scholarly journals Pubic Hair Shaving Is Correlated to Vulvar Dysplasia and Inflammation: A Case-Control Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meike Schild-Suhren ◽  
Amr A. Soliman ◽  
Eduard Malik
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Pubic Hair ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Cancer Group ◽  
Hpv Status ◽  
Healthy Participants ◽  
Control Study

Objective. The risk factors for vulvar dysplasia and infections are not fully known. In this study, we aimed to investigate the correlation between pubic hair shaving and the occurrence of vulvar inflammation, dysplasia, and cancer. Methods. This study was performed between January 2013 and December 2016 in which a standardized questionnaire concerning genital hair shaving was administered to vulvar dysplasia and cancer patients and healthy participants. The presence of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and the occurrence of genital inflammation were documented. Results. We recruited 49 patients with vulvar dysplasia or cancer and 234 healthy women as a control group. Smoking, HPV infection, genital inflammation, and complete pubic hair removal were significantly more common in the vulvar dysplasia/cancer group. Pubic hair shaving per se presented a clear association with vulvar dysplasia/cancer. Shaving the labia majora in particular showed also an association. Conclusion. Our findings suggest that partial or complete pubic hair shaving using a razor is correlated with and could be a potential risk factor for the development of genital inflammation, vulvar dysplasia, and malignancies. These results need to be confirmed in larger studies. HPV status and genital inflammation should be documented by medical personnel.

To evaluate the role of placental human papilloma virus (HPV) infection as a risk factor for spontaneous preterm birth: a prospective case control study

2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reetu Hooda ◽  
Neeru Baghla ◽  
Nisha Malik ◽  
Samander Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objectives i) To compare the placental human papilloma virus (HPV) deoxynucleic acid (DNA) status of preterm deliveries with full term deliveries and to identify high risk (HR) genotypes (HPV 16 and 18); and ii) To compare the perinatal outcomes of HPV positive with HPV negative pregnant women. Methods A case control study was carried out on 100 antenatal women with singleton live pregnancies admitted in labor ward of a tertiary care teaching hospital from April 2017 to March 2018. The two study groups were i) spontaneous preterm deliveries between 24 and 36 + 6 weeks (n=50) and ii) full term deliveries ≥37 weeks (n=50). The placental tissue was analysed for HPV DNA and HR HPV genotypes were detected by type specific primers. A comparative analysis of perinatal outcomes between HPV positive and negative women was done. Results An overall placental tissue HPV prevalence of 12% (12/100) was observed in study cohort which was not significantly different between preterm and full term deliveries (16 vs. 8%, p=0.218). HPV 16 was significantly associated with preterm births (p=0.04). Both HPV affected and non-affected women were comparable in terms of mode of delivery and neonatal outcomes. However, a statistically significant association of preterm neonatal intensive care admissions with HR HPV 16 genotype was observed (p=0.04). Conclusions Spontaneous preterm births can be attributed to placental HPV infection, specifically HR HPV 16 genotype. This association identifies a potentially preventable cause of prematurity and its associated complications, in wake of availability of an effective vaccine.

scholarly journals Study of the association between DRD2 Gene Ser311Cys and GSTM1 Gene Polymorphism in Schizophrenia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanaz poorshekar ◽  
Afsaneh Firoozfar ◽  
Mohammadreza Dehghani ◽  
Seyed Mojtaba Yassini Ardekani ◽  
Seyed Mehdi Kalantar
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Gstm1 Gene ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Regression Tests ◽  
Healthy Participants ◽  
Gstm1 Polymorphism ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: Schizophrenia is a mental disorder affecting 1% of the world's population. Two of genes have been recognized to be involved in development of this disease: DRD2 and GSTM1. Methods: This case-control study included 100 patients suffering from schizophrenia who referred to Yazd Neuropsychiatry Hospital. Also, 100 healthy patients without schizophrenia were selected as the control group. After DNA extraction, it was genotyped 100 schizophrenic and 100 healthy controls by use of restricted fragment of length polymorphism (RFLP) for Ser311Cys polymorphism and multiplex PCR for GSTM1. After performing relevant experiments and gaining some results, statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software16. In this study, Chi-square and logistic regression tests were used to investigate the relation between genotype of polymorphism and schizophrenia. Results: Data analysis showed that frequency distribution of Ser311Cys polymorphism genotypes between the patients and healthy participants was not significant (P: 0.121). Also, for GSTM1, there was no association between the polymorphism and schizophrenia. In general, the frequency distribution of the deleting gene between the patients and the control group was not significant (P= 0.089). And this polymorphism was significantly associated with symptoms (P = 0.012). Conclusion: The results of this study show that Ser311Cys polymorphism and GSTM1 polymorphism is not common among the studied patients, therefore it indicates its non-effectiveness in the study population. However, because the study population is not representative of the entire Iranian population, further studies with larger population are needed.  

