To evaluate the role of placental human papilloma virus (HPV) infection as a risk factor for spontaneous preterm birth: a prospective case control study

Abstract Objectives i) To compare the placental human papilloma virus (HPV) deoxynucleic acid (DNA) status of preterm deliveries with full term deliveries and to identify high risk (HR) genotypes (HPV 16 and 18); and ii) To compare the perinatal outcomes of HPV positive with HPV negative pregnant women. Methods A case control study was carried out on 100 antenatal women with singleton live pregnancies admitted in labor ward of a tertiary care teaching hospital from April 2017 to March 2018. The two study groups were i) spontaneous preterm deliveries between 24 and 36 + 6 weeks (n=50) and ii) full term deliveries ≥37 weeks (n=50). The placental tissue was analysed for HPV DNA and HR HPV genotypes were detected by type specific primers. A comparative analysis of perinatal outcomes between HPV positive and negative women was done. Results An overall placental tissue HPV prevalence of 12% (12/100) was observed in study cohort which was not significantly different between preterm and full term deliveries (16 vs. 8%, p=0.218). HPV 16 was significantly associated with preterm births (p=0.04). Both HPV affected and non-affected women were comparable in terms of mode of delivery and neonatal outcomes. However, a statistically significant association of preterm neonatal intensive care admissions with HR HPV 16 genotype was observed (p=0.04). Conclusions Spontaneous preterm births can be attributed to placental HPV infection, specifically HR HPV 16 genotype. This association identifies a potentially preventable cause of prematurity and its associated complications, in wake of availability of an effective vaccine.

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High Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus in Colorectal Cancer in Hispanics: A Case-Control Study

Gastroenterology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2016/7896716 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Raul D. Bernabe-Dones ◽

Maria Gonzalez-Pons ◽

Alejandro Villar-Prados ◽

Mercedes Lacourt-Ventura ◽

Heriberto Rodríguez-Arroyo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Case Control ◽

Colorectal Carcinogenesis ◽

Colorectal Tumors ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Control Study

The role of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in colorectal carcinogenesis remains elusive. Based on the high incidence of HPV-associated malignancies among Puerto Rican Hispanics, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of HPV infection and viral integration in colorectal tissues in order to evaluate its putative role in colorectal cancer (CRC). In this case-control study, the prevalence of HPV infection in CRC (casesn= 45) and normal colon mucosa from cancer-free subjects (controlsn= 36) was assessed by a nested PCR strategy. HPV-16 genotyping was performed in HPV-positive tissues and the physical status of the HPV-16 genome was determined by E2 detection. HPV was detected in 19 of 45 (42.2%) CRC cases (mean age 61.1 ± 10.7 years, 24 males) and in 1 of 36 (2.8%) controls (mean age 60.9 ± 9.6 years, 24 males) with an OR = 25.58 (95% CI 3.21 to 203.49). HPV-16 was detected in 63.2% of the HPV-positive colorectal tumors; genome integration was observed in all HPV-16 positive cases. This is the first report showing the high prevalence of HPV infections in Caribbean Hispanic colorectal tumors. Despite evidence of HPV integration into the host genome, further mechanistic analysis examining HPV oncoprotein expression and the putative role of these oncoproteins in colorectal carcinogenesis is warranted.

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Association of placental chorangiosis with pregnancy complication and prenatal outcome: a case-control study

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-021-03576-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Homeira Vafaei ◽

Zinat Karimi ◽

Mojgan Akbarzadeh-Jahromi ◽

Fatemeh Asadian

Keyword(s):

Case Control Study ◽

Gestational Hypertension ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Placental Tissue ◽

