.0% to 85.6%, respectively (P<0.05).Conclusion. The study showed that peer education is effective in improving knowledge, attitude, and some preventive practices towards HIV/AIDS among in-school adolescents. Educational programmes about HIV/AIDS should therefore be designed to target this age group putting into consideration their unique characteristics.

scholarly journals Spatial Analysis of Risk Factors of Potable Water and The Efficiency of HIV/AIDS in Ekiti State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Folorunso Owoola ◽  
Wole W. Adebayo ◽  
Kayode O. Olowe
Keyword(s):  
Potable Water ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hiv Aids

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have been a major problem around the world, and various control have been put in place to tame this potentially life-threatening virus. The research aims to expose the relationship between HIV/AIDS and potable water. However, it is generally believed that the virus cannot be contacted through water, but the interface between HIV/AIDS may likely be influenced through scarcity of water. The data for this research was collected through administration of questionnaire to people leaving with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) at major health institutions in the three senatorial districts in Ekiti state. The data collected were analyzed using statistical tools and the results show that 44.5% of the respondents believed that water availability can reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS infection around the study area. 84.5% of the respondents had an increased need of water after HIV infections. While 92.7% of the respondents agreed HIV positive people have increased need for better hygiene and sanitation. The study discovers that water, sanitation, hygiene and population are agents determining the spread of HIV/AIDS in the environment. Thus, planning and proper spread of infrastructure that support supply of potable water will reduce and control the virus.

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