Rorschach Characteristics in Adolescents with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Santoantonio ◽  
L. Yazigi ◽  
E. I. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Control Study

The purpose of this study was to investigate the personality characteristics in adolescents with SLE. The research design is a case-control study by means of the Rorschach Method and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale. Study group: 30 female adolescents with lupus, 12–17 years of age. The SLE Disease Activity Index was administered during the period of psychological evaluation. Control group: 32 nonpatient adolescents were matched for age, sex, and socioeconomic level. In the Wechsler Intelligence Scale the mean IQ of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (77 and 98, respectively, p < .001). In the Rorschach, the lupus patients showed greater difficulty in interpersonal interactions, although they displayed the resources to process affect and to cope with stressful situations. A positive moderate correlation (p = .069) between the activity index of the disease and the affect constriction proportion of the Rorschach was observed: the higher the SLEDAI score, the lower the capacity to process affect. There is a negative correlation between the activity index of the disease and the IQ (p = .001): with a higher activity index of the disease, less intellectual resources are available.

Assessment of Craniofacial Morphology in Mouth Breathing Children. A retrospective case-control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 3649-3653
Author(s):  
David Angelescu ◽  
Teodora Angelescu ◽  
Meda Romana Simu ◽  
Alexandrina Muntean ◽  
Anca Stefania Mesaros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Oral Breathing ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Control Study

The aim of this retrospective case-control study is to determine a possible correlation between breathing mode and craniofacial morphology. The study was carried out in the Department of Pedodontics,Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The sample comprised 80 patients, age between 6 and 13 years, which were divided in two groups based on respiratory pattern: control group composed of 38 nasal breathing children and case group composed of 42 oral breathing children. Three quantitative craniofacial parameters were measured from the frontal and lateral photos: facial index, lower facial height ratio and upper lip ratio. The statistical analysis showed a significant higher facial index (p=0.006*) and an increase lower facial height (p=0.033*) for the oral breathers group. No differences in facial morphology were found between genders and age groups, when comparing the data between the same type of respiratory pattern children. Spearman�s rho Correlation show a significant positive correlation (p=0.002*) between facial index and lower facial height and a significant negative correlation between facial index and upper lip (p=0,005*). Long faces children are more likely to develop oral breathing in certain conditions, which subsequently have a negative effect on increasing the lower facial height by altering the postural behavior of mandible and tongue.

Association of Serum Homocysteine Level and Interstitial Lung Disease in Systemic Sclerosis: A Case-control Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
Mohammadali Nazarinia ◽  
Asghar Zare ◽  
Mohammad javad Fallahi ◽  
Mesbah Shams
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Homocysteine Level ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lung Involvement ◽  
Serum Homocysteine ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

Background:Systemic sclerosis is a disorder of connective tissue with unknown cause, affecting the skin and internal organs, characterized by fibrotic changes.Objective:To determine the correlation between serum homocysteine level and interstitial lung involvement in systemic sclerosis. </P><P> Materials and Methods: In this case – control study, 59 patients who fulfilled the ACR/EULAR classification criteria for systemic sclerosis and were referred to Hafez Hospital of Shiraz, Iran, were included as the case group. Fifty nine healthy subjects were involved as the control group. Patients were divided into two groups based on interstitial lung involvement and two subtypes, diffuse and limited type. Serum homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folate levels compared between the controls, and cases groups.Results:Of 59 case and control group, 53 (%89.8) were female and the mean age did not differ in both groups (P=0.929). Thirty five (%59.3) patients had interstitial lung involvement and 38(%64.4) had diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis. The mean serum homocysteine level was 13.9±6.3 µmol/L in the case and 13.7±9.2 µmol/L in the control group (P=0.86). The mean serum homocysteine level did not differ between the patients with and without interstitial lung involvement (P=0.52). The patients with lung involvement was older than those without lung involvement (P=0.004). Lung disease was more common in diffuse type (P=0.014).Conclusion:In our study, serum homocysteine level did not differ between the patients and healthy subjects. Also, there was no correlation between serum homocysteine level and lung involvement, but lung involvement was more common in older patients and also diffuse subtype.