Case Control ◽

Low Grade ◽

Amniotic Fluid Index ◽

Significance Level ◽

Adverse Pregnancy ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background Chorangiosis is a vascular change involving the terminal chorionic villi in the placenta. It results from longstanding, low-grade hypoxia in the placental tissue, and is associated with such conditions as intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), diabetes, and gestational hypertension in pregnancy. Chorangiosis rarely occurs in normal pregnancies. However, its prevalence is 5–7% of all placentas from infants admitted to newborn intensive care units. The present study was aimed at determining the association of chorangiosis with pregnancy complications and perinatal outcomes. Methods In this case-control study, 308 chorangiosis cases were compared with 308 controls (with other diagnoses in pathology) in terms of maternal, placental, prenatal, and neonatal characteristics derived from the medical records of participants retrospectively. R and SPSS version 22 software tools were used, and the statistical significance level was considered 0.05 for all the tests. Results Preeclampsia, diabetes mellitus, maternal hemoglobin, maternal hematocrit, C/S, oligohydramnios, fetal anomaly, dead neonates, NICU admissions were significantly higher in the chorangiosis group OR = 1.6, 3.98, 1.68, 1.92, 2.1, 4.47, 4.22, 2.9, 2.46, respectively (p-value< 0.05 for all). Amniotic fluid index, birth weight, cord PH amount, 1st, and 5th Apgar score was lower in the chorangiosis group OR = 0.31, 1, 0.097, 0.83, 0.85, respectively (p-value< 0.05 for all). Moreover, fundal placenta, retro placental hemorrhage, perivillous fibrin deposition, calcification, and acute chorioamnionitis were higher in the chorangiosis group OR = 2.1, 11.8, 19.96, 4.05, and 6.38 respectively, (p-value< 0.05). There was a high agreement between the two pathologists, and the power of the study was estimated at 99%. Conclusion Although chorangiosis is an uncommon condition, it is associated with a higher incidence of perinatal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it should be considered an important clinical sign of adverse pregnancy outcomes and should be reported in the pathology evaluation.

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Incidence, risk factors and perinatal outcomes for placenta accreta in Australia and New Zealand: a case–control study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017713 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. e017713 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Cynthia M Farquhar ◽

Zhuoyang Li ◽

Sarah Lensen ◽

Claire McLintock ◽

Wendy Pollock ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

New Zealand ◽

Caesarean Section ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Placenta Accreta ◽

Perinatal Outcomes ◽

Case Control ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Incidence Risk ◽

Control Study

ObjectiveEstimate the incidence of placenta accreta and describe risk factors, clinical practice and perinatal outcomes.DesignCase–control study.SettingSites in Australia and New Zealand with at least 50 births per year.ParticipantsCases were women giving birth (≥20 weeks or fetus ≥400 g) who were diagnosed with placenta accreta by antenatal imaging, at operation or by pathology specimens between 2010 and 2012. Controls were two births immediately prior to a case. A total of 295 cases were included and 570 controls.MethodsData were collected using the Australasian Maternity Outcomes Surveillance System.Primary and secondary outcome measuresIncidence, risk factors (eg, prior caesarean section (CS), maternal age) and clinical outcomes of placenta accreta (eg CS, hysterectomy and death).ResultsThe incidence of placenta accreta was 44.2/100 000 women giving birth (95% CI 39.4 to 49.5); however, this may overestimated due to the case definition used. In primiparous women, an increased odds of placenta accreta was observed in older women (adjusted OR (AOR) women≥40 vs <30: 19.1, 95% CI 4.6 to 80.3) and current multiple birth (AOR: 6.1, 95% CI 1.1 to 34.1). In multiparous women, independent risk factors were prior CS (AOR ≥2 prior sections vs 0: 13.8, 95% CI 7.4 to 26.1) and current placenta praevia (AOR: 36.3, 95% CI 14.0 to 93.7). There were two maternal deaths (case fatality rate 0.7%).Women with placenta accreta were more likely to have a caesarean section (AOR: 4.6, 95% CI 2.7 to 7.6) to be admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU)/high dependency unit (AOR: 46.1, 95% CI 22.3 to 95.4) and to have a hysterectomy (AOR: 209.0, 95% CI 19.9 to 875.0). Babies born to women with placenta accreta were more likely to be preterm, be admitted to neonatal ICU and require resuscitation.

