scholarly journals VCH-ECCR: A Centralized Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Pachlor ◽  
Deepti Shrimankar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Finite Energy ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Adaptive Clustering ◽  
Cluster Based Routing

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a collection of hundreds to thousands of compact, battery-operated sensors. It is deployed to accumulate useful information from the nearby environment. Depending upon the type of application, the sensors have to work for months to years with a finite energy source. In some extreme environments, the replacement of energy source is challenging and sometimes not feasible. Therefore, it is vital for sensors to perform their duties in an energy efficient way to improve the longevity of the network. This paper proposes an energy-efficient centralized cluster-based routing protocol called Vice-Cluster-Head-Enabled Centralized Cluster-based Routing protocol (VCH-ECCR). The VCH-ECCR uses a two-level hierarchy of vice cluster heads to use the energy of sensors efficiently and to cut back the frequency of the clustering. The performance of VCH-ECCR is compared with low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH), LEACH-Centralized (LEACH-C), and base station controlled dynamic clustering protocol (BCDCP). The experimental results show that the VCH-ECCR outperforms over its comparative in terms of network lifetime, overall energy consumption, and throughput.

A Survey on Hierarchical Cluster Based Secure Routing Protocols and Key Management Schemes in Wireless Sensor Networks

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Yugashree Bhadane ◽  
Pooja Kadam
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Key Management ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Secure Routing ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Management Schemes ◽  
Cluster Based Routing

Now days, wireless technology is one of the center of attention for users and researchers. Wireless network is a network having large number of sensor nodes and hence called as “Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)”. WSN monitors and senses the environment of targeted area. The sensor nodes in WSN transmit data to the base station depending on the application. These sensor nodes communicate with each other and routing is selected on the basis of routing protocols which are application specific. Based on network structure, routing protocols in WSN can be divided into two categories: flat routing, hierarchical or cluster based routing, location based routing. Out of these, hierarchical or cluster based routing is becoming an active branch of routing technology in WSN. To allow base station to receive unaltered or original data, routing protocol should be energy-efficient and secure. To fulfill this, Hierarchical or Cluster base routing protocol for WSN is the most energy-efficient among other routing protocols. Hence, in this paper, we present a survey on different hierarchical clustered routing techniques for WSN. We also present the key management schemes to provide security in WSN. Further we study and compare secure hierarchical routing protocols based on various criteria.

Research on Low Power Routing Protocol for WSNs

2014 ◽  
Vol 610 ◽  
pp. 927-932
Author(s):  
Ahmed Rouaba ◽  
Nouamane Soualmi ◽  
He Zun Wen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Adaptive Clustering ◽  
Save Energy

A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of large number of autonomous sensors nodes; these nodes communicate with each other in dispersed manner to observe the environment. WSNs become one of the most important researches in modern communication systems. The energy source of nodes is limited and practically it is impossible to change or charge the battery. In order to save energy and increases the life time of battery in WSNs. Many energy routing protocols using the clustering were proposed in the literature. Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) is the most famous routing protocol. In this paper we propose a new algorithm to choose the cluster head which has the highest energy. We shared the network to four regions, between them 90° for each part we find the powerful sensor between the sensors groups, and this last will be the cluster head of this round. Each sensor sends its data to the nearest cluster head and this last will send it to the sink. The same work for five and six clusters heads with sink in the center and in the corner (100, 0) is done.

scholarly journals Design and Implementation of EOICHD Based Clustered Routing Protocol Variants for Wireless Sensor Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Anupkumar Bongale ◽  
Arunkumar Bongale ◽  
Satish Kumar ◽  
Rahul Joshi ◽  
Kishore Bhamidipati
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Adaptive Clustering ◽  
Network Cluster ◽  
Leach Protocol

Efficient energy utilization and network life prolongation are primary objectives to be considered when designing a Wireless Sensor Network. Cluster-based routing protocols are most suitable for achieving such goals. Energy and Optimal Inter Cluster Head Distance (EOICHD) is a cluster-based hierarchical routing protocol inspired by the Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol. EOICHD resolves the problems associated with LEACH protocol, such as selecting cluster head nodes in close proximity. By carefully selecting the cluster head nodes based on residual energy and optimal inter-cluster head distance, EOICHD ensures that selected cluster head nodes are separated by a certain optimal distance. This approach ensures uniform distribution of cluster head nodes across the entire network. The study of the EOICHD protocol presented so far is not sufficient. Hence, in this paper, we propose three variants of EOICHD protocol to understand its behavior in a better manner. A comparative analysis of all three EOICHD variants, LEACH and LEACH-central constrained (LEACH-C) protocol, is performed by considering comparative parameters such as alive nodes, cumulative network energy, data packets arrived at the base station, and stability of the network.

scholarly journals Rethinking Cluster-based Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 03-07 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIMITRIS KANELLOPOULOS
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Cluster Based Routing ◽  
Flat Routing

A wireless sensor network (WSN) can be employed in many application areas such as traffic control and industrial automation. In WSNs, clustering achieves energy efficiency and scalable performance. A cluster is formed by several sensors nodes, and one of them is elected as cluster-head (CH). A CH collects information from the cluster members and sends aggregated sensed data to the base station (BS) or another CH. The main task of a routing protocol in a WSN is to forward these sensed data to the BS. This paper analyses the advantages of cluster-based routing protocols vs. flat routing protocols in WSNs.