scholarly journals Study of cognitive impairment and genetic polymorphism of SLC41A1 (rs11240569 allele) in Parkinson’s disease in Upper Egypt: case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamdy N. El-Tallawy ◽  
Tahia H. Saleem ◽  
Wafaa M. Farghaly ◽  
Heba Mohamed Saad Eldien ◽  
Ashraf Khodaery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
And Control ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Parkinson’s disease is one of the neurodegenerative disorders that is caused by genetic and environmental factors or interaction between them. Solute carrier family 41 member 1 within the PARK16 locus has been reported to be associated with Parkinson’s disease. Cognitive impairment is one of the non-motor symptoms that is considered a challenge in Parkinson’s disease patients. This study aimed to investigate the association of rs11240569 polymorphism; a synonymous coding variant in SLC41A1 in Parkinson’s disease patients in addition to the assessment of cognitive impairment in those patients. Results In a case -control study, rs11240569 single nucleotide polymorphisms in SLC41A1, genes were genotyped in 48 Parkinson’s disease patients and 48 controls. Motor and non-motor performance in Parkinson's disease patients were assessed by using the Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). The genotype and allele frequencies were compared between the two groups and revealed no significant differences between case and control groups for rs11240569 in SLC41A1 gene with P value .523 and .54, respectively. Cognition was evaluated and showed the mean ± standard deviation (SD) of WAIS score of PD patients 80.4 ± 9.13 and the range was from 61 to 105, in addition to MMSE that showed mean ± SD 21.96 ± 3.8. Conclusion Genetic testing of the present study showed that rs11240569 polymorphism of SLC41A1 gene has no significant differences in distributions of alleles and genotypes between cases and control group, in addition to cognitive impairment that is present in a large proportion of PD patients and in addition to the strong correlation between cognitive impairment and motor and non-motor symptoms progression.

Serum otolin-1 as a biomarker for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
D V K Irugu ◽  
A Singh ◽  
H Yadav ◽  
H Verma ◽  
R Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positional Vertigo ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to evaluate serum otolin-1 levels in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and to compare these levels with healthy individuals. Method This was a case-control study. After obtaining institutional ethical committee clearance, the serum level of otolin-1 was calculated in adult individuals (18–75 years old) who were divided into group 1 (patients presenting with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo) and group 2 (healthy patients without benign paroxysmal positional vertigo as the control group). Data analysis was carried out to compare the serum levels in the cases and controls. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results A total of 70 age-matched individuals (cases, n = 40; controls, n = 30) were included in the study. The mean serum level of otolin-1 was 636.8 pg/ml (range, 259–981 pg/ml) in the group of patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and 236.2 pg/ml (range, 189–370 pg/ml) in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.0000). Conclusion The serum levels of otolin-1 in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo are significantly higher compared with individuals without benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

Efficacy of corticosteroid therapy in the treatment of long- lasting olfactory disorders in COVID-19 patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
L.A. Vaira ◽  
C. Hopkins ◽  
M. Petrocelli ◽  
J.R. Lechien ◽  
S. Cutrupi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Spontaneous Recovery ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Control ◽  
Group A ◽  
Control Study