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Cervical, anal and oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in young women: A case control study between women with perinatally HIV infection and women with non-perinatally HIV infection

European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology ◽

10.1016/j.ejogrb.2019.11.022 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 244 ◽

pp. 114-119

Author(s):

Christine Gilles ◽

Marie Buljubasic ◽

Déborah Konopnicki ◽

Yannick Manigart ◽

Patricia Barlow ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Young Women ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Study

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Maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnancies with multiple sclerosis: a case-control study

Journal of Perinatal Medicine ◽

10.1515/jpm-2016-0060 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Serenat Eris Yalcin ◽

Yakup Yalcin ◽

And Yavuz ◽

Mehmet Ozgur Akkurt ◽

Mekin Sezik

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

General Anesthesia ◽

Cesarean Delivery ◽

Apgar Score ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Perinatal Outcomes ◽

Case Control ◽

Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽

Breastfeeding Rates ◽

Control Study

AbstractObjective:To assess whether maternal multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes by determining the clinical course of disease during pregnancy and postpartum throughout a 10-year-period in a single tertiary center.Methods:We conducted a case-control study that included pregnancies with a definitive diagnosis of MS (n=43), matched with 100 healthy pregnant women with similar characteristics. Maternal and perinatal data were retrieved from hospital files. Groups were compared with the Mann-Whitney andResults:Maternal demographic and baseline laboratory data were similar across the groups. Rates of preterm delivery, fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, stillbirth, cesarean delivery, congenital malformation, and 5-min Apgar score were comparable (P>0.05 for all). General anesthesia during cesarean delivery (96% vs. 39%, P=0.002), urinary tract infection (UTI) (12% vs. 3%, P=0.04), low 1-min Apgar score (21% vs. 9%, P=0.04), and nonbreastfeeding (33% vs. 2%, P=0.001) were more frequent in women with MS. The low 1-min Apgar score and breastfeeding rates were independent of general anesthesia and UTI in regression models.Conclusion:MS during pregnancy was not associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes except UTI, low 1-min Apgar scores, and decreased breastfeeding rates.

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Genetic variant in CXCL12 gene raises susceptibility to HPV infection and squamous intraepithelial lesions development: a case-control study

Journal of Biomedical Science ◽

10.1186/s12929-018-0472-y ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nádia Calvo Martins Okuyama ◽

Fernando Cezar-dos-Santos ◽

Érica Romão Pereira ◽

Kleber Paiva Trugilo ◽

Guilherme Cesar Martelossi Cebinelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variant ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Case Control ◽

Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽

Intraepithelial Lesions ◽

Control Study

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Can serum homocysteine predict hypertensive disorders of pregnancy?: an evidence from a case control study in a North Indian tertiary health care institution

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20193521 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 3117

Author(s):

Kushla Pathania ◽

S. K. Verma ◽

Shaina Chamotra ◽

Ankit Chaudhary

Keyword(s):

Case Control Study ◽

Homocysteine Level ◽

Perinatal Outcomes ◽

Case Control ◽

Unknown Etiology ◽

Intrauterine Death ◽

Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽

Hypertensive Disorders ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Control Study

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are a major cause of both maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality. Although pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) is still regarded as a disease of theories and unknown etiology, elevated homocysteine level has been hypothesized as a key risk factor. Abnormally raised homocysteine has been significantly associated with increased risk of PIH, abruption, intrauterine growth restriction, recurrent pregnancy loss, intrauterine death and prematurity.Methods: The present case control study was conducted among 180 pregnant women (90 cases and 90 controls) in Kamla Nehru State Hospital for Mother and Child, IGMC Shimla, Himachal Pradesh with an objective of ascertaining the role of homocysteine in pregnancy related hypertensive disorders. Socio-demographic, clinical, biochemical including homocysteine level, laboratory and ultrasonographic parameters of all the participants were documented.Results: The mean homocysteine level of cases (18.30±10.81) was significantly higher than the controls (8.70±2.64). About 62.2% cases had abnormally raised homocysteine level (>15 µmol/L), while only 1.1% controls had such level. The odds of a case having abnormally elevated homocysteine level were 146.6 (CI: 19.52-1101) times to that of controls. Eclamptics had the highest homocysteine level followed by preeclamptics and controls.Conclusions: The present study significantly associates the abnormally elevated homocysteine levels with pregnancy related hypertensive ailments and demands much needed robustly designed studies to further explore the phenomenon. A simple intervention like estimating the much neglected homocysteine levels prior to pregnancy can definitely aid in predicting and preventing perinatal outcomes.

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