Sector Tree-Based Clustering for Energy Efficient Routing Protocol in Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 57-74
Author(s):  
Nguyen Duy Tan ◽  
Vu Khanh Quy ◽  
Pham Ngoc Hung ◽  
Le Van Vinh
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
Power Efficient ◽  
Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Mixed Distance

One of the main challenges for researchers to build routing protocols is how to use energy efficiently to extend the lifespan of the whole wireless sensor networks (WSN) because sensor nodes have limited battery power resources. In this work, we propose a Sector Tree-Based clustering routing protocol (STB-EE) for Energy Efficiency to cope with this problem, where the entire network area is partitioned into dynamic sectors (clusters), which balance the number of alive nodes. The nodes in each sector only communicate with their nearest neighbour by constructing a minimum tree based on the Kruskal algorithm and using mixed distance from candidate node to base station (BS) and remaining energy of candidate nodes to determine which node will become the cluster head (CH) in each cluster? By calculating the duration of time in each round for suitability, STB-EE increases the number of data packets sent to the BS. Our simulation results show that the network lifespan using STB-EE can be improved by about 16% and 10% in comparison to power-efficient gathering in sensor information system (PEGASIS) and energy-efficient PEGASIS-based protocol (IEEPB), respectively.

scholarly journals Optimization of Energy Efficient Advance Leach Protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 07-16
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kaur ◽  
Dr. Rajeev Bedi ◽  
Mohit Marwaha
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Cluster Head Selection ◽  
Leach Protocol

In WSNs, the only source to save life for the node is the battery consumption. During communication with other area nodes or sensing activities consumes a lot of power energy in processing the data and transmitting the collected/selected data to the sink. In wireless sensor networks, energy conservation is directly to the network lifetime and energy plays an important role in the cluster head selection. A new threshold has been formulated for cluster head selection, which is based on remaining energy of the sensor node and the distance from the base station. Proposed approach selects the cluster head nearer to base station having maximum remaining energy than any other sensor node in multi-hop communication. The multi hop approach minimizing the inter cluster communication without effecting the data reliability.

Power Layer Energy Efficient Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Network (PLRP)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sardjoeni Moedjiono ◽  
Aries Kusdaryono
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing

Preserving energy of sensor node in wireless sensor network is an effort to prolong the lifetime of network. Energy of sensor node is very crucial because battery powered and irreplaceable. Energy conservation of sensor node is an effort to reduce energy consumption in order to preserve resource for network lifetime. It can be achieved through efficient energy usage by reducing consumption of energy or decrease energy usage while achieving a similar outcome. In this paper, the authors propose power layer energy efficient routing protocol in wireless sensor network, named PLRP, which use power control and multi-hop routing protocol to control overhead of sensor node and create clustering to distribute energy dissipation and increase energy efficiency of all sensor node. The main idea of PLRP is the use of power control, which divide sensor node into group by base station uses layer of energy and maximize the computation energy in base station to reduce computational energy in sensor node for conservation of network lifetime. The performance of PLRP compared to BCDCP and BIDRP based of hierarchical routing protocol. The simulation results show that PLRP achieve 25% and 30% of improvement on network lifetime.

scholarly journals A PSO-Based Uneven Dynamic Clustering Multi-Hop Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruan ◽  
Huang
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Dynamic Clustering ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing

Since wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are powered by energy-constrained batteries, many energy-efficient routing protocols have been proposed to extend the network lifetime. However, most of the protocols do not well balance the energy consumption of the WSNs. The hotspot problem caused by unbalanced energy consumption in the WSNs reduces the network lifetime. To solve the problem, this paper proposes a PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization)-based uneven dynamic clustering multi-hop routing protocol (PUDCRP). In the PUDCRP protocol, the distribution of the clusters will change dynamically when some nodes fail. The PSO algorithm is used to determine the area where the candidate CH (cluster head) nodes are located. The adaptive clustering method based on node distribution makes the cluster distribution more reasonable, which balances the energy consumption of the network more effectively. In order to improve the energy efficiency of multi-hop transmission between the BS (Base Station) and CH nodes, we also propose a connecting line aided route construction method to determine the most appropriate next hop. Compared with UCCGRA, multi-hop EEBCDA, EEMRP, CAMP, PSO-ECHS and PSO-SD, PUDCRP prolongs the network lifetime by between 7.36% and 74.21%. The protocol significantly balances the energy consumption of the network and has better scalability for various sizes of network.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document