BACKGROUND: The growing number of COVID-19 patients with long-lasting olfactory disorders makes it necessary to identify effective treatments that enhance the spontaneous recovery of olfactory function. METHODS: Multicentre randomised case-control study that involved 18 patients with COVID-19 related anosmia or severe hyposmia for more than 30 days. Nine patients were prescribed systemic prednisone and nasal irrigation with betamethasone, ambroxol and rinazine for 15 days. The other 9, untreated, patients were used as controls. The olfactory function was evaluated with CCCRC test at 20 and 40 days from the first evaluation. RESULTS: In the control group, a median olfactory score of 20 (IQR 30) was detected at baseline. At the 20-day control there was no significant improvement in olfactory function. The improvement in olfactory performance became significant at the 40-day follow-up compared to baseline scores [60 (IQR 60) versus 20 (IQR 30)]. In the treatment group, patients had a mean olfactory score of 10 (IQR 15) at initial control. At the 20-day control, a significant im-provement in the olfactory scores, compared to the baseline, was detected [70 (IQR 40) versus 10 (IQR 15)]. Olfactory function further improved at 40 days [median score 90 (IQR 50)]. Patients in the treatment group reported significantly higher improvements of the olfactory scores than the controls at both the 20-day [40 (IQR 45) versus 10 (IQR 15)] and 40-day [60 (IQR 40) versus 30 (IQR 25)] evaluations. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of this study, the mix of drugs including steroids could represent a useful specific therapy to reduce the prevalence of this long-term morbidity.

Whole-Field Indocyanine Green Intensity Analysis to Intraoperatively Predict Cerebral Hyperperfusion Syndrome Following Superficial Temporal Artery-Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass: A Retrospective Case-Control Study in 7-Year Experience With 112 Cases

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosuke Sato ◽  
Tatsuya Sugiyama ◽  
Tohru Mizutani
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Superficial Temporal Artery ◽  
Temporal Artery ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intensity Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Cerebral Hyperperfusion Syndrome ◽  
Cerebral Hyperperfusion ◽  
Control Study

Abstract BACKGROUND Intraoperative prediction of postoperative cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (CHS) after cerebrovascular bypass surgery is challenging. OBJECTIVE To conduct a retrospective case-control study with indocyanine green (ICG) intensity analysis of the superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass and investigate whether its washout pattern might be a marker for intraoperative prediction of CHS. METHODS Between 2012 and 2018, 6 of 112 patients (5.4%) that underwent STA-MCA bypass exhibited CHS. We selected 5 patients with CHS (3 with atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease [ASCVD] and 2 with moyamoya) and 15 patients without CHS (60% ASCVD and 40% moyamoya) as a matched control group. During prebypass and postbypass, washout times (WTs) for the first 10%, 25%, 50%, and 75% of maximum ICG intensity measured in the whole-camera field were compared between groups. The changes in WT (ΔWT) from prebypass to postbypass for each ICG intensity level were compared between groups. The cutoff ΔWTs, sensitivities, and specificities were also calculated. RESULTS Postbypass WTs were significantly longer in the CHS group than the control group at all ICG intensities (P < .05). ΔWT was significantly greater in the CHS group than the control group for the first 10%, 25%, and 50% ICG intensities (P < .001). A cutoff ΔWT of ≥2.66 s for the first 50% ICG intensity showed a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 100%. CONCLUSION We found that a ΔWT ≥2.66 s for the first 50% ICG intensity could be an intraoperative predictive factor for CHS.

scholarly journals Associations between Red Blood Cell and Platelet Transfusions and Retinopathy of Prematurity

Neonatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Tobias Hengartner ◽  
Mark Adams ◽  
Riccardo E. Pfister ◽  
Diane Snyers ◽  
Jane McDougall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽  
Control Study

<b><i>Aim:</i></b> The aim of this study is to examine possible associations between the transfusion of RBC or platelets (PLTs) and the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in infants. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This retrospective, national, case-control study included all live births in Switzerland between 2013 and 2018. We investigated preterm infants at a gestational age of &#x3c;28 weeks, who developed higher stage ROP (≥stage 2, <i>n</i> = 178). Each case infant was matched to another of the same sex who did not develop ROP (<i>n</i> = 178, control group). <b><i>Results:</i></b> When compared with the control group, we observed higher numbers of RBC transfusions per infant and higher percentages of infants receiving PLT transfusions in the case group. An adjusted logistic regression analysis revealed that both RBC (odds ratio [OR] 1.081, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.020–1.146) and PLT transfusions (OR = 2.502, 95% CI 1.566–3.998) numbers were associated with ROP development. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Multiple RBC and PLT transfusions are associated with higher stage ROP development. Prospective studies are required to determine their potential as risk factors.

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